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RNAL (cable System)
Reach North Asia Loop (RNAL) is a multi-terabit intra-Asia self-healing submarine telecommunications cable system, connecting the principal cities in Asia. The 10,000 km cable network provides intra-regional, city-to-city connectivity between Hong Kong, Seoul, Tokyo, and Taipei. The cable network was developed jointly by Reach and FLAG Telecom. Reach has constructed the eastern leg of the multi-terabit cable that connects Japan, Taiwan, and Hong Kong, while FLAG built the western leg connecting Japan, Hong Kong, and Korea. Overview FLAG manages and operates the system on its own behalf and that of Reach under a developmental agreement. FLAG and Reach each own three of the system’s six fiber pairs. Reach markets its share of the system as Reach North Asia Loop (RNAL). RNAL has the largest share of cable capacity in Asia with 29% (second largest is C2C with 25%). Cyclist Egan BeRNAL is named after the cable system. It has landing points in: * Tong Fuk, Lantau Island, Ho ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Terabit
The bit is the most basic unit of information in computing and digital communications. The name is a portmanteau of binary digit. The bit represents a logical state with one of two possible values. These values are most commonly represented as either , but other representations such as ''true''/''false'', ''yes''/''no'', ''on''/''off'', or ''+''/''−'' are also commonly used. The relation between these values and the physical states of the underlying storage or device is a matter of convention, and different assignments may be used even within the same device or program. It may be physically implemented with a two-state device. The symbol for the binary digit is either "bit" per recommendation by the IEC 80000-13:2008 standard, or the lowercase character "b", as recommended by the IEEE 1541-2002 standard. A contiguous group of binary digits is commonly called a ''bit string'', a bit vector, or a single-dimensional (or multi-dimensional) ''bit array''. A group of eight bi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Awa District, Chiba
is a district located in Chiba Prefecture, Japan. As of August 2010, the district had an estimated population of 8,992 and a density of 198 persons per km2. Its total area was . Awa District at present consists only of the town of Kyonan History Awa District was one of the ancient districts of Kazusa Province, and originally covered all of the southern end of Bōsō Peninsula. In 718, it was separated from Kazusa to become the separate province of Awa, which existed to the Meiji Restoration of 1868. In the cadastral reforms of the early Meiji period, Awa Province was divided into four modern districts in 1868: , , and (formerly called Heguri). At the time of its formation, Awa District consisted of 93 hamlets, divided evenly between Tateyama Domain and Nagao Domain. These were consolidated into two towns (Tateyama and Hōjō, which merged with Tateyama in 1993) and nine villages. In 1897, three districts of Asai, Hei and Nagasa were absorbed into Awa District, at which time Aw ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dark Fiber
A dark fibre or unlit fibre is an unused optical fibre, available for use in fibre-optic communication. Dark fibre may be leased from a network service provider. Dark fibre originally referred to the potential network capacity of telecommunication infrastructure. Because the marginal cost of installing additional fibre optic cables is very low once a trench has been dug or conduit laid, a great excess of fibre was installed in the US during the telecom boom of the late 1990s and early 2000s. This excess capacity was later referred to as ''dark fibre'' following the dot-com crash of the early 2000s that briefly reduced demand for high-speed data transmission. These unused fibre optic cables later created a new market for unique private services that could not be accommodated on ''lit'' fibre cables (i.e., cables used in traditional long-distance communication). Motivations Much of the cost of installing cables is in the civil engineering work required. This includes planning ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ciena
Ciena Corporation is an American telecommunications networking equipment and software services supplier based in Hanover, Maryland. The company has been described by ''The Baltimore Sun'' as the "world's biggest player in optical connectivity." The company reported revenues of $3.63 billion for 2022. Ciena had over 8,000 employees, as of October 2022. Gary Smith serves as president and chief executive officer (CEO). Customers include AT&T, Deutsche Telekom, Korea Telecom, Sprint Corporation, and Verizon Communications. History Early history and initial public offering Ciena was founded in 1992 under the name HydraLite by electrical engineer David R. Huber. Huber served as chief executive officer, while Optelecom, a company building optical networking products, provided "management assistance and production facilities," and co-founder Kevin Kimberlin "provided initial equity capital during the formation of the Company". The company subsequently received funding from Sevin Rosen ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
PCCW
PCCW Limited (formerly known as Pacific Century CyberWorks Limited) is a Hong Kong-based information and communications technology (ICT) company. The company is the majority owner of telecommunications company HKT Limited, and also holds a majority interest in Pacific Century Premium Developments Limited. PCCW is headquartered in Hong Kong and operates in Europe, the Middle East, Africa, the Americas, mainland China, and other parts of Asia. Main business and subsidiaries HKT Limited Subsidiaries and services * Netvigator * CSL Mobile ("csl", "1O1O" and "Club SIM") * Sun Mobile (majority stake) * PPS (Payment by Phone Service) – a bill payment service provided by HKT and EPS. * The Club – a Hong Kong customer loyalty programme. * HKT Teleservices – formerly PCCW Teleservices, a contact centers and business process outsourcing provider * HKT Payment Limited – the developer of "Tap & Go", a prepaid mobile payment service for Hong Kong users. * HKT-eye – over-the- ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
DWDM
In fiber-optic communications, wavelength-division multiplexing (WDM) is a technology which multiplexes a number of optical carrier signals onto a single optical fiber by using different wavelengths (i.e., colors) of laser light. This technique enables bidirectional communications over a single strand of fiber, also called wavelength-division duplexing, as well as multiplication of capacity. The term WDM is commonly applied to an optical carrier, which is typically described by its wavelength, whereas frequency-division multiplexing typically applies to a radio carrier which is more often described by frequency. This is purely conventional because wavelength and frequency communicate the same information. Specifically, frequency (in Hertz, which is cycles per second) multiplied by wavelength (the physical length of one cycle) equals the velocity of the carrier wave. In a vacuum, this is the speed of light, usually denoted by the lowercase letter, c. In glass fiber, it is subs ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
RNAL Cable System
Reach North Asia Loop (RNAL) is a multi-terabit intra-Asia self-healing submarine telecommunications cable system, connecting the principal cities in Asia. The 10,000 km cable network provides intra-regional, city-to-city connectivity between Hong Kong, Seoul, Tokyo, and Taipei. The cable network was developed jointly by Reach and FLAG Telecom. Reach has constructed the eastern leg of the multi-terabit cable that connects Japan, Taiwan, and Hong Kong, while FLAG built the western leg connecting Japan, Hong Kong, and Korea. Overview FLAG manages and operates the system on its own behalf and that of Reach under a developmental agreement. FLAG and Reach each own three of the system’s six fiber pairs. Reach markets its share of the system as Reach North Asia Loop (RNAL). RNAL has the largest share of cable capacity in Asia with 29% (second largest is C2C with 25%). Cyclist Egan BeRNAL is named after the cable system. It has landing points in: *Tong Fuk, Lantau Island, Hong ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Taiwan
Taiwan, officially the Republic of China (ROC), is a country in East Asia, at the junction of the East and South China Seas in the northwestern Pacific Ocean, with the People's Republic of China (PRC) to the northwest, Japan to the northeast, and the Philippines to the south. The territories controlled by the ROC consist of 168 islands, with a combined area of . The main island of Taiwan, also known as ''Formosa'', has an area of , with mountain ranges dominating the eastern two-thirds and plains in the western third, where its highly urbanised population is concentrated. The capital, Taipei, forms along with New Taipei City and Keelung the largest metropolitan area of Taiwan. Other major cities include Taoyuan, Taichung, Tainan, and Kaohsiung. With around 23.9 million inhabitants, Taiwan is among the most densely populated countries in the world. Taiwan has been settled for at least 25,000 years. Ancestors of Taiwanese indigenous peoples settled the isla ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Yilan County, Taiwan
Yilan County, alternately spelled I-lan, is a County (Taiwan), county in northeastern Taiwan, Republic of China. Name The name ''Yilan'' derives from the Taiwanese indigenous peoples, indigenous Kavalan people. Other former names in reference to this area in the Yilan Plain include ''Kabalan'', ''Kavalan'', ''Kavaland'', ''kap-a-lan'', ''Yiland'' and ''Gilan''. Before 2009, the county's official name was transliterated as Ilan. History Early history Since early ages, many people have traveled from far places to Yilan. Taiwanese aborigines, Indigenous tribes that have settled in Yilan are Kavalan people and Atayal people. The Kavalan people came by the sea and lived by the river at Yilan Plain since around 1,000 years ago. They mostly speak the Austronesian languages. Their settlements consisted of small villages along rivers with around 40-50 communities scattered around the area with a total population of approximately 10,000 people. The Atayal people came by crossing ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Toucheng, Yilan
Toucheng Township () is an urban township in Yilan County, Taiwan. The township includes Guishan Island and Guiluan Island in the Philippine Sea. The Senkaku Islands, known in Mandarin as the Diaoyu Islands, are claimed as part of the township. History Toucheng was formerly called ''Thau-ui'' (). Toucheng Township () was established on 9 September 1946. Toucheng Township was upgraded to an urban township () on 1 January 1948. Geography * Area: 100.89 km2 * Population: 29,890 people (2014) Administrative divisions Toucheng includes twenty-five urban villages: *Shicheng/Shihcheng (Shih-ch'eng-tzu, Sekijōshi; ), Dali (Ta-li-chien, Dairikan; , 大里簡), Guishan (Kuei-shan, Kīzan; ), Daxi (Ta-ch'i, Taikei; ), Gexing (Ho-hsing, Gōkō; ), Gengxin (), Waiao (Wai-ao, Gaiō; ), Gangkou (Chiang-k'ou, Kōkō; ), Wuying (), Dakeng (), Chengtung (), Chengbei (), Chengxi (), Chengnan (), Zhuan (), Xinjian (), Baya (), Fucheng (), Jinmian (Hsiao-chin-mien, Shō-kimmen; , 小金 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Japan
Japan ( ja, 日本, or , and formally , ''Nihonkoku'') is an island country in East Asia. It is situated in the northwest Pacific Ocean, and is bordered on the west by the Sea of Japan, while extending from the Sea of Okhotsk in the north toward the East China Sea, Philippine Sea, and Taiwan in the south. Japan is a part of the Ring of Fire, and spans Japanese archipelago, an archipelago of List of islands of Japan, 6852 islands covering ; the five main islands are Hokkaido, Honshu (the "mainland"), Shikoku, Kyushu, and Okinawa Island, Okinawa. Tokyo is the Capital of Japan, nation's capital and largest city, followed by Yokohama, Osaka, Nagoya, Sapporo, Fukuoka, Kobe, and Kyoto. Japan is the List of countries and dependencies by population, eleventh most populous country in the world, as well as one of the List of countries and dependencies by population density, most densely populated and Urbanization by country, urbanized. About three-fourths of Geography of Japan, the c ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chiba Prefecture
is a prefecture of Japan located in the Kantō region of Honshu. Chiba Prefecture has a population of 6,278,060 (1 June 2019) and has a geographic area of . Chiba Prefecture borders Ibaraki Prefecture to the north, Saitama Prefecture to the northwest, and Tokyo to the west. Chiba is the capital and largest city of Chiba Prefecture, with other major cities including Funabashi, Matsudo, Ichikawa and Kashiwa. Chiba Prefecture is located on Japan's eastern Pacific coast to the east of Tokyo, and is part of the Greater Tokyo Area, the most populous metropolitan area in the world. Chiba Prefecture largely consists of the Bōsō Peninsula, which encloses the eastern side of Tokyo Bay and separates it from Kanagawa Prefecture. Chiba Prefecture is home to Narita International Airport, the Tokyo Disney Resort, and the Keiyō Industrial Zone. Etymology The name of Chiba Prefecture in Japanese is formed from two kanji characters. The first, , means "thousand" and the second, means " ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
