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Provisional Office For Mass Organizational Affairs
The Provisional Office for Mass Organizational Affairs ( am, የሕዝብ ጽሕፈት ጊዜያዊ ጽሕፌት ቤት, abbreviated POMOA) was a political organization in Ethiopia active between 1975 and 1979. POMOA functioned as a forum to involve different Marxist-Leninist organizations in the revolutionary process and to politicize and organize the masses.Tiruneh, Andargachew. The Ethiopian Revolution 1974–1987 : a Transformation from an Aristocratic to a Totalitarian'. Cambridge: University of Cambridge, 1995. p. 181Haile-Selassie, Teferra. The Ethiopian Revolution, 1974–1991: From a Monarchical Autocracy to a Military Oligarchy'. London .a. Kegan Paul Internat, 1997. p. 230 Foundation POMOA was set up through a decree of the Derg military junta in December 1975.Clapham Christopher. Transformation and Continuity in Revolutionary Ethiopia'. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1988. p. 53 The existence of POMOA was publicly revealed on April 21, 1976 following the announ ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ethiopia
Ethiopia, , om, Itiyoophiyaa, so, Itoobiya, ti, ኢትዮጵያ, Ítiyop'iya, aa, Itiyoppiya officially the Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia, is a landlocked country in the Horn of Africa. It shares borders with Eritrea to the north, Djibouti to the northeast, Somalia to the east and northeast, Kenya to the south, South Sudan to the west, and Sudan to the northwest. Ethiopia has a total area of . As of 2022, it is home to around 113.5 million inhabitants, making it the 13th-most populous country in the world and the 2nd-most populous in Africa after Nigeria. The national capital and largest city, Addis Ababa, lies several kilometres west of the East African Rift that splits the country into the African and Somali tectonic plates. Anatomically modern humans emerged from modern-day Ethiopia and set out to the Near East and elsewhere in the Middle Paleolithic period. Southwestern Ethiopia has been proposed as a possible homeland of the Afroasiatic langua ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Seded
Abyotawit Seded ( am, አብዮታዊ ሰደድ, 'Revolutionary Flame', 'Seded' for short) was a communist organization in Ethiopia, formed in 1976 by a group of officers of the Derg military junta who had attended political trainings in the Soviet Union from 1975 and onwards. History Seded was set up in August 1976 by Mengistu Haile Mariam and 15 other Derg members. Mengistu was the titular chairman of Seded. The key organizer of the group was, however, Legasse Asfew (a former sergeant). The political programme of the group was elaborated at the time of its founding. Through the launching of Seded, Mengistu hoped to be able to challenge the influence of the All-Ethiopian Socialist Movement (Meison) in the urban dwellers' associations ('' kebeles'').Shinn, David H., and Thomas P. Ofcansky. Historical Dictionary of Ethiopia'. Lanham, MD: Scarecrow Press, 2004. p. 344 Seded was a clandestine group, known by the name of its publication. The existence of Seded was never publicly ackn ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Government Agencies Disestablished In 1979
A government is the system or group of people governing an organized community, generally a state. In the case of its broad associative definition, government normally consists of legislature, executive, and judiciary. Government is a means by which organizational policies are enforced, as well as a mechanism for determining policy. In many countries, the government has a kind of constitution, a statement of its governing principles and philosophy. While all types of organizations have governance, the term ''government'' is often used more specifically to refer to the approximately 200 independent national governments and subsidiary organizations. The major types of political systems in the modern era are democracies, monarchies, and authoritarian and totalitarian regimes. Historically prevalent forms of government include monarchy, aristocracy, timocracy, oligarchy, democracy, theocracy, and tyranny. These forms are not always mutually exclusive, and mixed go ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Government Agencies Established In 1975
A government is the system or group of people governing an organized community, generally a state. In the case of its broad associative definition, government normally consists of legislature, executive, and judiciary. Government is a means by which organizational policies are enforced, as well as a mechanism for determining policy. In many countries, the government has a kind of constitution, a statement of its governing principles and philosophy. While all types of organizations have governance, the term ''government'' is often used more specifically to refer to the approximately 200 independent national governments and subsidiary organizations. The major types of political systems in the modern era are democracies, monarchies, and authoritarian and totalitarian regimes. Historically prevalent forms of government include monarchy, aristocracy, timocracy, oligarchy, democracy, theocracy, and tyranny. These forms are not always mutually exclusive, and mixed governme ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Communism In Ethiopia
Ethiopia is one of the oldest countries in Africa, the emergence of Ethiopian civilization dates back thousands of years. Due to migration and imperial expansion, it grew to include many other primarily Afro-Asiatic-speaking communities, including Amhara, Oromos, Somalis, Tigray, Afars, Sidama, Gurage, Agaw and Harari, among others. One of the early kingdoms to rise to power in the territory was the kingdom of D'mt in the 10th century BC, which established its capital at Yeha. In the first century AD the Aksumite Kingdom rose to power in the Tigray Region with its capital at Aksum and grew into a major power on the Red Sea, subjugating Yemen and Meroe. In the early fourth century, during the reign of Ezana, Christianity was declared the state religion. Ezana's reign is also when the Aksumites first identified themselves as "Ethiopians", and not long after, Philostorgius became the first foreign author to call the Aksumites Ethiopians. The Aksumite empire fell into declin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1970s In Ethiopia
Year 197 ( CXCVII) was a common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar. At the time, it was known as the Year of the Consulship of Magius and Rufinus (or, less frequently, year 950 '' Ab urbe condita''). The denomination 197 for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar era became the prevalent method in Europe for naming years. Events By place Roman Empire * February 19 – Battle of Lugdunum: Emperor Septimius Severus defeats the self-proclaimed emperor Clodius Albinus at Lugdunum (modern Lyon). Albinus commits suicide; legionaries sack the town. * Septimius Severus returns to Rome and has about 30 of Albinus's supporters in the Senate executed. After his victory he declares himself the adopted son of the late Marcus Aurelius. * Septimius Severus forms new naval units, manning all the triremes in Italy with heavily armed troops for war in the East. His soldiers embark ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Commission For Organizing The Party Of The Working People Of Ethiopia
The Commission for Organizing the Party of the Working People of Ethiopia ( am, የኢትዮጵያ ሰራተኞች ፓርቲ አደራጅ ኮሚሽን, translit=ye’ītiyop’iya seratenyochi paritī āderaji komīshini), generally known by its English acronym COPWE, was a political organization in Ethiopia during the rule of the Derg.Clapham Christopher. Transformation and Continuity in Revolutionary Ethiopia'. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1988. p. 69 COPWE was a preparty organization; it had the task of preparing the Ethiopian people for creation of a communist party.Mammo, Tirfe. The Paradox of Africa's Poverty: The Role of Indigenous Knowledge, Traditional Practices and Local Institutions: the Case of Ethiopia'. Lawrenceville, NJ .a. Red Sea Press, 1999. p. 126 In the absence of a communist party, COPWE functioned as a temporary replacement of the party that it would create. Founding The founding of COPWE was preceded by the banning of political organizations. Abra ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Abdullahi Yousuf
Abdullahi Yousuf (died 1977) was an Oromo politician, a member of the All-Ethiopian Socialist Movement (''Meison'').- Abdullahi Yousuf was active in the leftist Union of Ethiopian Students in Europe, along with Haile Fida. During their student years Haile Fida and Abdullahi Yousuf made significant contributions to the development of Afaan Oromoo as a written language. During the early years of the Ethiopian Revolution, he was appointed head of the Provisional Office for Mass Organizational Affairs in Hararghe. As a POMOA leader, he disarmed Shoan Christian settlers and implemented land reform in Hararghe. Abdullahi Yousuf was killed in August 1977 during a visit to Addis Ababa. The murder occurred in the midst of the break between Meison and the Derg The Derg (also spelled Dergue; , ), officially the Provisional Military Administrative Council (PMAC), was the military junta that ruled Ethiopia, then including present-day Eritrea, from 1974 to 1987, when the military lea ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hararghe
Hararghe ( am, ሐረርጌ ''Harärge''; Harari language, Harari: ሀረርጌይ ''Harärgeyi'', Oromo language, Oromo: Harargee, so, Xararge) was a provinces of Ethiopia, province of eastern Ethiopia with its capital in Harar. History Hararghe translates to "land of the Hararis". The region consisted mostly of the territory of the Emirate of Harar annexed by Menelik II in 1887. Including Ethiopia's part of the Ogaden, Haraghe was bounded on west by Shewa, northwest by Wollo Province, northeast by French Somaliland and Somaliland, and on the east by Somalia. Originally however Hararghe included the Sidamo Province, Sidamo, Bale Province, Ethiopia, Bale and Arsi Province until Haile Selassie split the provinces. Hararghe was the historical homeland of the Harla people. Hararghe was altered as a result of Proclamation 1943/1, which created twelve ''taklai ghizat''s from the existing 42 provinces of varying sizes. A comparison of the two maps in Margary Perham, ''The Government o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Red Terror (Ethiopia)
Qey Shibir or Kay Shibbir (), also known as the Ethiopian Red Terror, was a violent political repression campaign of the Derg against other competing Marxist-Leninist groups in Ethiopia and present-day Eritrea from 1976 to 1978. The Qey Shibir was an attempt to consolidate Derg rule during the political instability after their overthrow of Emperor Haile Selassie in 1974 and the subsequent Ethiopian Civil War. The Qey Shibir was based on the Red Terror of the Russian Civil War, and most visibly took place after Mengistu Haile Mariam became chairman of the Derg on 3 February 1977. It is estimated that 10,000 to 750,000 people were killed over the course of the Qey Shibir.US admits helping Mengistu escape |
Kebele
A ward ( am, ቀበሌ; om, Araddaa; ) is the smallest administrative unit of Ethiopia: a ward, a neighbourhood or a localized and delimited group of people. It is part of a district, itself usually part of a zone, which in turn are grouped into one of the regions or two chartered cities that comprise the Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia. Each ward consists of at least 500 families, or the equivalent of 3,500 to 4,000 persons. There is at least one in every town with more than 2,000 population. A district's representative had jurisdiction over to ward. The ward, also referred to as a peasant association, was created by the Derg in 1975 to promote development and to manage land reform; they became a key element that the rival Ethiopian People's Revolutionary Party and MEISON fought each other, and the ruling Derg, to control during the Ethiopian Red Terror. The wards were retained as administrative units by the Transitional Government of Ethiopia upon the conclusion of th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Echat
''Echat'' (Amharic: ኢጭአት, acronym for የኢትዮጵያ ጭቁኖች አብዮታዊ ትግል, 'Ethiopian Oppressed People's Revolutionary Struggle') was a communist organization in Ethiopia.Clapham Christopher. Transformation and Continuity in Revolutionary Ethiopia'. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1988. p. 55 The organization was active between 1975 and 1978. The organization emerged from a split away from the All-Ethiopian Socialist Movement (MEISON). Echat was initially allied with the Derg military junta, but later turned against it. Structure and background Echat was led by Baro Tumsa. Tesfaye Habiso was the secretary of Echat. The organization consisted of groups representing different oppressed nationalities. Echat portrayed itself as a pan-Ethiopian movement. Its membership was largely Oromo, it found its following amongst urban Oromo population.Eide, Oeyvind. Revolution and Religion in Ethiopia: Growth and Persecution of the Mekane Yesus Church, 1974-85 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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