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Proterotherium
''Proterotherium'' (meaning "first beast") is an extinct genus of litoptern mammal of the family Proterotheriidae that lived during the Late Miocene of Argentina and Chile. Fossils of this genus have been found in the Ituzaingó Formation of Argentina, and the Galera Formation of Chile. Classification The genus ''Proterotherium'' was first described by Florentino Ameghino in 1883, on the basis of fossil remains found in Upper Miocene deposits in Patagonia. The type species is ''Proterotherium cervioides''. Numerous other species have been ascribed to this genus, many of which come from lower-middle Miocene deposits, such as ''P. americanum'', ''P. australe'', ''P. brachygnathum'', ''P. cavum'', ''P. cingulatum'', ''P. curtidens'', ''P. dichotomum'' , ''P. divortium'', ''P. gradatum'', ''P. intermedium'', ''P. karaikense'', ''P. mixtum'', ''P. nitens'', ''P. perpolitum'', ''P. politum'', ''P. main'', and ''P. pyramidatum''. However, many of these species are now considered to be ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tetramerorhinus
''Tetramerorhinus'' is an extinct genus of proterotheriid litoptern that lived during the Early and Middle Miocene in what is now Argentina and Peru. Description This animal resembled a small horse, with slender, elongated legs. The body was approximately a meter long, and it is supposed to have weighed between 30 to 50 kilograms. The skull had a relatively elongated snout, with nasal bones longer than ''Diadiaphorus'' and with less developed upper incisors. The orbits were positioned near the middle of the skull. The molars had lower crowns than those of more derived proterotheriids, such as ''Proterotherium''. The endocranial cast of a specimen of ''Tetramerorhinus lucarius'' has been preserved, which allowed to reconstruct certain structures of the animal's brain. The brain was quite large relatively to the size of the skull, due to the development, especially in the anterior part, of the neocortex, and to the complexity of the cerebellum. The olfactory lobes were small and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Huayquerian
The Huayquerian ( es, Huayqueriense) age is a period of geologic time (9.0–6.8 Ma) within the Late Miocene epoch of the Neogene, used more specifically within the SALMA classification. It follows the Mayoan and precedes the Montehermosan age. Etymology The age is named after the Huayquerías Formation in the western Cuyo Basin of northwestern Argentina that was later dated to the Montehermosan. The most complete Huayquerian fauna is found in the Cerro Azul Formation The Cerro Azul Formation ( es, Formación Cerro Azul), in the Buenos Aires Province also described as Epecuén Formation, is a geological formation of Late Miocene (Tortonian, or Huayquerian in the SALMA classification) age in the Colorado Basin ..., in Buenos Aires Province also referred to as Epecuén Formation. Formations Fossil content Correlations Notes and references Notes References Bibliography ;Huayquerías Formation * * ;Andalhuala Formation * ;Camacho Formation * * ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Anisolophus Minusculus
''Anisolophus'' is an extinct genus of proterotheriid from the Early to Middle Miocene of Argentina. The genus was named by Burmeister in 1885 to accommodate the species ''Anchitherium australe'', which they had named earlier in 1879. Soria then referred the species ''Licaphrium floweri'' and ''Anisolophus minisculus'' to the genus, making ''Licaphrium'', named in 1887 by Florentino Ameghino, a junior synonym of the genus. Both ''A. australis'' and ''A. floweri'' are known from the Santacrucian age Santa Cruz Formation, while ''A. minisculus'' is known from the Collón Curá Formation. ''Anisolophus'' is considered the senior synonym of the genus ''Licaphrium'', which was named in 1887 by Ameghino for the species ''L. floweri'', now ''A. floweri''. Many other species of ''Licaphrium'' were named, many of which are considered synonyms of ''A. floweri'', ''Tetramerorhinus'', ''Neobrachytherium'', or '' Lophogonodon'', as well as the dubious Doubt is a mental state in which the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Anisolophus Australis
''Anisolophus'' is an extinct genus of proterotheriid from the Early to Middle Miocene of Argentina. The genus was named by Burmeister in 1885 to accommodate the species ''Anchitherium australe'', which they had named earlier in 1879. Soria then referred the species ''Licaphrium floweri'' and ''Anisolophus minisculus'' to the genus, making ''Licaphrium'', named in 1887 by Florentino Ameghino, a junior synonym of the genus. Both ''A. australis'' and ''A. floweri'' are known from the Santacrucian age Santa Cruz Formation, while ''A. minisculus'' is known from the Collón Curá Formation. ''Anisolophus'' is considered the senior synonym of the genus ''Licaphrium'', which was named in 1887 by Ameghino for the species ''L. floweri'', now ''A. floweri''. Many other species of ''Licaphrium'' were named, many of which are considered synonyms of ''A. floweri'', ''Tetramerorhinus'', ''Neobrachytherium'', or '' Lophogonodon'', as well as the dubious Doubt is a mental state in which the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Anisolophus Floweri
''Anisolophus'' is an extinct genus of proterotheriid from the Early to Middle Miocene of Argentina. The genus was named by Burmeister in 1885 to accommodate the species ''Anchitherium australe'', which they had named earlier in 1879. Soria then referred the species ''Licaphrium floweri'' and ''Anisolophus minisculus'' to the genus, making ''Licaphrium'', named in 1887 by Florentino Ameghino, a junior synonym of the genus. Both ''A. australis'' and ''A. floweri'' are known from the Santacrucian age Santa Cruz Formation, while ''A. minisculus'' is known from the Collón Curá Formation. ''Anisolophus'' is considered the senior synonym of the genus ''Licaphrium'', which was named in 1887 by Ameghino for the species ''L. floweri'', now ''A. floweri''. Many other species of ''Licaphrium'' were named, many of which are considered synonyms of ''A. floweri'', ''Tetramerorhinus'', ''Neobrachytherium'', or '' Lophogonodon'', as well as the dubious Doubt is a mental state in which the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Proterotheriidae
Proterotheriidae is an extinction, extinct family of fossil ungulates from the Cenozoic era that displays toe reduction. Despite resembling primitive, small horses, they were only distantly related to them, and instead belonged to the native South American ungulate order Litopterna. Description Two subfamilies and 18 genera of Proterotheriidae are known. All forms were small or medium-sized. Typical is a reduction of the number of toes and brachydont or mesodont teeth. The family is recorded since the late Palaeocene. Various fossils are known from many parts of the South American continent. The diversity decreased in the Miocene to Pliocene and it has been assumed for a long time that they entirely disappeared in the late Pliocene. However, fossils found in Argentina, Brazil and Uruguay show that one member of the group, ''Neolicaphrium recens'' survived into the Late Lujanian, Pleistocene. Better known genera of the family include ''Diadiaphorus'' and ''Thoatherium'' from th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ituzaingó Formation
The Ituzaingó Formation ( es, Formación Ituzaingó), in older literature also described as Entre Ríos or Entrerriana Formation, is an extensive geological formation of Late Miocene (Tortonian, or Huayquerian in the SALMA classification) age in the Paraná Basin of the Corrientes, Santa Fe and Entre Ríos Provinces in Mesopotamia, northeastern Argentina.Ituzaingó Formation at .org The formation comprises s, cross-bedded |
Villarroelia
''Villarroelia'' is an extinct genus of proterotheriid from the Middle Miocene of Colombia. Etymology The genus name, ''Villarroelia'' refers to the paleontologist Carlos Villarroel, for his contributions to the understanding of prehistoric South American mammals, while the specific name, ''V. toyotoi'' refers to the indigenous chief Toyotó, whose tribe was present in the area of the Villavieja River, in the present-day Huila Department in Colombia, where its fossils were discovered in sediments corresponding to the La Victoria Formation, belonging to the Honda Group of the Middle Miocene.Cifelli, R. L. and Guerrero, J. (1997). Litopterns. In: ''Vertebrate Paleontology in the Neotropics: The Miocene Fauna of La Venta, Colombia'' (R. Kay, R. H. Madden, R. L. Cifelli, and J. J. Flynn, eds.). Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington and London, 289-302. Description This animal is known from the holotype specimen IGM 250965, a partial skull lacking the anterior rostrum, althoug ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Paramacrauchenia
''Paramacrauchenia'' is an extinct genus of proterotheriid litopterns from the Early Miocene of what is now Argentina and Chile. Its fossils have been found in the Sarmiento and Santa Cruz Formations of Argentina and Chile. Taxonomy ''Paramacrauchenia'' was originally assigned to the family Macraucheniidae, however, recent studies now consider it a member of the family Proterotheriidae, where it is found to be a derived member, closely related to ''Lambdaconus ''Lambdaconus'' is a genus of proterotheriid from the Late Oligocene to Early Miocene of Argentina. The type species is ''L. suinus'', named in 1897 by Ameghino, with referred species including ''L. lacerum'', named as ''Proterotherium ''Prot ...''. Below is a phylogenetic tree of the Proterotheriidae, based on the work of McGrath ''et al''. 2020. References Proterotheriids Miocene mammals of South America Colhuehuapian Santacrucian Neogene Argentina Fossils of Argentina Neogene Chile Fossils of Chi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Prolicaphrium Specillatum
''Prolicaphrium'' is an extinct genus of proterotheriid litoptern that lived during the Early Miocene, in what is now Argentina. Fossils have been found in the Sarmiento Formation of Argentina. Description This animal may have been vaguely similar to a small horse, and, even if it is only known from incomplete fossils, it is possible to hypothesize on its appearance thanks to the comparison with its better-known relatives, such as ''Thoatherium'', ''Proterotherium'' and ''Diadiaphorus''. Compared to the latter, ''Prolicaphrium'' was more basal, especially regarding its molars : the six primary denticles were well developed and independent. The last molar had a reduced posterior lobe both in its external and internal parts. ''Prolicaphrium'' was also characterized by a skull with very elongated nasal bones pointing forward, to the contrary of the previously mentioned genera. Classification ''Prolicaphrium'' is a member of the Proterotheriidae, a family of litopterns with a bui ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lambdaconus Lacerum
''Lambdaconus'' is a genus of proterotheriid from the Late Oligocene to Early Miocene of Argentina. The type species is ''L. suinus'', named in 1897 by Ameghino, with referred species including ''L. lacerum'', named as ''Proterotherium ''Proterotherium'' (meaning "first beast") is an extinct genus of litoptern mammal of the family Proterotheriidae that lived during the Late Miocene of Argentina and Chile. Fossils of this genus have been found in the Ituzaingó Formation of Arge ... lacerum'' in 1902 by Ameghino, and ''L. inaqeuifacies''. References {{Taxonbar, from=Q111838995 Proterotheriids Oligocene mammals of South America Miocene mammals of South America Paleogene Argentina Neogene Argentina Fossils of Argentina Colhuehuapian Deseadan Fossil taxa described in 1897 Taxa named by Florentino Ameghino Prehistoric placental genera Golfo San Jorge Basin Sarmiento Formation ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lambdaconus Inaequifacies
''Lambdaconus'' is a genus of proterotheriid from the Late Oligocene to Early Miocene of Argentina. The type species is ''L. suinus'', named in 1897 by Ameghino, with referred species including ''L. lacerum'', named as ''Proterotherium ''Proterotherium'' (meaning "first beast") is an extinct genus of litoptern mammal of the family Proterotheriidae that lived during the Late Miocene of Argentina and Chile. Fossils of this genus have been found in the Ituzaingó Formation of Arge ... lacerum'' in 1902 by Ameghino, and ''L. inaqeuifacies''. References {{Taxonbar, from=Q111838995 Proterotheriids Oligocene mammals of South America Miocene mammals of South America Paleogene Argentina Neogene Argentina Fossils of Argentina Colhuehuapian Deseadan Fossil taxa described in 1897 Taxa named by Florentino Ameghino Prehistoric placental genera Golfo San Jorge Basin Sarmiento Formation ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
