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Popular Front Of Moldova
The Popular Front of Moldova ( ro, Frontul Popular din Moldova) was a political movement in the Moldavian SSR, one of the 15 union republics of the former Soviet Union, and in the newly independent Moldova, Republic of Moldova. Formally, the Front existed from 1989 to 1992. It was the successor to the ''Democratic Movement of Moldova'' (''Mișcarea Democratică din Moldova''; 1988–89), and was succeeded by the ''Christian Democratic Popular Front'' (''Frontul Popular Creștin Democrat''; 1992–99) and ultimately by the Christian-Democratic People's Party (Moldova), Christian-Democratic People's Party (''Partidul Popular Creștin Democrat''; since 1999). The Popular Front was well organized nationally, with its strongest support in the capital and in areas of the country most heavily populated by Moldavians. Once the organization was in power, however, internal disputes led to a sharp fall in popular support, and it fragmented into several competing factions by early 1993. [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ion Hadârcă
Ion Hadârcă (born 17 August 1949 in Sîngerei, USSR) is a poet, translator and Moldovan politician, deputy to the Parliament of the Republic of Moldova between 1990 and 1998 and from 2009 to 2014. Ion Hadârcă was the founder and first president of the Popular Front of Moldova (1989-1992), chairman of the Liberal Reformist Party. Biography Ion Hadârcă was born on 17 July 1949 in Sîngerei, Sîngerei District. Between 1968–1970, he carried out the compulsory military service in the Soviet army. He was the first president of the Popular Front of Moldova (1989–1992). He was elected as president during the second congress of the Front (30 June – 1 July 1989) from among 3 candidates for the job; other two candidates that sought election to the post were Nicolae Costin and Gheorghe Ghimpu. Ion Hadârcă was member of the Supreme Soviet (1989–1990) and the Moldovan Parliament (1990–1998). Hadârcă was an MP of the Liberal Party until he joined the Liberal Party Refo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Christian-Democratic People's Party (Moldova)
The Christian-Democratic People's Party ( ro, Partidul Popular Creștin Democrat, PPCD) is a Christian-democratic political party in Moldova. The party was led by Iurie Roșca from 1994 until 2011. Until 2005, the PPCD and the (Moldovan) National Liberal Party were the main political organizations in the country supporting the unification of Moldova and Romania. After the PPCD began supporting the anti-unification Communist President Vladimir Voronin, the party has lost its unionist credentials while other parties such as the Liberal Party have taken over the pro-Romanian ideological space. The party has had very poor results in all subsequent elections. Since April 2005, the PPCD has lost several deputies, mayors, councillors and members to the liberal-democratic parties. The PPCD was an informal coalition partner of the Party of Communists of the Republic of Moldova from 2005–2009. History It is the successor of the Democratic Movement of Moldova (1988–1989), Popular ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gheorghe Ghimpu
Gheorghe Ghimpu (26 July 1937 – 13 November 2000) was a Moldovan politician and a political prisoner in the former Soviet Union and then in Moldova. Early life Ghimpu was born on 26 July 1937 in Colonița, a village in Bessarabia during the Greater Romania administration. His mother, Irina Ursu (daughter of Haralambie Ursu) died in 2003; she worked at the local kolkhoz (collective farm). His father, Toader Ghimpu (dead in 1980) was an elementary school teacher. Gheorghe Ghimpu is the oldest brother of Simion Ghimpu (born 24 May 1939), Visarion, Valentina (mother of Dorin Chirtoacă) and Mihai Ghimpu. Ghimpu completed his studies at T. G. Shevchenko University in Tiraspol. Then he obtained his PhD at the Institute of Biological Physics, Academy of Sciences of the Soviet Union in Moscow. Ghimpu was a teacher in Strășeni and a professor at T. G. Shevchenko University in Tiraspol and the Moldova State University in Chișinău. He was married to Zina and had two chi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nicolae Costin
Nicolae Costin (7 April 1936 in Pecişte, Orhei County, Kingdom of Romania today in Rezina District, Republic of Moldova – 16 February 1995 in Chişinău) was a Moldovan politician and one of the leaders of the national emancipation movement from Moldavian SSR. He was a professor, executive chairman of the Popular Front of Moldova, deputy in the first elected Parliament (1990-1994) of the Republic of Moldova, co-author of the Declaration of Independence of the Republic of Moldova (27 August 1991), president of the Municipal Council and Mayor of the municipality Chişinău (1990-1994). Biography Nicolae Costin was born on 7 April 1936 in Pecişte, Rezina District. After completing the primary school in his native village, he attended the Pedagogical School in the town of Orhei (1952-1956) and later the Faculty of History of the Moldova State University (1960-1965). He began his professional activity as a teacher at the school in Pecişte commune (1958-1960). After gr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gagauz People
The Gagauz ( gag, Gagauzlar) are a Turkic people living mostly in southern Moldova ( Gagauzia, Taraclia District, Basarabeasca District) and southwestern Ukraine (Budjak). Gagauz are mostly Eastern Orthodox Christians. The term Gagauz is also often used as a collective naming of Turkic people living in the Balkans, speaking Gagauz language, a language separated from Balkan Gagauz Turkish. Etymology ''Gagauz'' is the most widely accepted singular and plural form of the name, and some references use ''Gagauzy'' (from Ukrainian) or ''Gagauzi''. Other variations including ''Gagauzes'' and ''Gagauzians'' appear rarely. As Gagauz language is Turkic Oghuz (Oğuz, pronounced as ''0auuz''), the word Gagauz is believed to be coming from ''GökOğuz'', root Oghuz, where Oghuz is the forefather of Turkic people in Turkish Mythology. Before the Russian Revolution they were commonly referred to as "Turkish speaking Bulgars".Menz, Astrid. (2007)The Gagauz Between Christianity and Turkishne ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Demokratizatsiya (Soviet Union)
''Demokratizatsiya'' ( rus, демократизация, p=dʲɪməkrətʲɪˈzatsɨjə, ''democratization'') was a slogan introduced by Soviet Communist Party General Secretary Mikhail Gorbachev in January 1987 calling for the infusion of " democratic" elements into the Soviet Union's single-party government. Gorbachev's meant the introduction of multi-candidate—though not multiparty—elections for local Communist Party (CPSU) officials and Soviets. In this way, he hoped to rejuvenate the party with progressive personnel who would carry out his institutional and policy reforms. The CPSU would retain sole custody of the ballot box. Russia section ''Demokratizatsiya''. Data as of July 1996 (retrieved December 25, 2014) The slogan of was part of Gorbachev's set of reform programs, including (increasing public discussion of issues and accessibility of information to the public), officially announced in mid-1986, and , a "speed-up" of economic development. (political and e ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Perestroika
''Perestroika'' (; russian: links=no, перестройка, p=pʲɪrʲɪˈstrojkə, a=ru-perestroika.ogg) was a political movement for reform within the Communist Party of the Soviet Union (CPSU) during the late 1980s widely associated with CPSU general secretary Mikhail Gorbachev and his glasnost (meaning "openness") policy reform. The literal meaning of perestroika is "reconstruction", referring to the restructuring of the Soviet political and economic system, in an attempt to end the Era of Stagnation. Perestroika allowed more independent actions from various ministries and introduced many market-like reforms. The alleged goal of perestroika, however, was not to end the command economy but rather to make socialism work more efficiently to better meet the needs of Soviet citizens by adopting elements of liberal economics. The process of implementing perestroika added to existing shortages, and created political, social, and economic tensions within the Soviet Union. Fu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Glasnost
''Glasnost'' (; russian: link=no, гласность, ) has several general and specific meanings – a policy of maximum openness in the activities of state institutions and freedom of information, the inadmissibility of hushing up problems, and so on. It has been used in Russian to mean "openness and transparency" since at least the end of the 18th century. In the Russian Empire of the late-19th century, the term was particularly associated with reforms of the judicial system. Among these were reforms permitting attendance of the press and the public at trials whose verdicts were now to be read aloud. Vladimir Lenin repeatedly emphasized the importance of glasnost as the most important feature of democracy. In the mid-1980s, it was popularised by Mikhail Gorbachev as a political slogan for increased government transparency (behavior), transparency in the Soviet Union. Historical usage Human rights activist Lyudmila Alexeyeva argues that the word ''glasnost'' has been in the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Singing Revolution
The Singing Revolution; lv, dziesmotā revolūcija; lt, dainuojanti revoliucija) was a series of events that led to the restoration of independence of the Baltic states, Baltic nations of Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania from the Soviet Union at the Cold War (1985–1991), end of the Cold War. The term was coined by an Estonian activist and artist, Heinz Valk, in an article published a week after 10–11 June 1988, spontaneous mass evening singing demonstrations at the Tallinn Song Festival Grounds. Later, all three countries joined the European Union, EU and NATO in 2004. Background During World War II, the three Baltic states were incorporated into the Stalin, Stalinist USSR after military occupation and annexation first Occupation and annexation of the Baltic states by the Soviet Union (1940), in 1940 and then Occupation and annexation of the Baltic states by the Soviet Union (1944), again in 1944. The new Soviet leader, Mikhail Gorbachev introduced ''glasnost'' ("openness" ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mikhail Gorbachev
Mikhail Sergeyevich Gorbachev (2 March 1931 – 30 August 2022) was a Soviet politician who served as the 8th and final leader of the Soviet Union from 1985 to dissolution of the Soviet Union, the country's dissolution in 1991. He served as General Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union from 1985 and additionally as head of state beginning in 1988, as Chairman of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet from 1988 to 1989, Chairman of the Supreme Soviet from 1989 to 1990 and the only President of the Soviet Union from 1990 to 1991. Ideologically, Gorbachev initially adhered to Marxism–Leninism but moved towards social democracy by the early 1990s. Gorbachev was born in Privolnoye, Stavropol Krai, Privolnoye, Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic, Russian SFSR, to a poor peasant family of Russian and Ukrainian heritage. Growing up under the rule of Joseph Stalin, in his youth he operated combine harvesters on a Collective farming, collective farm before join ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mihai Eminescu
Mihai Eminescu (; born Mihail Eminovici; 15 January 1850 – 15 June 1889) was a Romanian Romantic poet from Moldavia, novelist, and journalist, generally regarded as the most famous and influential Romanian poet. Eminescu was an active member of the Junimea literary society and worked as an editor for the newspaper ''Timpul'' ("The Time"), the official newspaper of the Conservative Party (1880–1918). His poetry was first published when he was 16 and he went to Vienna, Austria to study when he was 19. The poet's manuscripts, containing 46 volumes and approximately 14,000 pages, were offered by Titu Maiorescu as a gift to the Romanian Academy during the meeting that was held on 25 January 1902. Notable works include '' Luceafărul'' (''The Vesper/The Evening Star/The Lucifer/The Daystar''), ''Odă în metru antic'' (''Ode in Ancient Meter''), and the five ''Letters'' (''Epistles/Satires''). In his poems, he frequently used metaphysical, mythological and historical subjects. H ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Alley Of Classics, Chișinău
The Alley of Classics ( ro, Aleea Clasicilor) is a sculptural complex located in the Stephen the Great Park in Central Chișinău, Moldova. Overview The alley is decorated on both sides with red granite busts of classic literary figures and political leaders from Moldova. The alley is located between the Ștefan cel Mare boulevard and the bronze bust of Alexander Pushkin, set on a granite column and made by Russian sculptor Alexander Opekushin. The alley was built and received its name in 1958, and became one of the most important tourist attractions in Chișinău. At first there were only twelve sculptures, but after the fall of the Soviet Union the local authorities added busts of Romanian and Moldovan writers and poets that were banned during the Soviet regime. The idea of a sculptural complex was launched by the interwar sculptor Alexandru Plămădeală, who dreamed to create an open-air museum. Just during the Khrushchev Thaw, the Alley of Classics was unveiled on ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
