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Politics Of Mauritania
The first fully democratic Presidential election since 1960 occurred on 11 March 2007. The election was the final transfer from military to civilian rule following the military coup in 2005. This was the first time the president was selected by ballot in the country's history. The election was won by Sidi Ould Cheikh Abdallahi, who was ousted by a military coup in 2008 and replaced by general Mohamed Ould Abdel Aziz. Personalities have long exercised an important influence in the politics of Mauritania - the effective exercise of political power in the country depends on control over resources; perceived ability or integrity; and tribal, ethnic, family, and personal considerations. Conflict between white Moor, black Moor, and non-Moor ethnic groups, centering on language, land tenure, and other issues, continues to pose challenges to the idea of national unity. Political administration The government bureaucracy comprises traditional ministries, special agencies, and parastata ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
2007 Mauritanian Presidential Election
Presidential elections were held in Mauritania on 11 March 2007."Mauritania vote 'free and fair'" '''', March 12, 2007. As no candidate received a majority of the votes, a second round was held on 25 March between the top two candidates, and Ahmed Ould Daddah. Abdallahi won the second round with about 53% of the vote and took office in April. [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Maaouya Ould Sid'Ahmed Taya
Maaouya Ould Sid'Ahmed Taya ( ar, معاوية ولد سيد أحمد الطايع, Ma‘āwiyah wuld Sīdi Aḥmad aṭ-Ṭāya‘ / Mu'awiya walad Sayyidi Ahmad Taya; born 28 November 1941) is a Mauritanian military officer who served as the President of Mauritania from 1984 to 2005. Having come to power through a bloodless military coup, he was ousted by a military coup himself in 2005. Prior to his presidency, he was the 5th Prime Minister of Mauritania between 1981 to 1992 (except for a brief period in 1984). Early years Born in the town of Atar ( Adrar Region), Ould Taya attended a Franco-Arabic Primary School from 1949 to 1955. He then attended Rosso High School in southern Mauritania. After graduation, he attended a French military school in 1960 and graduated as an officer the next year. In 1975, he received strategic training at the French War Academy. In 1978, the Mauritanian army seized power and ousted President Moktar Ould Daddah, in an attempt to forestall ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Slavery
Slavery and enslavement are both the state and the condition of being a slave—someone forbidden to quit one's service for an enslaver, and who is treated by the enslaver as property. Slavery typically involves slaves being made to perform some form of work while also having their location or residence dictated by the enslaver. Many historical cases of enslavement occurred as a result of breaking the law, becoming indebted, or suffering a military defeat; other forms of slavery were instituted along demographic lines such as Racism, race. Slaves may be kept in bondage for life or for a fixed period of time, after which they would be Manumission, granted freedom. Although slavery is usually involuntary and involves coercion, there are also cases where people voluntary slavery, voluntarily enter into slavery to pay a debt or earn money due to poverty. In the course of human history, slavery was a typical feature of civilization, and was legal in most societies, but it is no ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Democracy
Democracy (From grc, δημοκρατία, dēmokratía, ''dēmos'' 'people' and ''kratos'' 'rule') is a form of government in which people, the people have the authority to deliberate and decide legislation ("direct democracy"), or to choose governing officials to do so ("representative democracy"). Who is considered part of "the people" and how authority is shared among or delegated by the people has changed over time and at different rates in different countries. Features of democracy often include freedom of assembly, freedom of association, association, property rights, freedom of religion and freedom of speech, speech, Social exclusion#Social inclusion, inclusiveness and political equality, equality, citizenship, consent of the governed, voting rights, freedom from unwarranted governmental wikt:deprivation, deprivation of the right to life and liberty, and minority rights. The notion of democracy has evolved over time considerably. Throughout history, one can find evid ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mauritanian Presidential Election, 2003
Presidential elections were held in Mauritania on 7 November 2003. As expected, incumbent President Maaouya Ould Sid'Ahmed Taya was easily re-elected against weak opposition. The opposition alleged election fraud, and Ould Taya's main challenger, former military ruler Mohamed Khouna Ould Haidalla (the man who Ould Taya ousted when he seized power in December 1984), was arrested both immediately before and after the vote. The elections saw two notable firsts; Aicha Bint Jeddane was the country's first female presidential candidate, and Messaoud Ould Boulkheir Messaoud Ould Boulkheir ( ar, مسعود ولد بو الخير, born 1943, Fara El Kitane ar, فرع الكتان) was among the first Haratine to become a political leader in Mauritania. Messaoud also contributed towards the end of the 198 ... was the first descendant of slaves to run for the office. [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
2003 Mauritania Election
Presidential elections were held in Mauritania on 7 November 2003. As expected, incumbent President Maaouya Ould Sid'Ahmed Taya was easily re-elected against weak opposition. The opposition alleged election fraud, and Ould Taya's main challenger, former military ruler Mohamed Khouna Ould Haidalla (the man who Ould Taya ousted when he seized power in December 1984), was arrested both immediately before and after the vote. The elections saw two notable firsts; Aicha Bint Jeddane was the country's first female presidential candidate, and Messaoud Ould Boulkheir Messaoud Ould Boulkheir ( ar, مسعود ولد بو الخير, born 1943, Fara El Kitane ar, فرع الكتان) was among the first Haratine to become a political leader in Mauritania. Messaoud also contributed towards the end of the 198 ... was the first descendant of slaves to run for the office. [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Senate
A senate is a deliberative assembly, often the upper house or chamber of a bicameral legislature. The name comes from the ancient Roman Senate (Latin: ''Senatus''), so-called as an assembly of the senior (Latin: ''senex'' meaning "the elder" or "old man") and therefore considered wiser and more experienced members of the society or ruling class. However the Roman Senate was not the ancestor or predecessor of modern parliamentarism in any sense, because the Roman senate was not a legislative body. Many countries have an assembly named a ''senate'', composed of ''senators'' who may be elected, appointed, have inherited the title, or gained membership by other methods, depending on the country. Modern senates typically serve to provide a chamber of "sober second thought" to consider legislation passed by a lower house, whose members are usually elected. Most senates have asymmetrical duties and powers compared with their respective lower house meaning they have special ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Democratic And Social Republican Party
The Democratic Republican Party for Renewal (french: Parti Républicain Démocratique pour le Renouvellement - PRDR) is a political party in Mauritania. Formerly known as the Democratic and Social Republican Party, (french: Parti Républicain Démocratique et Social, PRDS) the party changed its identity and adjusted its political stance after the 2005 coup. Formerly very supportive of President Maaouya Ould Sid'Ahmed Taya and his pro-Israeli policy, after the 2005 coup the party denounced Taya's policies and the mid-2006 Israeli military campaign in Lebanon. In the 2001 parliamentary elections the party won 64 out of 81 seats. Sidi Mohamed Ould Boubacar, one of the bloc's members, was nominated as Prime Minister a few days after the 2005 coup. The PRDR won seven seats in the November–December 2006 parliamentary election and in the 21 January and 4 February 2007 Senate elections An election is a formal group decision-making process by which a population chooses ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Haratine
Haratin (), also referred to as Haratine, Harratin (singular: Hartani), are an ethnic group found in western Sahel and southwestern Maghreb. The Haratin are mostly found in modern Mauritania (where they form a plurality), Morocco, Western Sahara, and Algeria. In Tunisia and Libya, they are referred to as Shwashin, Chouachin, Chouachine (singular: Shwashin, Chouchan). The Haratin are both culturally and ethnically distinct from modern sub-Saharan Africans and speak Maghrebi Arabic dialects as well as various Berber languages.they are Arabic speakinHaratin Encyclopædia Britannica (2014) They have traditionally been characterised as the descendants of former Sub-Saharan slaves and as one of the original inhabitants of the Sahara. They form the single largest defined ethnolinguistic group in Mauritania where they account for 40% of the population (~1.5 million). In parts of Arab-Berber Maghreb, they are sometimes referred to as a "socially distinct class of workers". The Harat ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Action For Change
The Action for Change (AC) (french: Action pour le changement) was a political party in Mauritania. The party was led by Messaoud Ould Belkheir, and campaigned for greater rights for Mauritania's Haratin Haratin (), also referred to as Haratine, Harratin (singular: Hartani), are an ethnic group found in western Sahel and southwestern Maghreb. The Haratin are mostly found in modern Mauritania (where they form a plurality), Morocco, Western Sah ... and black populations. The party was banned and dissolved in January 2002. History Electoral history The first election contested by the AC was the 1996 parliamentary election, with the party coming third, with 5.3% of the vote and 1 seat in parliament. The party also went on to contest the 2001 parliamentary election, winning 5.5% of the popular vote and 4 out of 81 seats. Dissolution The party was banned in January 2002 following accusations by the government that the party threatened Mauritanian national unity and was threa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rally Of Democratic Forces
The Rally of Democratic Forces (french: Rassemblement des Forces Démocratiques, RFD), or Assembly of Democratic Forces, is a political party in Mauritania. It is led by Ahmed Ould Daddah. In October 2000, the Union of Democratic Forces-New Era, which was led by Daddah, was dissolved by the government for allegedly inciting violence and harming the country's interests. In its place the Rally of Democratic Forces was established, and Daddah was elected its president in January 2002. In the parliamentary election held on October 19 and 26 October 2001, the party won 5.6% of the popular vote and 3 out of 81 seats. Daddah declared the RFD to be "the country's biggest political force" after the first round of the 2006 Mauritanian parliamentary election, held on 19 November. The RFD participated in this election as part of an eight party opposition alliance. It won 15 out of 95 seats in the 21 January and 4 February 2007 Senate elections 7 out of 56 seats. In the 11 March and 25 Mar ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of Political Parties In Mauritania
This article lists political parties in Mauritania. After the independence of the country in 1960, president Moktar Ould Daddah merged his Mauritanian Regroupment Party with other opposition parties to form the Mauritanian People's Party (PPM), which ruled the country as the sole legal party from 1961 to 1978. Following the July 1978 coup led by Mustafa Ould Salek, the party was abolished and banned and Mauritania's civilian leadership was replaced with military rule until president Maaouya Ould Sid'Ahmed Taya established the Democratic and Social Republican Party (PRDS) in 1992. Opposition political parties were allowed, but had no real chance of gaining power. After the 2005 coup d'état, a transitional military junta was established, which liberalised the political arena, leading to an open and plural political system for the first time in the country's history. The junta organised a constitutional referendum that established term limits to then organise the 2006 parliam ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
