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Pretenders To The Throne Of Parma
This is a list of pretenders to the throne of the Duchy of Parma, which was ruled by the House of Bourbon-Parma until 1859, when the ducal family escaped after the Italian national insurrection linked to the Second Italian War of Independence The Second Italian War of Independence, also called the Franco-Austrian War, the Austro-Sardinian War or Italian War of 1859 ( it, Seconda guerra d'indipendenza italiana; french: Campagne d'Italie), was fought by the Second French Empire and t .... List of pretenders References *{{cite web, url=http://borboneparma.it/index.php/it/, title=Reale e Ducale Casa di Borbone, date=, accessdate=23 June 2017 House of Bourbon-Parma Duchy of Parma ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pretender
A pretender is someone who claims to be the rightful ruler of a country although not recognized as such by the current government. The term is often used to suggest that a claim is not legitimate.Curley Jr., Walter J. P. ''Monarchs-in-Waiting''. New York, 1973, pp. 4, 10. . The word may refer to a former monarch or a descendant of a deposed monarchy, although this type of claimant is also referred to as a head of a house. The word was popularized by Queen Anne, who used it to refer to her Roman Catholic half-brother James Francis Edward Stuart, the Jacobite heir, in an address to Parliament in 1708: "The French fleet sailed from Dunkirk ... with the Pretender on board." In 1807 the French Emperor Napoleon complained that the ''Almanach de Gotha'' continued to list German princes whom he had deposed. This episode established that publication as the pre-eminent authority on the titles of deposed monarchs and nobility, many of which were restored in 1815 after the end of Napole ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Biarritz
Biarritz ( , , , ; Basque also ; oc, Biàrritz ) is a city on the Bay of Biscay, on the Atlantic coast in the Pyrénées-Atlantiques department in the French Basque Country in southwestern France. It is located from the border with Spain. It is a luxurious seaside tourist destination known for the Hôtel du Palais (originally built for the Empress Eugénie circa 1855), its casinos in front of the sea and its surfing culture. Geography Biarritz is located in the Pyrénées-Atlantiques department in the Nouvelle-Aquitaine region. It is part of the arrondissement of Bayonne. It is adjacent to Bayonne and Anglet and from the border with Spain. It is in the traditional province of Labourd in the French Basque Country. Gallery File:Édouard_Zier_-_Les_baigneuses_à_Biarritz.jpg, ''Les baigneuses à Biarritz'', by Édouard François Zier File:Biarritz1999.jpg, Biarritz from the Pointe Saint-Martin. File:Grande Plage de Biarritz.jpg, ''La Grande Plage'', the town's lar ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lignières, Cher
Lignières () is a commune in the Cher department in the Centre-Val de Loire region of France. Geography An area of lakes, forestry and farming comprising a village and two hamlets situated by the banks of the river Arnon, some southwest of Bourges, at the junction of the D925, D940 and the D65 roads. The commune borders the department of Indre. Population Sights * The church of Notre-Dame, dating from the twelfth century. * The chateau, originally a feudal castle, rebuilt in the seventeenth century. * The chateau du Plessis. * A manorhouse. * A watermill. * The sixteenth-century market hall. Personalities * Singer Florent Marchet was born here on 21 June 1975. * Claimant to the Spanish throne, Prince Sixtus Henry of Bourbon-Parma, lives in the chateau. International relations Lignières is twinned with: Dunbar, in Scotland, UK. See also *Communes of the Cher department The following is a list of the 287 communes of the Cher department of France. The c ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Madeleine De Bourbon-Busset
Madeleine de Bourbon-Busset (23 March 1898 – 1 September 1984) was the titular Duchess of Parma and Piacenza (from 1974) and was also Carlist Queen of Spain (from 1952) as the consort of Prince Xavier of Bourbon-Parma, the Carlist pretender to the Spanish throne. Life and family She was born of a cadet branch of the Bourbon Counts of Busset, male-line descendants of Louis de Bourbon (1437–1482), '' prince du sang'', Bishop of Liège,Enache, Nicolas. ''La Descendance de Marie-Therese de Habsburg''. ICC, Paris, 1996. pp. 416-417, 422. (French). allegedly by a liaison with Catherine de Gueldres. Anselme, Père. ‘’Histoire de la Maison Royale de France’’, tome 4. Editions du Palais-Royal, 1967, Paris. pp. 307, 375. (French). Her father was Georges de Bourbon-Busset, Count de Lignières (1860–1932), and her mother Marie Jeanne ''née'' de Kerret-Quillien (1866–1958).de Badts de Cugnac, Chantal. Coutant de Saisseval, Guy. ‘’Le Petit Gotha’’. Nouvelle Imprime ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Maria Antonia Of Portugal
Maria may refer to: People * Mary, mother of Jesus * Maria (given name), a popular given name in many languages Place names Extraterrestrial *170 Maria, a Main belt S-type asteroid discovered in 1877 *Lunar maria (plural of ''mare''), large, dark basaltic plains on Earth's Moon Terrestrial *Maria, Maevatanana, Madagascar *Maria, Quebec, Canada * Maria, Siquijor, the Philippines *María, Spain, in Andalusia *Îles Maria, French Polynesia *María de Huerva, Aragon, Spain *Villa Maria (other) Arts, entertainment, and media Films * ''Maria'' (1947 film), Swedish film * ''Maria'' (1975 film), Swedish film * ''Maria'' (2003 film), Romanian film * ''Maria'' (2019 film), Filipino film * ''Maria'' (2021 film), Canadian film directed by Alec Pronovost * ''Maria'' (Sinhala film), Sri Lankan upcoming film Literature * ''María'' (novel), an 1867 novel by Jorge Isaacs * ''Maria'' (Ukrainian novel), a 1934 novel by the Ukrainian writer Ulas Samchuk * ''Maria'' (play), a 1935 play ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Prince Xavier Of Bourbon-Parma
Xavier, Duke of Parma and Piacenza, known in France before 1974 as Prince Xavier de Bourbon-Parme, known in Spain as Francisco Javier de Borbón-Parma y de Braganza or simply as Don Javier (25 May 1889 – 7 May 1977), was the head of the ducal House of Bourbon-Parma and Carlist claimant to the throne of Spain. He was the second son of the last reigning Duke of Parma Robert I and his second wife Infanta Maria Antonia of Portugal, although born after his father lost the throne. Educated with austerity at Stella Matutina, he grew up in France, Italy and Austria, where his father had properties. During World War I, he joined the Belgian army, fighting with distinction. With his brother Sixtus he was a go-between in the so-called Sixtus Affair, a failed attempt by his brother-in-law, Emperor Charles I of Austria to negotiate a separate peace with the Allies (1916–1917) through the Bourbon-Parma brothers. In 1936 Don Alfonso Carlos de Borbón, Duke of Madrid died, ending the male ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Weilburg
Weilburg is, with just under 13,000 inhabitants, the third biggest town in Limburg-Weilburg district in Hesse, Germany, after Limburg an der Lahn and Bad Camberg. Geography Location The community lies in the Lahn valley between the Westerwald and the Taunus just upstream from where the Weil empties into the river Lahn and 80 km southeast of Koblenz. The Old Town, built on and around a rocky hill, is almost encircled by the Lahn. Neighbouring communities Weilburg borders in the north on the communities of Merenberg and Löhnberg (both in Limburg-Weilburg), in the east on the town of Braunfels (Lahn-Dill-Kreis), in the south on the communities of Weilmünster and Weinbach as well as on the town of Runkel, and in the west on the community of Beselich (all in Limburg-Weilburg). Constituent communities Besides the main town, in which just under 40% of the inhabitants live, the outlying centres of Ahausen, Bermbach, Drommershausen, Gaudernbach, Hasselbach, Hirschhau ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Robert II, Duke Of Parma
Robert Hugo, Duke of Parma and Piacenza (Italian: ''Roberto Ugo di Borbone-Parma''; 7 August 1909 – 15 November 1974) was the head of the House of Bourbon-Parma and the pretender to the defunct throne of the Duchy of Parma between 1959 and 1974. Life Robert Hugo was born at Schloss Weilburg in Baden bei Wien, the second but eldest surviving son of Elias, Duke of Parma and Archduchess Maria Anna of Austria (1882–1940). He succeeded his father Elias as head of the House of Bourbon-Parma upon his death in 1959, and maintained his style until his death in 1974 in Vienna. He died unmarried and without issue, and was succeeded by his agnatic half-uncle Xavier. Honours * Calabrian House of Bourbon-Two Sicilies Knight Grand Cross of Justice of the Calabrian Two Sicilian Order of Saint George. [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Robert Hugo, Duke Of Parma
Robert Hugo, Duke of Parma and Piacenza (Italian: ''Roberto Ugo di Borbone-Parma''; 7 August 1909 – 15 November 1974) was the head of the House of Bourbon-Parma and the pretender to the defunct throne of the Duchy of Parma between 1959 and 1974. Life Robert Hugo was born at Schloss Weilburg in Baden bei Wien, the second but eldest surviving son of Elias, Duke of Parma and Archduchess Maria Anna of Austria (1882–1940). He succeeded his father Elias as head of the House of Bourbon-Parma upon his death in 1959, and maintained his style until his death in 1974 in Vienna. He died unmarried and without issue, and was succeeded by his agnatic half-uncle Xavier. Honours * Calabrian House of Bourbon-Two Sicilies Knight Grand Cross of Justice of the Calabrian Two Sicilian Order of Saint George. [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Friedberg, Styria
Friedberg () is a town in district Hartberg-Fürstenfeld located in Styria, Austria with 2,562 inhabitants. Economy and Infrastructure The train station of Friedberg offers destinations to Wiener Neustadt , Vienna , Hartberg and Fehring Fehring is a municipality in the district of Südoststeiermark in Styria, Austria. The landscape is rolling hills cut by the valley of the Raab. Fehring is on a socket some metres above the valley floor. The town is bordered to the east by Bu .... In Friedberg 3 trainlines cross: The Thermenbahn , the Wechselbahn and the Pinkatalbahn. References Cities and towns in Hartberg-Fürstenfeld District {{Styria-geo-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Vienna
en, Viennese , iso_code = AT-9 , registration_plate = W , postal_code_type = Postal code , postal_code = , timezone = CET , utc_offset = +1 , timezone_DST = CEST , utc_offset_DST = +2 , blank_name = Vehicle registration , blank_info = W , blank1_name = GDP , blank1_info = € 96.5 billion (2020) , blank2_name = GDP per capita , blank2_info = € 50,400 (2020) , blank_name_sec1 = HDI (2019) , blank_info_sec1 = 0.947 · 1st of 9 , blank3_name = Seats in the Federal Council , blank3_info = , blank_name_sec2 = GeoTLD , blank_info_sec2 = .wien , website = , footnotes = , image_blank_emblem = Wien logo.svg , blank_emblem_size = Vienna ( ; german: Wien ; ba ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
