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Quinto Constitucional
Quinto Constitucional, or "Constitutional Fifth", is a rule defined by article 94 of the Brazilian Constitution according to which one-fifth of seats in the Federal Regional Courts, State Courts, and the Federal District and of the Territories Court are filled by public prosecutors ( Ministério Público), and by lawyers with more than 10 years of professional experience, who then leave their current positions to assume office. The selection process starts with lists, usually of six members, appointed by the bar association ( OAB) or the Prosecutor's Office, which is pruned to three by vote on the court the appointee is to serve in. The list is then submitted to the head of the executive: The president in the case of Federal Regional Courts and the Federal District and Territories Court, or the respective governor in case of a State Court, who usually appoints the highest voted. A similar rule applies to the Superior Tribunal de Justiça The Superior Court of Justice ( pt, Sup ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tribunal Regional Federal
The Regional Federal Courts (in Portuguese, ''Tribunais Regionais Federais'', commonly called TRFs) are the courts of appeal of . They represent the second instance courts of the Brazilian Federal Justice system and are responsible not only for appeal processes against trial court decisions, but also for writs of security, Habeas corpus, and Habeas data against acts by federal judges, motions to set aside judgments, criminal revisions, and conflicts of jurisdiction. The jurisdiction of the Federal Regional Courts is defined in Article 108 of the Brazilian Constitution. The Federal Regional Courts have a varied composition, with the number of judges defined by law, where one fifth are chosen by lawyers with 10 years experience or more, as well as by members of the Public Prosecutor’s Office with 10 years experience or more. The rest of the judges are appointed through the promotion of federal judges with over five years experience, by longest service time and by merit, alte ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Federal District (Brazil)
The Federal District ( pt, Distrito Federal ) is one of 27 federative units of Brazil. Located in the Center-West Region, it is the smallest Brazilian federal unit and the only one that has no municipalities, being divided into 31 administrative regions. The federal capital of Brazil, Brasília, which is also the seat of government of the Federal District, is located in its territory. History From the first republican constitution there was already a device that foresaw the move of the federal capital from Rio de Janeiro, at that time in the former Federal District (1889-1960), to the interior of the country. In 1891 the Exploration Commission of the Central Highlands of Brazil was appointed, led by astronomer Luiz Cruls and composed of doctors, geologists and botanists, who made a study on topography, climate, geology, flora, fauna and other material resources of the region of the Central Highlands The area was known as Quadrilateral Cruls and was presented in 1894 to t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Public Prosecutor's Office (Brazil)
The Public Prosecutor's Office ( pt, Ministério Público, lit. "Public Ministry", also usually referred as "MP") is the Brazilian body of independent public prosecutors at both the federal (') and state level (''Ministério Público Estadual''). It operates independently from the three branches of government. It was once referred by constitutional lawyer and former president Michel Temer as a "Fourth Branch". The Constitution of 1988 divides the functions of the Public Prosecutor's Office into three different bodies: the '' Public Procurator's Office'', the '' Public Defender's Office'' and the Public Prosecutor's Office itself, each one of them an independent body. In addition to that, the new Constitution created the ''Courts of Account'', also autonomous in its functions. There are three levels of public prosecutors, according to the jurisdiction of the courts before which they perform their duties. There are the federal prosecutors (') who bring cases before judges in low ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Oabdius
Oabdius "Oabdius", Heraldmag.org, webpage: ("o-ab'-di-us", Codex Alexandrinus: "Oabdios", Codex Vaticanus: "eios", Fritzsche: "Ioabdios", omitted in the King James Version) was one of the sons of Ela, who had separated from their " strange wives" (1 Esdras The name 'Esdras' is found in the title of four texts (entitled Ezra, Nehemiah, 1 Esdras, 2 Esdras in most English versions) attributed to, or associated with, the prophet Ezra. The naming convention of the four books of Esdras differs between c ... 9:27) = "Abdi" of Book of Ezra 10:26. References Hebrew Bible people {{Hebrew-Bible-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Superior Tribunal De Justiça
The Superior Court of Justice ( pt, Superior Tribunal de Justiça, also known as ''STJ'', ) is the highest appellate court in Brazil for non-constitutional questions of federal law. The STJ also has original jurisdiction over some cases. Its competence is described in Article 105 of the Brazilian Constitution of 1988. A Special Appeal (in Portuguese, ''Recurso Especial'') can be made to this court when a judgement of a court of second instance A court is any person or institution, often as a government institution, with the authority to adjudicate legal disputes between parties and carry out the administration of justice in civil, criminal, and administrative matters in accordance ... offends a federal statutory provision or when second instance courts have issued different interpretations of the same federal statute. By rule, the STJ decides only questions of law, not any questions of fact and the probatory elements on the case, about which the Second Instance Courts gi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Judiciary Of Brazil
The Judiciary of Brazil is the group of public entities designated by the Brazilian constitution to carry out the country's judicial functions. Brazil's 1988 constitution has adopted a tripartite separation of powers, with a Legislative power, an Executive power, and a Judiciary power. Aside from those, the country also has the Public Ministry which acts autonomously and has in the past been referred to as the country's fourth branch. In terms of jurisdiction, the main division is between Common Justice ( pt, Justiça Comum) and Specialized Justice ( pt, Justiça Especializada). Common Justice, composed of Federal and State Justices (and the Federal District's own Justice), handles most civil and criminal cases. Specialized Justice, composed of Electoral, Military and Labor Justices, handles more specialized cases which also have their own specific procedures. The Constitution divided the Judiciary in nine organizations: the Supreme Federal Court ( pt, Supremo Tribunal Feder ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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