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Racovian Academy
The Racovian Academy ('' la, Gymnasium Bonarum Artium'') was a Socinian school operated from 1602 to 1638 by the Polish Brethren in Raków, Sandomierz Voivodeship of Lesser Poland. The communitarian Arian settlement of Raków was founded in 1569 by . The academy was founded in 1602 by his son, Jakub Sienieński. The zenith of the academy was 1616–1630. It was contemporaneous with the Calvinist Pińczów Academy, which was known "as the Sarmatian Athens". It numbered more than 1,000 students, including many foreigners. At this point it is estimated that ten to twenty percent of Polish intellectuals were Arians. The end of the Academy in 1638 was occasioned by the pretext of the alleged destruction of a roadside cross, by several students of the Academy, while on tour accompanied by a teacher Paludiusa Solomon. Jakub Zadzik, bishop of Kraków, Jerzy Ossoliński, voivode of Sandomierz, and Honorato Visconti, papal nuncio, forced the closure of the Academy and the destruction of all ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Raków Dom Ariański
Rakow may refer to: People *Benzion Rakow (1925–1985), rabbi in London, England *Bezalel Rakow (1927–2003), rabbi of Gateshead, England *Ed Rakow (1935–2000), American baseball player *Edward F. Rakow (1861–1942) *Mary Rakow, American novelist Places Poland *Raków, Kielce County, village in Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship, historical centre of Polish Unitarianism *Raków, Greater Poland Voivodeship, village in Kępno County *Raków, Łódź Voivodeship, village in Piotrków County *Raków, Polkowice County, village in Lower Silesian Voivodeship *Raków, Trzebnica County, village in Lower Silesian Voivodeship *Raków, Wrocław County, village in Lower Silesian Voivodeship *Raków, Lubusz Voivodeship, village in Świebodzin County *Raków, Masovian Voivodeship, village in Gostynin County *Raków, Opole Voivodeship, village in Głubczyce County *Raków, Jędrzejów County, village in Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship Belarus *Rakaŭ, urban settlement in Valozhyn Raion, Minsk Region ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sejm
The Sejm (English: , Polish: ), officially known as the Sejm of the Republic of Poland (Polish: ''Sejm Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej''), is the lower house of the bicameral parliament of Poland. The Sejm has been the highest governing body of the Third Polish Republic since the transition of government in 1989. Along with the upper house of parliament, the Senate, it forms the national legislature in Poland known as National Assembly ( pl, Zgromadzenie Narodowe). The Sejm is composed of 460 deputies (singular ''deputowany'' or ''poseł'' – "envoy") elected every four years by a universal ballot. The Sejm is presided over by a speaker called the "Marshal of the Sejm" (''Marszałek Sejmu''). In the Kingdom of Poland, the term "''Sejm''" referred to an entire two-chamber parliament, comprising the Chamber of Deputies ( pl, Izba Poselska), the Senate and the King. It was thus a three-estate parliament. The 1573 Henrician Articles strengthened the assembly's jurisdiction, makin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jonasz Szlichtyng
Jonasz Szlichtyng (German: Jonas Schlichting) (1592 in Bukowiec, Lubusz Voivodeship – 1661 in Sulechów) was a Polish nobleman, theologian of the Socinian Polish Brethren and father of Krzysztof Szlichtyng. He studied in Germany, from where he returned to teach in Raków, Kielce County at the Racovian Academy, and then in Lusławice, Lesser Poland Voivodeship. Following the 1639 ban on Socinianism he was convicted by the Warsaw parliament in 1647 for spreading "godless" dogma and exiled. He hid for several months in the homes of sympathetic nobles but finally departed for the safety and freedom of the Netherlands, where he was science tutor to Zbigniew Sieniński. During the Swedish invasion 1655 he returned temporarily to Kraków, but after their withdrawal he was forced to leave the country again but never made it back to Amsterdam. He died in Sulechów on the border of Silesia. His writings, like those of Samuel Crell (nephew of Johann Crell) and Marcin Ruar, had influence o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Valentinus Smalcius
Valentinus Smalcius (german: Valentin Schmalz or ''Schmaltz''; pl, Walenty Smalc) (Gotha, 1572 – Raków, Kielce county 1622) was a German Socinian theologian. He is known for his German translation of the Racovian Catechism, and Racovian New Testament (1606) translated from Greek into Polish. A migrant to Poland, he became largely Polonised towards the end of his life. Schmalz was converted by Andrzej Wojdowski while at Strassburg University around 1592, and emigrated to Poland on graduation, after which he taught at Smigiel, Lublin, and t. Stanislaw Kot records that Schmalz became "a noteworthy example of the assimilative power of Raków". Like many of the emigrant Germans, French and Italians who came to Poland he married a Pole and brought up his children as Poles. Schmalz became so thorough Polonised that in addition to the Polish New Testament he composed Polish hymns, and kept his personal diary in Polish. He was a preacher of the Polish Brethren at Raków, Kielce County ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pierre Statorius
__NOTOC__ Pierre Statorius, pl, Piotr Stoiński, Piotr Stojeński (Tonneville, Seine-Maritime, 1530 – Pińczów, or Kraków 1591) was a French grammarian and theologian, who settled among the Polish Brethren, becoming rector of a Calvinist Academy in Pińczów at the invitation of Francesco Lismanino. The place of birth and real name of Statorius are difficult to establish. According to the letter of Théodore de Bèze of 12 July 1567, Statorius was a student of his. In the accounts of the Baillif of Lausanne Hans Frisching for 1550 appears "Pierre de Tonneville", who signed his Latin letters "P. Tonvillanus S." and claimed to have come from the "pays Séquanes" which indicates Tonneville, Seine-Maritime, not Thionville, Metz. He is known in Poland as ''Piotr Stoiński Sr.,'' (also ''Stojeński''), to distinguish from his son, Piotr Stoiński Jr. (1565–1605) co-author of the Racovian Catechism and teacher at the Racovian Academy The Racovian Academy ('' la, Gymnasium Bonarum ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Racovian Catechism
The Racovian Catechism ('' Pol.'': Katechizm Rakowski) is a nontrinitarian statement of faith from the 16th century. The title ''Racovian'' comes from the publishers, the Polish Brethren, who had founded a sizeable town in Raków, Kielce County, where the Racovian Academy and printing press was founded by Jakub Sienieński in 1602. Authors The Polish Brethren or ''Ecclesia Minor'' were an antitrinitarian minority of the Reformed Church in Poland who had separated from the Calvinist majority, or ''Ecclesia Major'', in 1565. Several authors had a hand in drafting the Catechism: Valentinus Smalcius, Hieronim Moskorzowski, Johannes Völkel and others. It is likely that some of the text had been prepared by the Italian exile Fausto Sozzini, who had settled among the Polish Brethren in 1579, without ever formally joining, and who died in the year before the Catechism was drafted. Despite his lack of any official status in the church Sozzini had been influential in bringing the Polish c ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hieronim Moskorzowski
Hieronim Moskorzowski or Moskorzewski, also known as Moscorovius, Jarosz Moskorzowski, pseudonymy: Eusebius, Medicus, Nobilis, Subditus Fidelis (c. 1560 in Moskorzew – 1625 in Raków, Kielce County) was an administrator of the Racovian Academy, writer, polemicist, and member of the Polish Brethren. Biography Moskorzowski was born in 1560 in Moskorzew, near Szczekocin. He came from a noble family, received a comprehensive education, and became involved with the movement of the Polish Brethren. Unlike the older generation of the ''Ecclesia Minor'' he was involved in politics and as a member of the Sejm repeatedly defended the rights of minority believers and dissenters there. At the ''zjazd'' meeting of the nobility in Lublin (4 June 1606) he objected to the revolt of the nobility against the king and senators, and was elected to the committee that put together the articles of a request for nobles to the king. He spent time in Gdańsk in 1610, and in 1611 was delegated to the L ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Krzysztof Morsztyn Sr
Krzysztof () is a Polish given name, equivalent to English ''Christopher''. The name became popular in the 15th century. Its diminutive forms include Krzyś, Krzysiek, and Krzysio; augmentative – Krzychu Individuals named Krzysztof may choose to celebrate their name day on March 15, July 25, March 2, May 21, August 20 or October 31. People with the first name Krzysztof * Krzysztof Arciszewski (1592–1656), Polish military man * Krzysztof Bednarski (born 1953), famous contemporary Polish sculptor * Krzysztof Bizacki (born 1973), Polish footballer * Krzysztof Bukalski (born 1970), Polish footballer * Krzysztof Charamsa (born 1972), Polish priest * Krzysztof Chodkiewicz, d. 1652, Polish-Lithuanian nobleman * Krzysztof Cwalina (born 1971), Polish freestyle swimmer * Krzysztof Czerwinski (Krzysztof Czerwiński) (born 1980), Polish conductor, organist and voice teacher * Krzysztof Dabrowski (Krzysztof Dąbrowski) (born 1978), Polish footballer * Krzysztof Głowacki (born 1986), Pol ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Krzysztof Morsztyn Jr
Krzysztof () is a Polish given name, equivalent to English ''Christopher''. The name became popular in the 15th century. Its diminutive forms include Krzyś, Krzysiek, and Krzysio; augmentative – Krzychu Individuals named Krzysztof may choose to celebrate their name day on March 15, July 25, March 2, May 21, August 20 or October 31. People with the first name Krzysztof * Krzysztof Arciszewski (1592–1656), Polish military man * Krzysztof Bednarski (born 1953), famous contemporary Polish sculptor * Krzysztof Bizacki (born 1973), Polish footballer * Krzysztof Bukalski (born 1970), Polish footballer * Krzysztof Charamsa (born 1972), Polish priest * Krzysztof Chodkiewicz, d. 1652, Polish-Lithuanian nobleman * Krzysztof Cwalina (born 1971), Polish freestyle swimmer * Krzysztof Czerwinski (Krzysztof Czerwiński) (born 1980), Polish conductor, organist and voice teacher * Krzysztof Dabrowski (Krzysztof Dąbrowski) (born 1978), Polish footballer * Krzysztof Głowacki (born 1986), Pol ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Andrzej Lubieniecki
Andrzej Lubieniecki (1521–1623) was a Polish historian and priest, member of the Polish Brethren The Polish Brethren (Polish: ''Bracia Polscy'') were members of the Minor Reformed Church of Poland, a Nontrinitarian Protestant church that existed in Poland from 1565 to 1658. By those on the outside, they were called "Arians" or "Socinians" (, ' .... His major work was the ''Poloneutichia albo Polskiego Królestwa Szczęście''. 1521 births 1623 deaths 16th-century Polish historians Polish male non-fiction writers Polish Unitarians 17th-century Polish historians {{Poland-hist-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Joachim Stegmann
Joachim Stegmann Sr.(Potsdam 1595 - Cluj-Napoca 1633) was a German Socinian theologian, Bible translator, mathematician and rector of the Racovian Academy. Stegmann was born in Potsdam, and was a Lutheran pastor in Brandenburg, but from 1626 he began to openly profess their ideas of Fausto Paolo Sozzini and moved to Poland, where he began working in the centers of the Polish Brethren. He was a teacher and rector of the Racovian Academy and contributed to the prosperity of the university. In 1630 he collaborated with Johannes Crellius on the publication of German version of the Racovian New Testament. He was chosen by the Polish Brethren community to go to Transylvania in 1633 to serve the "Arian" (Socinian) community among the Hungarian-speaking Unitarians there but died shortly after arrival in Cluj-Napoca. Works * Textbook for mathematics and geometry. * Brevis disquisitio an et quo mado vulgo dicti Evangelici Pontificios, ac nominatim Val. Magni de Acatholicorum credendi reg ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
