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Prutah (coin)
Prutah (Hebrew: פרוטה) is a Hebrew term, possibly derived from Aramaic. It refers to a small denomination coin. History Antiquity The prutah was an ancient copper Jewish coin with low value. A loaf of bread in ancient times was worth about 10 ''prutot'' (plural of prutah). One prutah was also worth two lepta (singular lepton), which was the smallest denomination minted by the Hasmonean and Herodian Dynasty kings. Prutot were also minted by the Roman Procurators of the Province of Judea, and later were minted by the Jews during the First Jewish Revolt (sometimes called 'Masada coins'). State of Israel [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Agrippa I Prutah
Agrippa may refer to: People Antiquity * Agrippa (mythology), semi-mythological king of Alba Longa * Agrippa (astronomer), Greek astronomer from the late 1st century * Agrippa the Skeptic, Skeptic philosopher at the end of the 1st century * Agrippa Menenius Lanatus, Roman consul in 503 BC * Marcus Vipsanius Agrippa (63–12 BC), Roman statesman and general, friend and lieutenant of Augustus Caesar * Agrippa Postumus (12 BC–AD 14) * Gaius Fonteius Agrippa, father and son with the same name; the former an accuser of Libo, the latter suffect consul in AD 58 * Decimus Haterius Agrippa, consul in AD 22 * Marcus Asinius Agrippa, consul in AD 25 * Vibulenus Agrippa, committed suicide in the Roman senate in AD 36 * Herod Agrippa, (10 BC–AD 44) grandson of Herod the Great, friend of Claudius * Herod Agrippa II, (AD 27–100), his son * Agrippa Castor, Christian Roman writer of the 2nd century * Julius Agrippa, Centurion of the 2nd century * Marcius Agrippa, slave of the 3rd century wh ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1000 (number)
1000 or one thousand is the natural number following 999 and preceding 1001. In most English-speaking countries, it can be written with or without a comma or sometimes a period separating the thousands digit: 1,000. A group of one thousand things is sometimes known, from Ancient Greek, as a chiliad. A period of one thousand years may be known as a chiliad or, more often from Latin, as a millennium. The number 1000 is also sometimes described as a short thousand in medieval contexts where it is necessary to distinguish the Germanic concept of 1200 as a long thousand. Notation * The decimal representation for one thousand is ** 1000—a one followed by three zeros, in the general notation ; ** 1 × 103—in engineering notation, which for this number coincides with : ** 1 × 103 exactly—in scientific normalized exponential notation ; ** 1 E+3 exactly—in scientific E notation. * The SI prefix for a thousand units is "kilo-", abbreviated to "k"—for instance, a kilog ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Zuz (coin)
A Zuz (Hebrew-זוז; plural zuzzim Hebrew-זוזים) was an ancient Jewish silver coin struck during the Bar Kochba revolt, as well as a Jewish name for the various types of non-Jewish small silver coinage, used before and after the period of the revolt. The name was used from the Greek era of drachmas, through the Roman era of Denarius, and then as the quarter denomination of Bar Kochba coinage. The Jewish insurrectionists' zuz were overstruck on Roman Imperial denarii or Roman provincial drachmas of Vespasian, Titus, Domitian, Trajan and Hadrian. Four Zuzzim, denarii or drachmas make a Shekel, a Sela or a Tetradrachm. Etymology Several different etymologies have been suggested for the word "zuz": * A corruption of the Greek Zeus, who was the deity portrayed on the reverse of many Seleucid tetradrachms during the latest stages of the Seleucid Empire. *In Hebrew, the word "zuz" means "move", or "to move", so it was called "zuzzim" to show that it was constantly moving around, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gerah
A gerah () is an ancient Hebrew unit of weight and currency, which, according to the Torah (''Exodus'' 30:13, ''Leviticus'' 27:25, ''Numbers'' 3:47, 18:16), was equivalent to of a standard "sacred" shekel. A gerah is known in Aramaic, and usually in Rabbinic literature, as a ''ma'ah'' (מעה; Mishnah Hebrew ''pl''. ma'ot "מעות" which means "coins"). It was originally a fifth of a denarius or zuz, as seen in the Torah and in Ezekiel (45:12), then became a sixth of a dinar/zuz, such as the coinage of Persian-era Yehud, which came in two denominations: approximately 0.58 gram for the ''ma'ah'' and approximately .29 gram for the half ''ma'ah'' (''chatzi ma'ah''). .58 X 6 = 3.48 grams, which is about the weight of a zuz/denarius based on a 14 gram shekel. The Mishnah (1:1) and Jerusalem Talmud (1:4) in Shekalim discuss whether the ''kalbon'' (agio) which was sometimes required to be added to the half shekel annually levied for the Temple, was a ''"ma'ah"'' or a ' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of Historical Currencies
This is a list of historical currencies. Greece * Aeginian stater (gold) * Corinthian stater (silver) * Aurous * Athenian drachma (silver) *Stater (silver) *Tetradrachm (silver) *Drachma (silver) ** Alexandrian coinage ** Ptolemaic coinage **Seleucid coinage ** Bactrian coinage Ancient Lebanon *Tyrian shekel Ancient Lydia *Stater (electrum and silver) * Trite (coin) (electrum third of a stater) * Hekte (electrum sixth of a stater) **Lydian coin Ancient Persia *Daric (gold) *Sigloi (silver) ** Persian coinage ** Persis coinage **Parthian coinage **Sassanian coinage ** Elymais coinage Ancient Rome *Antoninianus *Argenteus (silver) * As (copper) *Aureus (gold) *Denarius (silver) *Dupondius (bronze) *Follis *Sestertius (bronze) *Solidus (gold) * Talent (silver, gold) *Tremissis (gold) **Roman currency **Roman Imperial currency **Roman Republican currency Ancient Europe *Potin *Stater *Gold coin *Silver coin *Écu *Florin Ancient Israel * Ma'ah (silver) *Prutah (bronze/copper) ** ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bar Kochba Revolt Coinage
Bar Kokhba Revolt coinage were coins issued by the Judaean rebel state, headed by Simon Bar Kokhba, during the Bar Kokhba revolt against the Roman Empire of 132-135 CE. During the Revolt, large quantities of coins were issued in silver and copper with rebellious inscriptions, all being overstruck over foreign (mostly Roman) coins, when a file was used to remove the designs of the original coins, such as the portrait of the Roman Emperor. The undercoin can clearly be seen on some of the silver coins because they were not filed down so as not to lose the value of the silver. On the bronze coins it is very difficult to see the underlying coin because they were filed down before they were over-struck. In rare instances, the coin cracked when it was overstruck. The name "Shim'on" (likely referring to the leader of the Revolt, Shim'on (Simon) Bar Koseba) appears on all of the coins of the Bar Kochba Revolt except for a few types issued at the beginning of the Revolt with the name "E ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
First Jewish Revolt Coinage
First Jewish Revolt coinage was issued by the Jews after the Zealots captured Jerusalem and the Jewish Temple from the Romans in 66 CE at the beginning of the First Jewish Revolt. The Jewish leaders of the revolt minted their own coins to emphasize their newly obtained independence from Rome. History In the Revolt's first year (66–67 CE), the Jews minted only silver coins, which were struck from the Temple's store of silver. These coins replaced the Tyrian shekel, which had previously been used to pay the Temple tax. The newly minted silver coins included shekels, half-shekels, and quarter-shekels, each being labelled with the year of minting and their denomination. These are the first truly Jewish silver coins, and depict a chalice on the obverse with the year of the revolt above, surrounded by the ancient Hebrew inscription "Shekel of Israel". Three budding pomegranates are featured on the reverse, with the inscription "Jerusalem the Holy". During the second (67–6 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Herodian Coinage
Herodian coinage were coins minted and issued by the Herodian Dynasty, Jews of Idumean descent who ruled the province of Judaea between 37 BC–92 AD. The dynasty was founded by Herod the Great who was the son of Antipater, a powerful official under the Hasmonean King Hyrcanus II. Herod the Great 37–4 BC The coinage of Herod the Great continued the Jewish tradition of not depicting a graven image. However, a prutah of Herod was the first coin since the Persian period to depict a living creature - an eagle, which may have been an allusion to the golden eagle that Herod erected over the entrance to the Second Temple, and which caused such great offence to the Jews. Other objects depicted on coins of Herod include a winged caduceus and pomegranate ('rimmôn'), one of the seven species mentioned in the Bible as blessings to the Land of Israel, a plumed helmet and shield, a ship's stern and a palm branch. The largest denomination coin issued by Herod, bears a year ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Coins Of Alexander Jannaeus
Hasmonean coinage are the coins minted by the Hasmonean kings. Only bronze coins in various denominations have been found; the smallest being a prutah or a half prutah. Two Roman silver denarii are associated with the Hasmoneans; one has the inscription BACCIVS IVDAEAS; with its exact meaning unclear (short for "BASILEOS IUDAEAS", King Judas?). Both show a man thought to be Yehuda Aristobolus bowing before a camel with a palm branch in his hand. The Hebrew inscriptions found on Hasmonean coins are: *''"Yehochanan Kohen Gadol Chever Hayehudim"'' (Yehochanan the High Priest, Council of the Jews). *''"Yehochanan Kohen Gadol Rosh Chever Hayehudim"'' (Yehochanan the High Priest, Head of the Council of the Jews). *''"Yehonatan Kohen Gadol Chever Hayehudim"'' (Yehonatan the High Priest, Council of the Jews). *''"Yehonatan Hamelech"'' (Yehonatan the King). *''"Yehudah Kohen Gadol Chever Hayehudim"'' (Yehudah the High Priest, Council of the Jews). *''"Malka Aleksandros"'' (King Alexande ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hasmonean Coinage
Hasmonean coinage are the coins minted by the Hasmonean kings. Only bronze coins in various denominations have been found; the smallest being a prutah or a half prutah. Two Roman silver denarii are associated with the Hasmoneans; one has the inscription BACCIVS IVDAEAS; with its exact meaning unclear (short for "BASILEOS IUDAEAS", King Judas?). Both show a man thought to be Yehuda Aristobolus bowing before a camel with a palm branch in his hand. The Hebrew inscriptions found on Hasmonean coins are: *''"Yehochanan Kohen Gadol Chever Hayehudim"'' (Yehochanan the High Priest, Council of the Jews). *''"Yehochanan Kohen Gadol Rosh Chever Hayehudim"'' (Yehochanan the High Priest, Head of the Council of the Jews). *''"Yehonatan Kohen Gadol Chever Hayehudim"'' (Yehonatan the High Priest, Council of the Jews). *''"Yehonatan Hamelech"'' (Yehonatan the King). *''"Yehudah Kohen Gadol Chever Hayehudim"'' (Yehudah the High Priest, Council of the Jews). *''"Malka Aleksandros"'' (King Alexande ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Devaluation
In macroeconomics and modern monetary policy, a devaluation is an official lowering of the value of a country's currency within a fixed exchange-rate system, in which a monetary authority formally sets a lower exchange rate of the national currency in relation to a foreign reference currency or currency basket. The opposite of devaluation, a change in the exchange rate making the domestic currency more expensive, is called a ''revaluation''. A monetary authority (e.g., a central bank) maintains a fixed value of its currency by being ready to buy or sell foreign currency with the domestic currency at a stated rate; a devaluation is an indication that the monetary authority will buy and sell foreign currency at a lower rate. However, under a floating exchange rate system (in which exchange rates are determined by market forces acting on the foreign exchange market, and not by government or central bank policy actions), a decrease in a currency's value relative to other major curren ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Israeli Agora
The agora (; plural agorot ; he, אגורה, . , ') is a Denomination (currency), denomination of the currency of Israel. The Israeli currency – the Israeli new shekel, new Israeli shekel (NIS)– is divided into 100 agorot. History The name ''agora'' refers to the subunits of three distinct Israeli currencies. This name was used for the first time in 1960, when the Israeli government decided to change the subdivision of the Israeli pound ( he, לירה, ''lira'') from 1,000 Israeli pruta, prutah to 100 agorot due to the currency's depreciation. The name was suggested by the Academy of the Hebrew Language, and was borrowed from the Hebrew Bible: The term "piece of silver" appears in Hebrew as "''agorat kessef''". In 1980 the Israeli pound was replaced by the Old Israeli shekel, shekel at a rate of IL10 per IS 1. The new subdivision of the shekel was named ''agora ẖadaša'' ("new agora"). There were 100 new agorot in 1 shekel. The high rate of inflation in Israel in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
