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Protocoleoptera
The Protocoleoptera are a paraphyletic group of extinct beetles, containing the earliest and most primitive lineages of beetles. They represented the dominant group of beetles during the Permian, but were largely replaced by modern beetle groups during the following Triassic. Protocoleopterans typically possess prognathous (horizontal) heads, distinctive elytra with regular window punctures, culticles with tubercles or scales, as well as a primitive pattern of ventral sclerites, similar to the modern archostematan families Ommatidae and Cupedidae. They are thought to have been xylophagous and wood boring. Kirejtshuk ''et al.'' (2014) argue that the name "Protocoleoptera" should not be used for the group, as Protocoleoptera was originally proposed for the family Protocoleidae , now considered a member of the extinct order Protelytroptera (a stem-group of the modern Dermaptera Earwigs make up the insect order Dermaptera. With about 2,000 species in 12 families, they are ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Protocoleoptera
The Protocoleoptera are a paraphyletic group of extinct beetles, containing the earliest and most primitive lineages of beetles. They represented the dominant group of beetles during the Permian, but were largely replaced by modern beetle groups during the following Triassic. Protocoleopterans typically possess prognathous (horizontal) heads, distinctive elytra with regular window punctures, culticles with tubercles or scales, as well as a primitive pattern of ventral sclerites, similar to the modern archostematan families Ommatidae and Cupedidae. They are thought to have been xylophagous and wood boring. Kirejtshuk ''et al.'' (2014) argue that the name "Protocoleoptera" should not be used for the group, as Protocoleoptera was originally proposed for the family Protocoleidae , now considered a member of the extinct order Protelytroptera (a stem-group of the modern Dermaptera Earwigs make up the insect order Dermaptera. With about 2,000 species in 12 families, they are ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Protelytroptera
Protelytroptera is an extinct order of insects thought to be a stem group from which the modern Dermaptera evolved. These insects, which resemble modern Blattodea, or Cockroaches, are known from the Permian of North America, Europe and Australia, from the fossils of their shell-like forewings and the large, unequal, anal fan. None of their fossils are known from the Triassic The Triassic ( ) is a geologic period and system (stratigraphy), system which spans 50.6 million years from the end of the Permian Period 251.902 million years ago (Year#Abbreviations yr and ya, Mya), to the beginning of the Jurassic Period 201.36 ..., when the morphological changes from Protelytroptera to Dermaptera presumably took place. References Polyneoptera Extinct insect orders Earwigs Earwig taxonomy Permian insects {{permian-insect-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Beetle
Beetles are insects that form the order Coleoptera (), in the superorder Endopterygota. Their front pair of wings are hardened into wing-cases, elytra, distinguishing them from most other insects. The Coleoptera, with about 400,000 described species, is the largest of all orders, constituting almost 40% of described insects and 25% of all known animal life-forms; new species are discovered frequently, with estimates suggesting that there are between 0.9 and 2.1 million total species. Found in almost every habitat except the sea and the polar regions, they interact with their ecosystems in several ways: beetles often feed on plants and fungi, break down animal and plant debris, and eat other invertebrates. Some species are serious agricultural pests, such as the Colorado potato beetle, while others such as Coccinellidae (ladybirds or ladybugs) eat aphids, scale insects, thrips, and other plant-sucking insects that damage crops. Beetles typically have a particularly hard e ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Permosynidae
Permosynidae is a family of Protocoleopteran beetle in the superfamily Permosynoidea. The family lived between the Late Permian and Late Jurassic and lived in Russia and Mongolia.A. G. Ponomarenko, D. S. Aristov, A. S. Bashkuev, Yu. M. Gubin, A. V. Khramov, E. D. Lukashevich, Yu. A. Popov, L. N. Pritykina, S. M. Sinitsa, N. D. Sinitshenkova, I. D. Sukatsheva, D. V. Vassilenko, E. V. Yan (2014). "Upper Jurassic Lagerstätte Shar Teg, southwestern Mongolia". Paleontological Journal 48 (14): 1573–1682. doi:10.1134/S0031030114140160.A. G. Ponomarenko (2015). "New beetles (Insecta, Coleoptera) from the Nedubrovo locality, terminal Permian or basal Triassic of European Russia". Paleontological Journal 49 (1): 39–50. doi:10.1134/S0031030115010098. Species that were discovered in 2014 include '' Artematopodites latissimus'', '' Platycrossos latus'', '' Platycrossos longus'', '' Platycrossos loxonicus'', '' Platycrossos mongolicus'', '' Platycrossos ovum'' and '' Dzeregia platis''. Sp ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Archostemata
The Archostemata are the smallest suborder of beetles, consisting 45 living species in five families. They are an ancient lineage with a number of primitive characteristics. Antennae may be thread-shaped (filiform) or like a string of beads (moniliform). This suborder also contains the only beetles where both sexes are paedogenic, ''Micromalthus debilis''. Modern archostematan beetles are considered rare, but were more diverse during the Mesozoic. The term "Archostemata" is used more broadly by some authors to include both modern archostematans as well as stem-group beetles like " protocoleopterans", which some modern archostematans closely resemble to due to their plesiomorphic morphology. Genetic research suggests that modern archostematans are a monophyletic group. Some genetic studies have recovered archostematans as the sister group of Myxophaga. Taxonomy There are five extant families. * Family Crowsoniellidae Iablokoff-Khnzorian, 1983 * Family Cupedidae Laporte, 1838 * F ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Permocupedidae
Permocupedidae is a family of Protocoleopteran stem group beetles. They first appeared during the Early Permian, and were one of the dominant groups of beetles during the Middle Permian. They became rare in the Late Permian, with only one species known from the Triassic, '' Frankencupes ultimus'' from the Middle Triassic (Anisian) Röt Formation of Germany. They are thought to have been xylophagous (wood eating), which is presumed to be the ancestral ecology of beetles. Taxonomy Kirejtshuk (2020) included the following genera in an expanded (''sensu lato'') family, with the traditional (''sensu stricto'') Permocupedidae and related Taldycupedidae as subfamilies Permocupedinae and Taldycupedinae respectively. However, other studies have recovered Talycupedidae as more closely related to crown-group beetles than to Permocupedidae. *'' Afrocupes'' South Africa: Western Cape (Kenmoore Farm), Whitehill Formation, Permian, Cisuralian, Sakmarian/Artinskian, −290.1–279.5 Ma. * ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ademosynidae
Ademosynidae is an extinct family of beetles in the order Coleoptera Beetles are insects that form the order Coleoptera (), in the superorder Endopterygota. Their front pair of wings are hardened into wing-cases, elytra, distinguishing them from most other insects. The Coleoptera, with about 400,000 describ .... There are about 10 genera and more than 40 described species in Ademosynidae. Genera These 10 genera belong to the family Ademosynidae: * † '' Ademosyne'' Handlirsch, 1906 * † '' Atalosyne'' Ren, 1995 * † '' Cephalosyne'' Ponomarenko, 1969 * † '' Chaocoleus'' Ponomarenko, Yan & Huang, 2014 * † '' Dolichosyne'' Ponomarenko, 1969 * † '' Eremisyne'' Wang 1998 * † '' Gnathosyne'' Ponomarenko, 1969 * † '' Grammositum'' Dunstan 1923 * † '' Petrosyne'' Ponomarenko, 1969 * † '' Sphaerosyne'' Ponomarenko, 1969 References Permosynoidea Beetle families Prehistoric insect families {{Paleo-beetle-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Andrey Vasilyevich Martynov
Andrey Vasilyevich Martynov (russian: Андрей Васильевич Мартынов; 21 August 1879 – 29 January 1938) was a Russian Empire and Soviet entomologist and palaeontologist, a founder of the Russian palaeoentomological school. Originally interested in caddisflies and crustaceans, he later turned his attention to the study of the extensive fossil insect deposits in the territory of the newly established Soviet Union (e.g. Karatau and Sayan Mountains). He was able to interpret fossil insects in terms of comparative morphology of recent species, and his description of the evolutionary relationships of the various insect orders was ahead of its time. A number of major lineages that he proposed are still accepted in current insect Insects (from Latin ') are pancrustacean hexapod invertebrates of the class Insecta. They are the largest group within the arthropod phylum. Insects have a chitinous exoskeleton, a three-part body ( head, thorax and abdo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
