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Probactrosaurus Gobiensis
''Probactrosaurus'' (meaning "before ''Bactrosaurus''") is an early herbivorous hadrosauroid iguanodont dinosaur. It lived in China during the Late Cretaceous period. Discovery and species In 1959 and 1960 a Soviet-Chinese expedition uncovered the remains of a euornithopod in Inner Mongolia near Maortu. The type species is ''Probactrosaurus gobiensis'', described and named by A. K. Rozhdestvensky in 1966. The generic name refers to Rozhdestvensky's hypothesis that ''Probactrosaurus'' would be the direct ancestor of ''Bactrosaurus'', a notion now discarded. The specific name refers to the Gobi desert. The holotype specimen, PIN 2232/1, a partial skeleton with skull, was found in layers of the Dashuigou Formation. Another partial skeleton, PIN 2232-10, was found along with numerous other fragments. In 1966 Rozhdestvensky also named a second species, ''Probactrosaurus alashanicus'', based on fragmentary material. Its specific name refers to the Alxa League. In 2002 David B. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Late Cretaceous
The Late Cretaceous (100.5–66 Ma) is the younger of two epochs into which the Cretaceous Period is divided in the geologic time scale. Rock strata from this epoch form the Upper Cretaceous Series. The Cretaceous is named after ''creta'', the Latin word for the white limestone known as chalk. The chalk of northern France and the white cliffs of south-eastern England date from the Cretaceous Period. Climate During the Late Cretaceous, the climate was warmer than present, although throughout the period a cooling trend is evident. The tropics became restricted to equatorial regions and northern latitudes experienced markedly more seasonal climatic conditions. Geography Due to plate tectonics, the Americas were gradually moving westward, causing the Atlantic Ocean to expand. The Western Interior Seaway divided North America into eastern and western halves; Appalachia and Laramidia. India maintained a northward course towards Asia. In the Southern Hemisphere, Australia and Ant ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Holotype
A holotype is a single physical example (or illustration) of an organism, known to have been used when the species (or lower-ranked taxon) was formally described. It is either the single such physical example (or illustration) or one of several examples, but explicitly designated as the holotype. Under the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature (ICZN), a holotype is one of several kinds of name-bearing types. In the International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants (ICN) and ICZN, the definitions of types are similar in intent but not identical in terminology or underlying concept. For example, the holotype for the butterfly '' Plebejus idas longinus'' is a preserved specimen of that subspecies, held by the Museum of Comparative Zoology at Harvard University. In botany, an isotype is a duplicate of the holotype, where holotype and isotypes are often pieces from the same individual plant or samples from the same gathering. A holotype is not necessarily "typ ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Herbivore
A herbivore is an animal anatomically and physiologically adapted to eating plant material, for example foliage or marine algae, for the main component of its diet. As a result of their plant diet, herbivorous animals typically have mouthparts adapted to rasping or grinding. Horses and other herbivores have wide flat teeth that are adapted to grinding grass, tree bark, and other tough plant material. A large percentage of herbivores have mutualistic gut flora that help them digest plant matter, which is more difficult to digest than animal prey. This flora is made up of cellulose-digesting protozoans or bacteria. Etymology Herbivore is the anglicized form of a modern Latin coinage, ''herbivora'', cited in Charles Lyell's 1830 ''Principles of Geology''.J.A. Simpson and E.S.C. Weiner, eds. (2000) ''The Oxford English Dictionary'', vol. 8, p. 155. Richard Owen employed the anglicized term in an 1854 work on fossil teeth and skeletons. ''Herbivora'' is derived from Latin ''herba' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Probactrosaurus V3
''Probactrosaurus'' (meaning "before ''Bactrosaurus''") is an early herbivorous hadrosauroid iguanodont dinosaur. It lived in China during the Late Cretaceous period. Discovery and species In 1959 and 1960 a Soviet-Chinese expedition uncovered the remains of a euornithopod in Inner Mongolia near Maortu. The type species is ''Probactrosaurus gobiensis'', described and named by A. K. Rozhdestvensky in 1966. The generic name refers to Rozhdestvensky's hypothesis that ''Probactrosaurus'' would be the direct ancestor of ''Bactrosaurus'', a notion now discarded. The specific name refers to the Gobi desert. The holotype specimen, PIN 2232/1, a partial skeleton with skull, was found in layers of the Dashuigou Formation. Another partial skeleton, PIN 2232-10, was found along with numerous other fragments. In 1966 Rozhdestvensky also named a second species, ''Probactrosaurus alashanicus'', based on fragmentary material. Its specific name refers to the Alxa League. In 2002 David B. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Probactrosaurus Scale
''Probactrosaurus'' (meaning "before ''Bactrosaurus''") is an early herbivorous hadrosauroid iguanodont dinosaur. It lived in China during the Late Cretaceous Period (geology), period. Discovery and species In 1959 and 1960 a Soviet-Chinese expedition uncovered the remains of a euornithopoda, euornithopod in Inner Mongolia near Maortu. The type species is ''Probactrosaurus gobiensis'', described and named by Anatoly Konstantinovich Rozhdestvensky, A. K. Rozhdestvensky in 1966 in paleontology, 1966. The generic name refers to Rozhdestvensky's hypothesis that ''Probactrosaurus'' would be the direct ancestor of ''Bactrosaurus'', a notion now discarded. The specific name (zoology), specific name refers to the Gobi desert. The holotype specimen, PIN 2232/1, a partial skeleton with skull, was found in layers of the Dashuigou Formation. Another partial skeleton, PIN 2232-10, was found along with numerous other fragments. In 1966 Rozhdestvensky also named a second species, ''Probactro ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gongpoquansaurus
''Gongpoquansaurus'' (meaning "Gongpoquan reptile") is an extinct genus of basal hadrosauroid dinosaur that was not formally named until 2014, while the name was a ''nomen nudum'' for many years previously. It is known from IVPP V.11333, a partial skull and postcranial skeleton. It was collected in 1992 at locality IVPP 9208–21, from the Albian Zhonggou Formation (Xinminpu Group), in Mazongshan, Gansu Province, China. The specimen was first described and named by Lü Junchang in 1997 as the third species of ''Probactrosaurus'', ''Probactrosaurus mazongshanensis''.Lü J., 1997, "A new Iguanodontidae (''Probactrosaurus mazongshanensis'' sp. nov.) from Mazongshan area, Gansu Province, China", In: Z. Dong (ed.), ''Sino-Japanese Silk Road Dinosaur Expedition''. China Ocean Press, Beijing pp. 27-47 Following its description, several studies found it to be less derived than the type species of ''Probactrosaurus'' in relation to Hadrosauridae Hadrosaurids (), or duck-billed dinosau ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Altirhinus
''Altirhinus'' (; "high snout") is a genus of hadrosauroid ornithopod dinosaur from the Early Cretaceous period of Mongolia. History of discovery All known specimens of ''Altirhinus'' were recovered in 1981 during collaborative expeditions organized by Soviet and Mongolian scientists, from the Khuren Dukh Formation in the Dornogovi Province of Mongolia. The Khukhtek was formed in the Aptian to Albian stages of the Early Cretaceous Period, which lasted from between 125 and 100.5 million years ago. ''Psittacosaurus'' and the primitive ankylosaurid ''Shamosaurus'' have also been found in these rocks. Several fossil specimens of different ages and sizes are known. The holotype, PIN 3386/8, is a skull, which is well preserved on the left side, as well as some postcranial material consisting of pieces of the hands, feet, shoulder and pelvic girdles. A more fragmentary skull was also recovered, associated with some ribs, fragmentary vertebrae, and a complete forelimb. A third specimen p ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Equijubus
''Equijubus'' (; ''Mǎzōng'' meaning "horse mane" after the area Mǎzōng Mountain 马鬃山 in which it was found), is a genus of herbivorous hadrosauroid dinosaur from the Early Cretaceous (Albian stage) of northwestern China. Discovery and naming The type (and only known) specimen was found in the summer of 2000 by a Chinese-American expedition in the Mazong (= "horse mane") Shan area of China's Gansu Province.You, Luo, Shubin, Witmer, Tang and Tang (2003). "The earliest-known duck-billed dinosaur from deposits of late Early Cretaceous age in northwest China and hadrosaurid evolution." ''Cretaceous Research'', 24: 347-353. In 2002 You Hialu in a dissertation named and described the species ''Equijubus normani''. The generic name is derived from Latin ''equus'', "horse", and ''juba'', "mane". The specific epithet "normani" is in honour of British palaeontologist David B. Norman. However, such a ''nomen ex dissertatione'' does not constitute a valid name. The type ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mazong Shan
The Mǎzōng Shān () is a minor mountain range of Subei Mongol Autonomous County, Jiuquan, northern Gansu, China, between the Altay range to the north and the Qilian range to the south. The Mǎzōng Shān peak rises to 2584 m. Climate Mount Mazong has a cold desert climate (Köppen climate classification ''BWk''). Gallery File:Txu-pclmaps-oclc-8607404-mongolia-west.jpg, Map including Mazong Mountain (labeled as MATSZUN SHAN) and surrounding areas (1935) File:Gongpoquansaurus mazongshanensis.jpg, Hadrosauroid Dinosaur skeleton found on (and named for) Mazongshan: '' Gongpoquansaurus mazongshanensis''. References See also * Equijubus * Xinminbao Group The Xīnmínbǎo Group () is a group of geological formations in north central China. They occur across a large depression (geology), depression between the Altai mountains of Mongolia to the north and the Qilian Shan, Qilian mountains of the Qing ... Mountain ranges of China Landforms of Gansu {{Gansu-geo-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lü Junchang
Lü Junchang (; 1965 – 9 October 2018) was a Chinese palaeontologist and professor at the Institute of Geology, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences. An expert on Mesozoic reptiles, he described and named dozens of dinosaur and pterosaur taxa including ''Tongtianlong'', ''Qianzhousaurus'', ''Heyuannia'', '' Gannansaurus'', ''Yunnanosaurus youngi'', and ''Darwinopterus.'' Biography Lü was born in 1965. He graduated from Lanzhou University in 1989 with a bachelor's degree in geology. He studied at the Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology (IVPP) of the Chinese Academy of Sciences from 1997 to 2000 and earned his master's degree. He subsequently went to the United States to study at the Department of Earth Sciences at the Southern Methodist University, earning his Ph.D. in 2004. Lü began working for the Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences in July 2004, initially as a postdoctoral researcher, then as associate professor and eventually as professor and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Beijing
} Beijing ( ; ; ), alternatively romanized as Peking ( ), is the capital of the People's Republic of China. It is the center of power and development of the country. Beijing is the world's most populous national capital city, with over 21 million residents. It has an administrative area of , the third in the country after Guangzhou and Shanghai. It is located in Northern China, and is governed as a municipality under the direct administration of the State Council with 16 urban, suburban, and rural districts.Figures based on 2006 statistics published in 2007 National Statistical Yearbook of China and available online at archive. Retrieved 21 April 2009. Beijing is mostly surrounded by Hebei Province with the exception of neighboring Tianjin to the southeast; together, the three divisions form the Jingjinji megalopolis and the national capital region of China. Beijing is a global city and one of the world's leading centres for culture, diplomacy, politics, finance, busi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Moscow
Moscow ( , US chiefly ; rus, links=no, Москва, r=Moskva, p=mɐskˈva, a=Москва.ogg) is the capital and largest city of Russia. The city stands on the Moskva River in Central Russia, with a population estimated at 13.0 million residents within the city limits, over 17 million residents in the urban area, and over 21.5 million residents in the metropolitan area. The city covers an area of , while the urban area covers , and the metropolitan area covers over . Moscow is among the world's largest cities; being the most populous city entirely in Europe, the largest urban and metropolitan area in Europe, and the largest city by land area on the European continent. First documented in 1147, Moscow grew to become a prosperous and powerful city that served as the capital of the Grand Duchy that bears its name. When the Grand Duchy of Moscow evolved into the Tsardom of Russia, Moscow remained the political and economic center for most of the Tsardom's history. When th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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