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RM-51
The RM-51 (''Raketomet vzor 1951'') multiple rocket launcher was a Czechoslovak Army alternative of the BM-13 multiple rocket launcher developed in the 1950s. Variants * vz. 51 - Original model, based on Praga V3S 6×6 truck. * M-51 - Export version used by Austria, based on Steyr 680 M3 6×6 truck. * RM-51 - Export variant, based on ZIS-151 and ZIL-157 6×6 trucks. Operators * - 18 delivered in 1974, designated M-51. * - 24 delivered in 1963. * - 6 in service as of 2021. * - In 2012, Indonesian Army retrofitted their RM-51, including replacing the original Praga V3S truck with Reo M35A2 truck. * * - 20 delivered between 1965-1966. * - 50 delivered between 1957-1958. * - 36 delivered between 1976-1977. * - 58 delivered between 1956-1965. Designated R-2, the launchers were later mounted on ZIL-157 trucks. See also * RM-70 multiple rocket launcher The RM-70 (''Raketomet vzor 1970'') multiple rocket launcher is a Czechoslovak Army version and heavier variant of t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
RM-51
The RM-51 (''Raketomet vzor 1951'') multiple rocket launcher was a Czechoslovak Army alternative of the BM-13 multiple rocket launcher developed in the 1950s. Variants * vz. 51 - Original model, based on Praga V3S 6×6 truck. * M-51 - Export version used by Austria, based on Steyr 680 M3 6×6 truck. * RM-51 - Export variant, based on ZIS-151 and ZIL-157 6×6 trucks. Operators * - 18 delivered in 1974, designated M-51. * - 24 delivered in 1963. * - 6 in service as of 2021. * - In 2012, Indonesian Army retrofitted their RM-51, including replacing the original Praga V3S truck with Reo M35A2 truck. * * - 20 delivered between 1965-1966. * - 50 delivered between 1957-1958. * - 36 delivered between 1976-1977. * - 58 delivered between 1956-1965. Designated R-2, the launchers were later mounted on ZIL-157 trucks. See also * RM-70 multiple rocket launcher The RM-70 (''Raketomet vzor 1970'') multiple rocket launcher is a Czechoslovak Army version and heavier variant of t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Katyusha Rocket Launcher
The Katyusha ( rus, Катю́ша, p=kɐˈtʲuʂə, a=Ru-Катюша.ogg) is a type of rocket artillery first built and fielded by the Soviet Union in World War II. Multiple rocket launchers such as these deliver explosives to a target area more intensively than conventional artillery, but with lower accuracy and requiring a longer time to reload. They are fragile compared to artillery guns, but are cheap, easy to produce, and usable on almost any chassis. The Katyushas of World War II, the first self-propelled artillery mass-produced by the Soviet Union,Zaloga, p 150. were usually mounted on ordinary trucks. This mobility gave the Katyusha, and other self-propelled artillery, another advantage: being able to deliver a large blow all at once, and then move before being located and attacked with counter-battery fire. Katyusha weapons of World War II included the BM-13 launcher, light BM-8, and heavy BM-31. Today, the nickname ''Katyusha'' is also applied to newer truck-mounte ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
RM-70 Multiple Rocket Launcher
The RM-70 (''Raketomet vzor 1970'') multiple rocket launcher is a Czechoslovak Army version and heavier variant of the BM-21 Grad multiple rocket launcher, providing enhanced performance over its parent area-saturation rocket artillery system that was introduced in 1971 (the NATO designation is M1972). Overview RM-70 was developed in Czechoslovakia as a successor for the RM-51, achieving initial operational capability with its Army in 1972. The launcher was being produced in Dubnica nad Váhom (Slovakia). Originally, it was sold to East Germany. After the Soviet Union collapse and the split of Czechoslovakia into the Czech Republic and Slovakia, it was sold to several countries in Africa, America, Asia and Europe. RM-70 replaced the Ural-375D 6x6 truck by a Tatra T813 "Kolos" 8x8 truck as carrier platform for the 40-round launcher. The new carrier vehicle provides enough space for carrying 40 additional 122 mm rockets pack for reload. Nevertheless, RM-70 performance re ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
National Museum Of Military History, Bulgaria
The National Military History Museum ( bg, Национален военноисторически музей, bg, Natsionalen voennoistoricheski muzey) is a museum dedicated to military history in Sofia, Bulgaria. A structure of the Ministry of Defence, it has existed under various names and subordinate to various institutions since 1 August 1914 (in practice since 4 July 1916). It consists of 5,000 m2 of indoor and 40,000 m2 outdoor (of which 500 m2 covered) exhibition area, changing exhibits, a library and a computer centre. Establishment The NMMH was established in 1916, two years after a military-historical commission, consisting of an archive, exhibition and library, was founded. By that time it was one of only three Bulgarian museums in existence. Its first complete exhibition was only unveiled in 1937. Its current structure and name date from 1968. Outdoor exhibition An incomplete list of equipment on display. Artillery Missiles * 9K52 Luna-M * R-17 Elbrus * OT ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
ZIL-157
The ZIL-157 is a general-purpose -ton 6×6 truck, produced at the Lichachev plant in the Soviet Union from 1958 to 1977, when production was transferred to the Amur plant, since the Lichachev plant wanted to focus more on modern trucks, such as the ZIL-131 truck. Nevertheless, production of the ZIL-157 trucks continued even after the fall of the Soviet Union, but eventually ended in 1994. History The ZIL-157 started being produced in 1958, based on the ZIL-164 truck, as a replacement for the ZIS-151 that was based on the ZIS-150 truck, which was based on the International KR-11 trucks. The ZIL-157 truck, like its many predecessors, was mostly intended for use by the Red Army, but it was also popular with forestry companies, and was thus also used as a log truck, specifically the ''ZIL-157V'' semi-truck version. In 1977 the production of the truck was moved to Novouralsk by the UamZ company. The Lichachev plant likely did that move since, they wanted to focus their main produ ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
M35 Series 2½-ton 6×6 Cargo Truck
The M35 2½-ton cargo truck is a long-lived 2½-ton 6×6 cargo truck initially used by the United States Army and subsequently utilized by many nations around the world. Over time it evolved into a family of specialized vehicles. It inherited the nickname "Deuce and a Half" from an older 2½-ton truck, the World War II GMC CCKW. The M35 started as a 1949 REO Motor Car Company design for a 2½-ton 6×6 off-road truck. This original 6-wheel M34 version with a single wheel tandem was quickly superseded by the 10-wheel M35 design with a dual tandem. The basic M35 cargo truck is rated to carry off-road or on roads. Trucks in this weight class are considered medium duty by the military and the Department of Transportation. Specifications Dimensions An M35A2 cargo truck with a PTO-driven Garwood front winch is tall, wide and long, and empty ( empty when equipped with the front mount winch, according to dashboard dataplates). The standard wheelbase cargo bed is 8 feet wid ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Indonesian Army
The Indonesian Army ( id, Tentara Nasional Indonesia Angkatan Darat (TNI-AD), ) is the land branch of the Indonesian National Armed Forces. It has an estimated strength of 300,000 active personnel. The history of the Indonesian Army has its roots in 1945 when the (TKR) "Civil Security Forces" first emerged as a paramilitary and police corps.Daves, Joseph H (2013) ''The Indonesian Army from Revolusi to Reformasi'' , p 15 Since the nation's independence movement, the Indonesian Army has been involved in multifaceted operations ranging from the incorporation of Western New Guinea, the Indonesia-Malaysia Confrontation, to the annexation of East Timor, as well as internal counter-insurgency operations in Aceh, Maluku, and Papua. The army's operations have not been without controversy; it has been periodically associated with human rights violations, particularly in West Papua, East Timor and Aceh.Schwarz, Adam (1994) ''A Nation in Waiting: Indonesia in the 1990s'' Allen & ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
International Institute For Strategic Studies
The International Institute for Strategic Studies (IISS) is a British research institute or think tank in the area of international affairs. Since 1997, its headquarters have been Arundel House in London, England. The 2017 Global Go To Think Tank Index ranked IISS as the tenth-best think tank worldwide and the second-best Defence and National Security think tank globally, while Transparify ranked it third-largest UK think tank by expenditure, but gave it its lowest rating, "deceptive", on funding transparency. Overview The current director-general and chief executive is John Chipman. Sir Michael Howard, the British military historian, founded the institute together with the British Labour MP Denis Healey (Defence Secretary, 1964–1970 and Chancellor, 1974–1979) and University of Oxford academic Alastair Francis Buchan. Based in London, the IISS is both a private company limited by guarantee in UK law and a registered charity. Research The institute has worked with gov ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
ZIS-151
The ZIS-151 (russian: ЗИС-151) was a general-purpose truck produced by the Soviet car manufacturer Automotive Factory No. 2 ''Zavod imeni Stalina'' in 1948–1958. In 1956, the factory was renamed to ''Zavod imeni Likhacheva'', and new trucks were called ZIL-151 ().Каталог запасных частей автомобиля ЗИЛ-151. Mashgiz, Moscow 1957. (Original spare parts cataloge for the ZIL-151.) The ZIS-151 was the first major Soviet military all-wheel-drive truck built following World War II, replacing the imported U.S. Studebaker US6 and the earlier Soviet ZIS-6. In early 1948, the cabs were made of wood, soon replaced with a steel cab. Tens of thousands were produced, including specialized versions for hauling different types of cargo. The Soviets also found the trucks an ideal platform for BM-13 ''Katyusha'' rocket launchers. The most famous developments of ZIS-151 were the BTR-152 armored personnel carrier and the BAV 485 amphibious vehicle. Due to de ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Steyr 680-880 Series
Steyr (; Central Bavarian: ''Steia'') is a statutory city, located in the Austrian federal state of Upper Austria. It is the administrative capital, though not part of Steyr-Land District. Steyr is Austria's 12th most populated town and the 3rd largest city in Upper Austria. The city has a long history as a manufacturing center and has given its name to several manufacturers headquartered there, such as the former Steyr-Daimler-Puch conglomerate and its successor Steyr Motors. Geography The city is situated in the Traunviertel region, with the two rivers Steyr and Enns flowing through it and meeting near the town centre beneath Lamberg Castle and St Michael's Church. This prominent location has made it prone to severe flooding through the centuries until the present, one of the worst cases being recently in August 2002. To the south of the town rises a series of hills that climb in altitude and stretch out to the Upper Austrian Prealps. To the north, the hills roll downwar ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Czechoslovak Army
The Czechoslovak Army (Czech and Slovak: Československá armáda) was the name of the armed forces of Czechoslovakia. It was established in 1918 following Czechoslovakia's declaration of independence from Austria-Hungary. History In the first months of the World War I, the response of the Czech soldiers and civilians to the war and mobilisation efforts were highly enthusiastic, however it turned into apathy later. Although modeled after Austro-Hungarian Army patterns, the army of the newly established state also incorporated former members of the Czechoslovak Legion fighting alongside the Entente during World War I. Czechoslovak Army took part in the brief Polish-Czechoslovak War in which Czechoslovakia annexed the Zaolzie region from Poland. In the interbellum the force was fairly modern by contemporary standards, with the core of the force formed by LT vz. 38 and LT vz. 35 tanks, as well as an extensive system of border fortifications. Mobilised during the Munich Confe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Praga V3S
The Praga V3S is an all-terrain multi-purpose truck, produced between 1953 and 1990 in Czechoslovakia. It was designed for the armed forces and was also exported to 72 countries. Praga produced the truck until 1964, then the Avia company till around 1986, after which the Bratislava company BAZ rolled out these vehicles till 1990. Around 130,000 units were manufactured. The truck was among the best off-road cargo vehicles of its time and the Czechoslovak Army used it for more than half a century.iDNES, Nesmrtelná babička vejtřaska slaví šedesátiny 2. dubna 2013 It was the longest produced Czechoslovak truck. Development For the development till prototype stage of the truck, designers were given only four months. They were ...[...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
