RHOBTB2
Rho-related BTB domain-containing protein 2 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ''RHOBTB2'' gene. RHOBTB2 is a member of the evolutionarily-conserved RhoBTB subfamily of Rho GTPases. For background information on RhoBTBs, see RHOBTB1 (MIM 607351). upplied by OMIMref name="entrez"/> Clinical significance Mutations affecting ''RHOBTB2'' can cause epilepsy, learning difficulties and movement disorders. ''RHOBTB2''-related disorders are autosomal dominant In genetics, dominance is the phenomenon of one variant (allele) of a gene on a chromosome masking or overriding the effect of a different variant of the same gene on the other copy of the chromosome. The first variant is termed dominant and t ..., meaning only one of the two copies of the gene needs to be mutated to cause disease. The mutations usually occur ''de novo'' – that is, as a new mutation occurring in the affected individual rather than having been inherited. References Further reading

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RhoBTB
The RhoBTB family is a subgroup of the Rho family of small GTPases. They are a highly divergent class and are all characterized by an N-terminal Rho-related domain followed by at least one C-terminal BTB domain. Discovery The RhoBTB family of molecules was unknowingly discovered in 1993 by analyzing the Dictyostelium genome looking for members of the Ras superfamily of GTPases. The authors began by doing Southern blots looking for cDNAs that cross-hybridize with a very conservative probe from hRas. They identified 19 new genes that belonged to the Ras superfamily and sequenced approximately 600 nucleotides from the start of the transcript. If they were looking for a normal Ras-like GTPase, this would have been sufficient. One of their clones, they called RacA, was more divergent than most of the others and the transcript didn’t terminate in a stop codon like the rest. The authors, however, didn’t comment on this and RhoBTB went undiscovered for another eight years. ...
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Protein
Proteins are large biomolecules and macromolecules that comprise one or more long chains of amino acid residues. Proteins perform a vast array of functions within organisms, including catalysing metabolic reactions, DNA replication, responding to stimuli, providing structure to cells and organisms, and transporting molecules from one location to another. Proteins differ from one another primarily in their sequence of amino acids, which is dictated by the nucleotide sequence of their genes, and which usually results in protein folding into a specific 3D structure that determines its activity. A linear chain of amino acid residues is called a polypeptide. A protein contains at least one long polypeptide. Short polypeptides, containing less than 20–30 residues, are rarely considered to be proteins and are commonly called peptides. The individual amino acid residues are bonded together by peptide bonds and adjacent amino acid residues. The sequence of amino acid residue ...
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Gene
In biology, the word gene (from , ; "...Wilhelm Johannsen coined the word gene to describe the Mendelian units of heredity..." meaning ''generation'' or ''birth'' or ''gender'') can have several different meanings. The Mendelian gene is a basic unit of heredity and the molecular gene is a sequence of nucleotides in DNA that is transcribed to produce a functional RNA. There are two types of molecular genes: protein-coding genes and noncoding genes. During gene expression, the DNA is first copied into RNA. The RNA can be directly functional or be the intermediate template for a protein that performs a function. The transmission of genes to an organism's offspring is the basis of the inheritance of phenotypic traits. These genes make up different DNA sequences called genotypes. Genotypes along with environmental and developmental factors determine what the phenotypes will be. Most biological traits are under the influence of polygenes (many different genes) as well as gen ...
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Rho GTPases
Rho GTPase may refer to: *Any member of the Rho family of GTPases *The members of the Rho family of GTPases belonging to the '' Rho subclass'' *RHOA Transforming protein RhoA, also known as Ras homolog family member A (RhoA), is a small GTPase protein in the Rho family of GTPases that in humans is encoded by the ''RHOA'' gene. While the effects of RhoA activity are not all well known, it is ...

RHOBTB1
Rho-related BTB domain-containing protein 1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ''RHOBTB1'' gene. The protein encoded by this gene belongs to the Rho family of the Ras superfamily The Ras superfamily, derived from "Rat sarcoma virus", is a protein superfamily of small GTPases. Members of the superfamily are divided into families and subfamilies based on their structure, sequence and function. The five main families are Ras ... of small GTPases. It contains a GTPase domain, a proline-rich region, a tandem of 2 BTB (broad complex, tramtrack, and bric-a-brac) domains, and a conserved C-terminal region. The protein plays a role in small GTPase-mediated signal transduction and the organization of the actin filament system. Alternate transcriptional splice variants have been characterized. References Further reading

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