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Quakers In Europe
The Quaker movement began in England in the 17th Century. Small Quaker groups were planted in various places across Europe during this early period (For instance, see the Stephen Crisp article). Quakers in Europe outside Britain and Ireland are not very numerous (2023) although new groups have started in the former Soviet Union and successor countries. By far the largest national grouping of Quakers in Europe is in Britain. History Belgium and Luxembourg Quaker Meetings are held in Brussels and Luxembourg, with occasional meetings in Antwerp and Ghent. The first Meeting for Business was held in Brussels in March 1975.Wuyts, Anita. (2004) From QIAR to QCEA: On the occasion of the 25th Anniversary of the Quaker Council for European Affairs' 46. Quaker Council for European Affairs The Quaker Council for European Affairs (QCEA) is an international not-for-profit organisation which seeks to promote the values and political concerns of the Religious Society of Friends (Quakers) at t ...
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Quaker
Quakers are people who belong to a historically Protestant Christian set of Christian denomination, denominations known formally as the Religious Society of Friends. Members of these movements ("theFriends") are generally united by a belief in each human's ability to experience Inward light, the light within or see "that of God in every one". Some profess a priesthood of all believers inspired by the First Epistle of Peter. They include those with evangelicalism, evangelical, Holiness movement, holiness, Mainline Protestant, liberal, and Conservative Friends, traditional Quaker understandings of Christianity. There are also Nontheist Quakers, whose spiritual practice does not rely on the existence of God. To differing extents, the Friends avoid creeds and Hierarchical structure, hierarchical structures. In 2017, there were an estimated 377,557 adult Quakers, 49% of them in Africa. Some 89% of Quakers worldwide belong to ''evangelical'' and ''programmed'' branches that hold ...
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Jeanne Henriette Louis
Jeanne Henriette Louis (often spelled Jeanne-Henriette Louis; born 1938 in Bordeaux), is professor emeritus of civilization in North America at the University of Orléans, France. Her work relates to psychological warfare and the peace movement. Thesis In 1983, Jeanne Henriette Louis defended her thesis on psychological warfare in the United States during World War II, entitled ''Les concepts de guerre psychologique aux États-Unis de 1939 à 1943, l’engrenage de la violence'' ("The concepts of psychological warfare in the United States from 1939 to 1943, the cycle of violence"). She felt that research on colonial America had ignored important elements, and her postdoctoral work focused on the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries in North America. Jeanne Henriette Louis says that comparisons between the French colonization of the Americas (French colonial) and the British colonization of the Americas (British colonial America) have rarely been conducted, and this field of in ...
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Margaret Fell
Margaret Fell orMargaret Fox ( Askew, formerly Fell; 1614 – 23 April 1702) was a founder of the Religious Society of Friends. Known popularly as the "mother of Quakerism," she is considered one of the Valiant Sixty early Quaker preachers and missionaries. Her daughters Isabel (Fell) Yeamans and Sarah Fell were also leading Quakers. Life She was born Margaret Askew at the family seat of Marsh Grange in the parish of Kirkby Ireleth, Lancashire (now known as Kirkby-in-Furness, Cumbria). She married Thomas Fell, a barrister, in 1632, and became the lady of Swarthmoor Hall. In 1641, Thomas became a Justice of the Peace for Lancashire, and in 1645 a member of the Long Parliament. He ceased to be a member from 1647 to 1649, disapproving of Oliver Cromwell's assumption of authority. Margaret and Thomas had seven daughters and one son; only Thomas and their son were not convinced to the Quaker faith perspective. Their son, John, married Margaret Cape, an English granddaughter of Emanu ...
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William Ames
William Ames (; Latin: ''Guilielmus Amesius''; 157614 November 1633) was an English Puritan minister, philosopher, and controversialist. He spent much time in the Netherlands, and is noted for his involvement in the controversy between the Calvinists and the Arminians. Early life and education Ames was born at Ipswich, and was brought up by a maternal uncle, Robert Snelling of Boxford. He was educated at the local grammar school and from 1594 at Christ's College, Cambridge. He was considerably influenced by his tutor at Christ's, William Perkins, and by his successor Paul Bayne. Ames graduated BA in 1598 and MA in 1601, and was chosen for a fellowship in Christ's College. He was popular in the university, and in his own college. One of Ames's sermons became historical in the Puritan controversies. It was delivered in the university Church of St Mary the Great, Cambridge on 21 December 1609, and in it he rebuked sharply "lusory lotts" and the "heathenish debauchery" of the ...
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Netherlands
) , anthem = ( en, "William of Nassau") , image_map = , map_caption = , subdivision_type = Sovereign state , subdivision_name = Kingdom of the Netherlands , established_title = Before independence , established_date = Spanish Netherlands , established_title2 = Act of Abjuration , established_date2 = 26 July 1581 , established_title3 = Peace of Münster , established_date3 = 30 January 1648 , established_title4 = Kingdom established , established_date4 = 16 March 1815 , established_title5 = Liberation Day (Netherlands), Liberation Day , established_date5 = 5 May 1945 , established_title6 = Charter for the Kingdom of the Netherlands, Kingdom Charter , established_date6 = 15 December 1954 , established_title7 = Dissolution of the Netherlands Antilles, Caribbean reorganisation , established_date7 = 10 October 2010 , official_languages = Dutch language, Dutch , languages_type = Regional languages , languages_sub = yes , languages = , languages2_type = Reco ...
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Pier Cesare Bori
Pier Cesare Bori (Casale Monferrato, 3 February 1937 - Bologna, 4 November 2012) was a professor of religious history, moral philosophy, and multiculturalism at the University of Bologna. He was also a leading Italian Quaker and Tolstoy scholar. For many years he kept a writing studio in Livergnano near Bologna. Biography Bori studied jurisprudence, theology and biblical studies, and in 1970 became a professor at the 'Alma Mater Studiorum', the University of Bologna, holding the position of professor of "History of Christianity and the Churches" in the Faculty of Political Science, and teaching also "Moral Philosophy" and "Human rights in an era of globalization." Director of the "Masters Degree Program in human rights and humanitarian intervention," he held the position of "visiting professor" in the United States, Tunisia, and in Japan. Bori is a late notable published scholar of Tolstoy. He wrote the introduction to ''War & Preace'' by Tolstoy, was featured in an article in L ...
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:Category:Irish Quakers
Members of Quaker churches, either past or present, in Ireland. Quakers by nationality Quakers Quakers are people who belong to a historically Protestant Christian set of denominations known formally as the Religious Society of Friends. Members of these movements ("theFriends") are generally united by a belief in each human's abil ... Quakerism in Ireland ...
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Gerhart Von Schulze-Gavernitz
Gerhart may refer to: As a given name * Gerhart Baum (born 1932), German politician and former Federal Minister of the Interior * Gerhart Eisler (1897-1968), German communist politician * Gerhart Friedlander (1916–2009), nuclear chemist who worked on the Manhattan Project * Gerhart Hauptmann (1882–1946), German dramatist and Nobel Prize winner * Gerhart Jander (1892–1961), German inorganic chemist * Gerhart Lüders (1920–1995), German theoretical physicist * Gerhart M. Riegner (1911-2001), sender of the Riegner Telegram (the first official communication of the planned Holocaust) and secretary-general of the World Jewish Congress * Gerhart Schirmer (1913-2004), highly decorated German soldier of World War II As a surname * Bobby Gerhart (born 1958), U.S. racecar driver * Edgar Gerhart (1923-1992), Canadian lawyer, judge and politician * Emanuel Vogel Gerhart (1817-1904), U.S. minister of the German Reformed Church * John K. Gerhart (1907-1981), U.S. Air Force general * ...
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Marcello Pirani
Marcello Stefano Pirani (July 1, 1880 – January 11, 1968) was a German physicist known for his invention of the Pirani vacuum gauge, a vacuum gauge based on the principle of heat loss measurement. Throughout his career, he worked on advancing lighting technology and pioneered work on the physics of gas discharge. Biography Marcello Pirani was born on July 1, 1880, in Berlin. Starting in 1899, he studied mathematics and physics at the University of Berlin. In 1903, he was granted a PhD for his measurements of the dielectric constant of solids in the group of Emil Warburg. He then moved to the Technical University of Aachen as an assistant at the Physikalischen Institut of this university. In 1904, he joined the light bulb factory (''Glühlampenwerk'') of Siemens & Halske AG in Berlin, where he remained for the next fifteen years. At the age of 25, in 1905, he was promoted to head of the development lab of the light bulb factory. In 1906, he made his most important invent ...
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John Theodore Merz
John Theodore Merz (30 March 1840 – 21 March 1922) was a German British chemist, historian and industrialist. Merz was born in Manchester, England and educated at University of Giessen, Göttingen, Heidelberg, and Bonn universities. Merz was vice-chairman of the Newcastle-upon-Tyne Electric Supply Company, which he founded in 1889. He was chairman of the Tyneside Tramways and Tramroads Company and a member of the senate of Durham University. In 1906, he was awarded an LLD degree from the University of Aberdeen. The author of philosophical works on Leibniz, and ''Religion and Science'' (1915), his four volume ''History of European Thought in the Nineteenth Century'' consummated William Whewell's ''History of the Inductive Sciences'' (1837) and ''The Philosophy of the Inductive Sciences, Founded Upon Their History'' (1840) as well as William Stanley Jevons William Stanley Jevons (; 1 September 183513 August 1882) was an English economist and logician. Irving Fisher d ...
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Carl Hermann
Carl Heinrich Hermann (17 June 1898 – 12 September 1961), or Carl Hermann , was a German physicist and crystallographer known for his research in crystallographic symmetry, nomenclature, and mathematical crystallography in N-dimensional spaces. Hermann was a pioneer in crystallographic databases and, along with Paul Peter Ewald, published the first volume of the influential '' Strukturbericht'' (Structure Report) in 1931. Education and career Hermann was born in the north German port town of Wesermünde to parents both of long-time ministerial families. He studied mathematics and physics at the University of Göttingen, where he received his doctorate in 1923, as a pupil of Max Born and a fellow student with Werner Heisenberg. Upon graduation, he moved to Berlin-Dahlem to work under Herman Francis Mark at the Kaiser Wilhelm Institute for Fiber Chemistry (now Fritz Haber Institute of the Max Planck Society). Later in 1925, he joined Paul P. Ewald at the University of Stutt ...
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Hans Einstein
Hans E. Einstein (February 3, 1923 – August 11, 2012) was the foremost authority on the lung disease Coccidioidomycosis, Valley Fever. He lived in Bakersfield, California. He was a first cousin, twice removed, of physicist Albert Einstein, as Hans's grandfather and Albert were first cousins. Biography Einstein was born in Berlin, the son of Josefa Spiero Einstein Warburg and Dr. Fritz Einstein. He spent his childhood in Hamburg, Germany as Nazism gradually took hold. His parents were Quakers,
Friends Journal, Volume 3 (January 5, 1957). Friends Journal, Friends Publishing Corporation. but of Jewish origin. A year after Hitler took power in 1934, his mother moved Einstein and his sister to the Netherlands, leaving his father behind. He finished high school at Eerde, a boarding school in the Netherlands at age 16 and moved to the Un ...
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