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Poisonous Amphibians
Poisonous amphibians are amphibians that produce toxins to defend themselves from predators. Amphibians Most toxic amphibians are poisonous to touch or eat. These amphibians usually sequester toxins from animals and plants on which they feed, commonly from poisonous insects or poisonous plants. Except certain salamandrid salamanders that can extrude sharp venom-tipped ribs, and two species of frogs with venom-tipped bone spurs on their skulls, amphibians are not known to actively inject venom. Toxic Frogs and Toads An example of poison ingestion derives from the poison dart frog. They get a deadly chemical called lipophilic alkaloid from consuming a poisonous food in the rainforest. They are immune to the poison and they secrete it through their skin as a defense mechanism against predators. This poison is so efficient, the native people of the South American Amazon rainforest use the frogs' toxins on their weapons to kill their prey, giving the frogs their nickname the "po ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Poison Dart Frogs
Poison dart frog (also known as dart-poison frog, poison frog or formerly known as poison arrow frog) is the common name of a group of frogs in the family Dendrobatidae which are native to tropical Central and South America. These species are diurnal and often have brightly colored bodies. This bright coloration is correlated with the toxicity of the species, making them aposematic. Some species of the family Dendrobatidae exhibit extremely bright coloration along with high toxicity, while others have cryptic coloration with minimal to no amount of observed toxicity. The species that have great toxicity derive this feature from their diet of ants, mites and termites. However, other species that exhibit cryptic coloration, and low to no amounts of toxicity, eat a much larger variety of prey. Many species of this family are threatened due to human infrastructure encroaching on their habitats. These amphibians are often called "dart frogs" due to the Native Americans' use of the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dendrobatidae
Poison dart frog (also known as dart-poison frog, poison frog or formerly known as poison arrow frog) is the common name of a group of frogs in the Family (biology), family Dendrobatidae which are native to tropical Central and South America. These species are Diurnality, diurnal and often have brightly colored bodies. This bright coloration is correlated with the toxicity of the species, making them Aposematism, aposematic. Some species of the family Dendrobatidae exhibit extremely bright coloration along with high toxicity, while others have Crypsis, cryptic coloration with minimal to no amount of observed toxicity. The species that have great toxicity derive this feature from their diet of ants, mites and termites. However, other species that exhibit cryptic coloration, and low to no amounts of toxicity, eat a much larger variety of prey. Many species of this family are Threatened species, threatened due to human infrastructure encroaching on their habitats. These amphibians ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Greening's Frog
''Corythomantis greeningi'', occasionally called Greening's frog, is a venomous frog species in the family Hylidae endemic to eastern Brazil, where it lives in Caatinga habitat. It is usually situated on vegetation, including in bromeliads, and on rock outcrops. Breeding occurs in temporary streams. Although suffering from habitat loss, it is not considered threatened by the IUCN. The specific name ''greeningi'' was in honour of Linnaeus Greening (1855–1927), an English businessman and naturalist known for his work on arachnids, reptiles and amphibians. Description Female ''Corythomantis greeningi'' grow to a length of about while males are slightly smaller at . The head is narrow, with bony crests behind the eyes and a long flat snout, armed with small spines. The body is slender, the skin being covered with warts. The legs are also slender and the fingers and toes have well-developed adhesive discs at the tip. The general color is light brown or gray, liberally blotched wit ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bruno's Casque-headed Frog
Bruno's casque-headed frog (''Nyctimantis brunoi'') is a species of frog in the family Hylidae. Endemic to Brazil, its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests, subtropical or tropical moist shrubland, and intermittent freshwater marshes. It is threatened by habitat loss. The specific name ''brunoi'' was in honour of Dr Bruno Lobo, Professor and Director of the National Museum of Brazil (1915-1923). Description This species is a relative large frog; males have a snout–to–vent length of while females measure . The head is broad and flattened with a long pointed snout. The eyes are prominent and forward-facing. It has an array of sharp, pointed projections on the head, and the skin on the head is fused to the skull. The legs are long and slender and the digits have adhesive discs at the tips. The dorsal surface is pale brown or gray, with irregular dark markings. Distribution and habitat Bruno's casque-headed frog is endemic to the coastal region of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pseudophryne Corroboree
The southern corroboree frog (''Pseudophryne corroboree'') is a species of Australian ground frog native to southeastern Australia. The species was described in 1953 by Fulbright research scholar John A. Moore from a specimen collected at Towong Hill Station at Corryong, Victoria, and sent to the Australian Museum. The curator, Roy Kinghorn, recognised it as a new species and allowed Moore to describe it. Description Adult female southern corroboree frogs are long, while males measure ; both bear vivid yellow and black stripes across the head, back, and limbs. The body and head are short and wide, the snout has a slight point, and the fingers and toes lack webbing. The iris is black. The northern corroboree frog has narrower and more greenish-yellow striping. Habitat and conservation The southern corroboree frog is native to Kosciuszko National Park in the northern Snowy Mountains, where it found at locales between the Maragle Range and Smiggin Holes. Reported as abundant ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pseudophryne Pengilleyi
Corroboree frogs ( ) comprise two species of frog native to the Southern Tablelands of Australia. Both species are small, poisonous ground-dwelling frogs. The two species are the southern corroboree frog (''Pseudophryne corroboree'') and the northern corroboree frog (''Pseudophryne pengilleyi''). They are unique among frogs in that they produce their own poison rather than obtain it from their food source as is the case in every other poisonous frog species. Description The northern form of the corroboree frog deviates slightly in having narrow yellow to greenish stripes and is slightly smaller. Distribution The corroboree frogs have historically only been found in a few patches across two regions of the Australian Capital Territory (ACT) and southern New South Wales (NSW), and these areas have contracted significantly in recent years. Southern corroboree frog lives at altitudes of above sea level, historically in an area now within Kosciuszko National Park in the Snowy Mou ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mantella
''Mantella'' (also known as golden frogs or Malagasy poison frogs) are a prominent genus of aposematic frogs in the family Mantellidae, endemic to the island of Madagascar. Members of ''Mantella'' are diurnal and terrestrial, with bright aposematic coloration or cryptic markings. Natural history ''Mantella'' are an example of convergent evolution—the independent evolution of a similar trait with species of a different lineage—with the Latin American family Dendrobatidae in size, appearance, and some behavioral characteristics. During the description of the first specimens from 1866 to 1872, Alfred Grandidier described both the brown mantella (''Mantella betsileo'') and Malagasy mantella (''Mantella madagascariensis'') and placed them within the genus ''Dendrobates'' based on their close resemblance. This placement was heavily debated until 1882, when George Albert Boulenger created the genus ''Mantella'' after describing both Cowan's mantella (''Mantella cowanii'') and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Golden Mantelle (Mantella Aurantiaca), Torotorofotsy Marshes, Madagascar (13795093335)
Golden means made of, or relating to gold. Golden may also refer to: Places United Kingdom *Golden, in the parish of Probus, Cornwall *Golden Cap, Dorset * Golden Square, Soho, London *Golden Valley, a valley on the River Frome in Gloucestershire *Golden Valley, Herefordshire United States * Golden, Colorado, a town West of Denver, county seat of Jefferson County *Golden, Idaho, an unincorporated community *Golden, Illinois, a village *Golden Township, Michigan *Golden, Mississippi, a village * Golden City, Missouri, a city * Golden, Missouri, an unincorporated community *Golden, Nebraska, ghost town in Burt County *Golden Township, Holt County, Nebraska *Golden, New Mexico, a sparsely populated ghost town *Golden, Oregon, an abandoned mining town * Golden, Texas, an unincorporated community *Golden, Utah, a ghost town *Golden, Marshall County, West Virginia, an unincorporated community Elsewhere * Golden, County Tipperary, Ireland, a village on the River Suir *Golden Vale, Mu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pumiliotoxin 251D
Pumiliotoxin 251D is a toxic organic compound. It is found in the skin of poison frogs from the genera ''Dendrobates'', ''Epipedobates'', '' Minyobates'', and ''Phyllobates'' and toads from the genus '' Melanophryniscus''. Its name comes from the pumiliotoxin family (PTXs) and its molecular mass of 251 Daltons. When the toxin enters the bloodstream through cuts in the skin or by ingestion, it can cause hyperactivity, convulsions, cardiac arrest and ultimately death. It is especially toxic to arthropods (e.g. mosquitoes), even at low (naturally occurring) concentrations. Chemical properties Structure The chiral centers in pumiliotoxin 251D can give several stereoisomers of the compound. Only one form of the toxin is present in nature and has toxic properties. Two enantiomers of pumiliotoxin 251D. On the left the plus enantiomer is shown which is toxic. On the right side the minus enantiomer, which is not toxic, is shown. The side chain conformation of substituents at the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Histrionicotoxin
Histrionicotoxins are a group of related toxins found in the skin of poison frogs from the family Dendrobatidae, notably ''Oophaga histrionica'' (formerly ''Dendrobates histrionicus''), which are native to Colombia. It is likely that, as with other poison frog alkaloids, histrionicotoxins are not manufactured by the amphibians, but absorbed from insects in their diet and stored in glands in their skin. They are notably less toxic than other alkaloids found in poison frogs, yet their distinct structure acts as a neurotoxin by non-competitive inhibition of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors. History The first record of histrionicotoxins dates to 1823 by Captain Charles Stuart Cochrane. Cochrane was exploring the tropical rainforests around Colombia and Panama. His reports mention tribes of Indians who used poison tipped arrows and blowgun darts for hunting and war. Upon further exploration, Cochrane found that these Indians extracted the poison from the skins of the poison dart frog, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
