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Qubad Of Shirvan
Qubad () was the thirteenth Shah of Shirvan, a younger brother of his predecessor Ali II. Reign His reign saw arrival of Seljuks in the region. He built a strong defense wall around Shamakhi in order to protect it from Oghuz invasions who were at the time already besieging Ganja. He reigned for 6 years and died on 28 July 1049. He was succeeded by his nephew Bukhtnassar Ali. A daughter of his was married off to a Turkic warlord called Qara-Tegin by Fariburz I Fariburz ibn Sallar ( fa, فریبرز بن سالار), better simply known as Fariburz I (), was the sixteenth Shah of Shirvan, ruling from 1063 to 1096. His reign saw many major political balance changes in Caucasus, including expansion by the S .... References Sources * * {{Shirvanshahs 11th-century monarchs in the Middle East 11th-century Iranian people ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Shah
Shah (; fa, شاه, , ) is a royal title that was historically used by the leading figures of Iranian monarchies.Yarshater, EhsaPersia or Iran, Persian or Farsi, ''Iranian Studies'', vol. XXII no. 1 (1989) It was also used by a variety of Persianate societies, such as the Ottoman Empire, the Kazakh Khanate, the Khanate of Bukhara, the Emirate of Bukhara, the Mughal Empire, the Bengal Sultanate, historical Afghan dynasties, and among Gurkhas. Rather than regarding himself as simply a king of the concurrent dynasty (i.e. European-style monarchies), each Iranian ruler regarded himself as the Shahanshah ( fa, شاهنشاه, translit=Šâhanšâh, label=none, ) or Padishah ( fa, پادشاه, translit=Pâdešâh, label=none, ) in the sense of a continuation of the original Persian Empire. Etymology The word descends from Old Persian ''xšāyaθiya'' "king", which used to be considered a borrowing from Median, as it was compared to Avestan ''xšaθra-'', "power" and " ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Shirvan
Shirvan (from fa, شروان, translit=Shirvān; az, Şirvan; Tat: ''Şirvan''), also spelled as Sharvān, Shirwan, Shervan, Sherwan and Šervān, is a historical Iranian region in the eastern Caucasus, known by this name in both pre-Islamic Sasanian and Islamic times. Today, the region is an industrially and agriculturally developed part of the Azerbaijan Republic that stretches between the western shores of the Caspian Sea and the Kura River, centered on the Shirvan Plain. History Etymology Vladimir Minorsky believes that names such as Sharvān (Shirwān), Lāyzān and Baylaqān are Iranian names from the Iranian languages of the coast of the Caspian Sea. There are several explanations about this name: * Shirvan or Sharvan are changed forms of the word "Shahrbān" ( fa, شهربان, links=no) which means "the governor". The word "Shahrban" has been used since Achaemenian Dynasty as "Xshathrapawn" (satrap) to refer to different states of the kingdom. * Shervan in Per ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Shirvanshah Ali II
Abu Mansur Ali () was twelfth Shah of Shirvan, ruling from 1034 to 1043. Reign Abu Mansur murdered his elder brother Manuchihr I of Shirvan, Manuchihr I with aid of his wife and rose to throne, also marrying her in January 1035. He continued to push traditional claims of Shirvanian suzerainty over Emirate of Derbent throughout his reign. Just a few months later on 9 February 1035, Abd al-Malik II of Derbent, Abd al-Malik ibn Mansur, emir of Derbent was ousted by local nobility who submitted to Ali. Ali in turn entrusted his vizier Mansur b. Musaddid to rule the town. However these gains were lost just in April after Abd al-Malik invaded the town. In order to seal the peace with Shirvan, he aggreed to marry Ali's sister Shamkuya. The news of alliance raised disturbance in Derbent, whose nobility attacked Abd al-Malik's vizier Saqlab b. Muhammad's house and forced the emir to flee to Shirvan. Ali II in turn restored his brother-in-law to his throne. Both Ali and Abd al-Malik died in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bukhtnassar
Bukhtnassar Ali was the fourteenth Shirvanshah ''Shirvanshah'' ( fa, شروانشاه), also spelled as ''Shīrwān Shāh'' or ''Sharwān Shāh'', was the title of the rulers of Shirvan from the mid-9th century to the early 16th century. The title remained in a single family, the Yazidids, a ..., ruling from 1049 to 1050. He was the successor and nephew of Qubad. His father Ahmad b. Yazid was a son of Yazid II. He was immediately deposed by his uncle, Sallar. Bukhtnassar managed to escape but was captured and executed by forces of Sallar near Baylaqan. References Sources * * * * {{Shirvanshahs 11th-century monarchs in the Middle East 11th-century Iranian people 1050 deaths ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kasranid
The Kasranids (Persian: سلسله کسرانی) were a branch of the Shirvanshahs, who ruled the Shirvan region for 387 years. The word "Kasra" was derived from legendary king Kai Khosrow of Iran, reflecting a shift in naming tradition from Arabic to Persian and it was part of an effort to break with their Arabic roots by claiming to be successors of the Sassanids and the Kayanian dynasty. Reign Yazid II of Shirvan was accepted as the last of the Mazyadid dynasty and first of the Kasranids. He fathered eight children, five of which are named according to Persian customs. The Kasranids managed to establish alliances with the Bagrationi dynasty by marriage and with the Emirate of Derbent (whose line they would eventually absorb into the crown). They survived all invaders, notably the Seljuqs, the Ilkhanate, the Chupanids, and lastly, the Jalayirids as a vassal or tributary state. Shirvanshah Hushang was the last member of Kasranids. They were succeeded by House of Derbent, which was ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Yazid III Shirvanshah
Yazid ibn Ahmad was the tenth independent Shah of Shirvan. Reign Yazid replaced his brother Muhammad IV. His reign is notable because of Persianization of culture that took place. He continued the expansionist policy of his brother and attacked Gyurzul castle in 999, defeating its HunnicC.Tepeмян. Шaпoтpeнa Птoлeмeя в cвязи c иccтopиeй cкифc-кoгo цapaвa пpикacпийcкoгo пoбepeжья. Tбилиcи, 1966, c.76-77. ruler Abd-ul Barr Anbasah like his brother did before. He made several attempts to invade Derbent but was never successful. He was succeeded by his first son Manuchihr I. Issue Yazid II had several children. The most notable are: # Manuchihr I - Became shah in 1027. # Prince Anushirvan - Rebelled. # Ali II - Became shah in 1034. # Qubad - Became shah in 1043. # Shamkuya - married to the Hashimid ruler Abd al-Malik ibn Mansur in December 1035. # Ahmad ibn Yazid - never ruled. Father of Ali III # Sallar - deposed Ali III in 1 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Shamakhi
Shamakhi ( az, Şamaxı, ) is a city in Azerbaijan and the administrative centre of the Shamakhi District. The city's estimated population was 31,704. It is famous for its traditional dancers, the Shamakhi Dancers, and also for perhaps giving its name to the Soumak rugs. Eleven major earthquakes have rocked Shamakhi but through multiple reconstructions, it maintained its role as the economic and administrative capital of Shirvan and one of the key towns on the Silk Road. The only building to have survived eight of the eleven earthquakes is the landmark Juma Mosque of Shamakhi, built in the 8th century. History Shamakhi was in antiquity part of successive Persian empires and was first mentioned as ''Kamachia'' by the ancient Greco-Roman Egyptian geographer Claudius Ptolemaeus in the 1st to 2nd century AD. Shamakhi was an important town during the Middle Ages and served as a capital of the Shirvanshah realm from the 8th to 15th centuries. Shamakhi maintained economic and cult ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ali II Of Shirvan
Abu Mansur Ali () was twelfth Shah of Shirvan, ruling from 1034 to 1043. Reign Abu Mansur murdered his elder brother Manuchihr I with aid of his wife and rose to throne, also marrying her in January 1035. He continued to push traditional claims of Shirvanian suzerainty over Emirate of Derbent throughout his reign. Just a few months later on 9 February 1035, Abd al-Malik ibn Mansur, emir of Derbent was ousted by local nobility who submitted to Ali. Ali in turn entrusted his vizier Mansur b. Musaddid to rule the town. However these gains were lost just in April after Abd al-Malik invaded the town. In order to seal the peace with Shirvan, he aggreed to marry Ali's sister Shamkuya. The news of alliance raised disturbance in Derbent, whose nobility attacked Abd al-Malik's vizier Saqlab b. Muhammad's house and forced the emir to flee to Shirvan. Ali II in turn restored his brother-in-law to his throne. Both Ali and Abd al-Malik died in 1043 and Shirvanshah was succeeded by his young ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Seljuks
The Seljuk dynasty, or Seljukids ( ; fa, سلجوقیان ''Saljuqian'', alternatively spelled as Seljuqs or Saljuqs), also known as Seljuk Turks, Seljuk Turkomans "The defeat in August 1071 of the Byzantine emperor Romanos Diogenes by the Turkomans at the battle of Malazgirt (Manzikert) is taken as a turning point in the history of Anatolia and the Byzantine Empire. or the Saljuqids, was an Oghuz Turkic, Sunni Muslim dynasty that gradually became Persianate and contributed to the Turco-Persian tradition in the medieval Middle East and Central Asia. The Seljuks established the Seljuk Empire (1037-1194), the Sultanate of Kermân (1041-1186) and the Sultanate of Rum (1074-1308), which at their heights stretched from Iran to Anatolia, and were the prime targets of the First Crusade. Early history The Seljuks originated from the Kinik branch of the Oghuz Turks, who in the 8th century lived on the periphery of the Muslim world, north of the Caspian Sea and Aral Sea in their Oghuz ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Turkic Tribal Confederations
The Turkic term ''oğuz'' or ''oğur'' (in z- and r-Turkic, respectively) is a historical term for "military division, clan, or tribe" among the Turkic peoples. With the Mongol invasions of 1206–21, the Turkic khaganates were replaced by Mongol or hybrid Turco-Mongol confederations, where the corresponding military division came to be known as '' orda''. Background The 8th-century Kül Tigin stela has the earliest instance of the term in Old Turkic epigraphy: ''Toquz Oghuz'', the "nine tribes". Later the word appears often for two largely separate groups of the Turkic migration in the early medieval period, namely: * Onogur "ten tribes" *Utigurs *Kutrigurs * Uyghur The stem ''uq-, oq-'' "kin, tribe" is from a Proto-Turkic ''*uk''. The Old Turkic word has often been connected with ''oq'' "arrow"; Pohl (2002) in explanation of this connection adduces the Chinese ''T'ang-shu'' chronicle, which reports "the khan divided his realm into ten tribes. To the leader of each tribe, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ganja, Azerbaijan
Ganja (; az, Gəncə ) is Azerbaijan's third largest city, with a population of around 335,600.Azərbaycan Respublikası. — 2. Azərbaycan Respublikasının iqtisadi və inzibati rayonları. — 2.4. Azərbaycan Respublikasının iqtisadi və inzibati rayonlarının ərazisi, əhalisinin sayı və sıxlığı, səhifə 66. /Azərbaycanın əhalisi (statistik bülleten) Müəllifi: State Statistics Committee, Azərbaycan Respublikasının Dövlət Statistika Komitəsi. Buraxılışa məsul şəxs: Rza Allahverdiyev. Bakı — 2015, 134 səhifə. The city has been a historic and cultural center throughout most of its existence. It was the capital of the Ganja Khanate until 1804; after Qajar Iran ceded it to the Russian Empire following the Treaty of Gulistan in 1813, it became part of the administrative divisions of the Georgia Governorate, Georgia-Imeretia Governorate, Tiflis Governorate, and Elizavetpol Governorate. Following the dissolution of the Russian Empire and the Transc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fariburz I
Fariburz ibn Sallar ( fa, فریبرز بن سالار), better simply known as Fariburz I (), was the sixteenth Shah of Shirvan, ruling from 1063 to 1096. His reign saw many major political balance changes in Caucasus, including expansion by the Seljuqs. He was considered a ruler with great diplomatic skills, and his kingdom extended from Mughan to Kumuk and Alania. Reign Clash with the Shaddadids On 20 February 1063, Fariburz's father Sallar of Shirvan, Sallar died, and thus Fariburz became the new ruler of Shirvan. Although he even already controlled most of the kingdom during his father's reign. In March, the Shaddadid ruler Abu'l-Asvar Shavur I invaded his domains, captured the Quylamiyan castle, and then withdrew back to Arran (Caucasus), Arran. However, some time later, he returned to Shirvan and once again began raiding it. The Shirvanians, who fought against him, were defeated and many of them were taken captive and had their riches taken. Shavur then marched towards the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
