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Plectophanes Hollowayae
''Plectophanes hollowayae'' is a species of araneomorph spider in the family Cycloctenidae. This species is endemic to New Zealand and was first described by Ray Forster in 1964 and named in honour of Beverley Holloway. The holotype specimen was collected by Beverley Holloway and Richard Dell at Solomon Island, off Stewart Island, during the 1955 Dominion Museum expedition. Taxonomy ''Plectophanes hollowayae'' is a member of the family Cycloctenidae. It was described by Ray Forster in 1964 and named in honour of one of the collectors, Beverly Holloway. Originally described in the family Toxopidae, Forster later transferred all members of the genus ''Plectophanes'' to Cycloctenidae. The original species name was ''Plectophanes hollowayi,'' but this was later corrected to ''P. hollowayae.'' Although the reason was not stated, it is assumed the change to an -ae ending was to align with standard procedure when a species is named after a female. The holotype specimen is held a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ray Forster
Raymond Robert Forster (19 June 1922 – 1 July 2000) was a New Zealand Arachnology, arachnologist and museum director. He was a Fellow of the Entomological Society of New Zealand. Biography Forster was born in Hastings, New Zealand in 1922, and was educated at Victoria University of Wellington, Victoria University College, gaining BSc, MSc(Hons) and DSc degrees. Forster was an entomologist at the Museum of New Zealand Te Papa Tongarewa, National Museum in Wellington from 1940 to 1947, with an interruption for military service during World War II. Between 1942 and 1945 he served first in the army and then as a naval radar mechanic.Ray Forster obituary . International Society of Arachnology. Retrieved 14 February 2013. He was appointed zoologist and assistant director at Canterbury Museum, Christchurch, Canterbury Muse ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Araneomorphae
The Araneomorphae (also called the Labidognatha) are an infraorder of spiders. They are distinguishable by chelicerae (fangs) that point diagonally forward and cross in a pinching action, in contrast to the Mygalomorphae (tarantulas and their close kin), where they point straight down. Araneomorphs comprise the vast majority of living spiders. Distinguishing characteristics Most spider species are Araneomorphae, which have fangs that face towards each other, increasing the orientations they can employ during prey capture. They have fewer book lungs (when present), and the females typically live one year. The Mygalomorphae have fangs that face towards the ground, and which are parallel to the long axis of the spider's body, thus they have only one orientation they can employ during prey capture. They have four pairs of book lungs, and the females often live many years. Image:Atrax robustus.jpg, This ''Atrax robustus'' shows the orientation of Myglamorphae fangs. Image:Che ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cycloctenidae
Cycloctenidae is a family of spiders first described by Eugène Simon in 1898. Genera , the World Spider Catalog accepts the following genera: *''Cycloctenus'' L. Koch, 1878 — Australia, New Zealand *''Galliena'' Simon, 1898 — Indonesia *''Orepukia'' Forster & Wilton, 1973 — New Zealand *'' Pakeha'' Forster & Wilton, 1973 — New Zealand *''Paravoca'' Forster & Wilton, 1973 — New Zealand *''Plectophanes'' Bryant, 1935 — New Zealand *''Toxopsiella'' Forster, 1964 — New Zealand *''Uzakia ''Uzakia'' is a monotypic genus of South Pacific araneomorph spiders in the family Cycloctenidae containing the single species, ''Uzakia unica''. It was first described by A. Ö. Koçak & M. Kemal in 2008, and has only been found in New Zealand ...'' Koçak & Kemal, 2008 — New Zealand References External links Image of a ''Cycloctenus'' species Araneomorphae families {{Araneomorphae-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ray Forster
Raymond Robert Forster (19 June 1922 – 1 July 2000) was a New Zealand arachnologist and museum director. He was a Fellow of the Entomological Society of New Zealand. Biography Forster was born in Hastings, New Zealand in 1922, and was educated at Victoria University College, gaining BSc, MSc(Hons) and DSc degrees. Forster was an entomologist at the National Museum in Wellington from 1940 to 1947, with an interruption for military service during World War II. Between 1942 and 1945 he served first in the army and then as a naval radar mechanic.Ray Forster obituary . International Society of Arachnology. Retrieved 14 February 2013. He was appointed zoologist and assistant director at Canterbury Mu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Beverley Holloway
Beverley Anne Holloway (born October 1931) is a New Zealand entomologist. Holloway is a preeminent lucanid systematist and was awarded the New Zealand Commemoration Medal in 1990 for services to New Zealand as a scientist. She has also been elected a Fellow of the Entomological Society of New Zealand. Biography Holloway was born in Lower Hutt in October 1931. She was educated at Stokes Valley School and Wellington Girls' College before completing a Bachelor of Science degree in 1952 at Victoria University College in Wellington. After graduating, Holloway worked as an assistant entomologist at the Dominion Museum. She continued to undertake part-time study at the Victoria until 1954 when she completed a master's degree with first-class honours in zoology. Holloway was awarded a Fulbright Scholarship in 1955 and as a result spent three years at the Harvard Biological Laboratory. While there she completed a PhD in biology, which was awarded to her in 1959. Upon returning to N ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Holotype
A holotype is a single physical example (or illustration) of an organism, known to have been used when the species (or lower-ranked taxon) was formally described. It is either the single such physical example (or illustration) or one of several examples, but explicitly designated as the holotype. Under the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature (ICZN), a holotype is one of several kinds of name-bearing types. In the International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants (ICN) and ICZN, the definitions of types are similar in intent but not identical in terminology or underlying concept. For example, the holotype for the butterfly '' Plebejus idas longinus'' is a preserved specimen of that subspecies, held by the Museum of Comparative Zoology at Harvard University. In botany, an isotype is a duplicate of the holotype, where holotype and isotypes are often pieces from the same individual plant or samples from the same gathering. A holotype is not necessarily "typ ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Richard Dell
Richard Kenneth Dell (11 July 1920 – 6 March 2002) was a New Zealand malacologist. Biography Dell was born in Auckland in 1920. As a young boy, he took an interest in shells, collecting them from the shores of Waitematā Harbour. He even managed to start a "museum" in his backyard. He also helped curate the Auckland War Memorial Museum shell collection. Dell studied at Mount Albert Grammar School and later at the Auckland University College. He took a teacher’s course at Auckland Teachers' College, but World War II delayed his plans to become a teacher. He joined the New Zealand Artillery, serving on Nissan Island, the Solomon Islands, Southwest Asia, Egypt, and Italy. He later published several papers on the land snails he had collected in the Solomon Islands. In 1946, he married botanist and schoolteacher Miriam Matthews, and they had four daughters together. His wife continued working after their marriage and became a well-known women's advocate. After the war, De ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Stewart Island
Stewart Island ( mi, Rakiura, ' glowing skies', officially Stewart Island / Rakiura) is New Zealand's third-largest island, located south of the South Island, across the Foveaux Strait. It is a roughly triangular island with a total land area of . Its coastline is deeply creased by Paterson Inlet (east), Port Pegasus (south), and Mason Bay (west). The island is generally hilly (rising to at Mount Anglem) and densely forested. Flightless birds, including penguins, thrive because there are few introduced predators. Almost all the island is owned by the New Zealand government and over 80 per cent of the island is set aside as the Rakiura National Park. Stewart Island's economy depends on fishing and summer tourism. Its permanent population was recorded at 408 people in the 2018 census, most of whom live in the settlement of Oban on the eastern side of the island. Ferries connect the settlement to Bluff in the South Island. Stewart Island/Rakiura is part of the Southland Dis ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Toxopidae
Toxopidae is a small family of araneomorph spiders, first described in 1940. For many years it was sunk into Desidae as a subfamily, although doubts were expressed as to whether this was correct. A large-scale molecular phylogenetic study in 2016 led to the family being revived. Genera , the World Spider Catalog accepts the following genera: *''Gasparia'' Marples, 1956 – New Zealand *''Gohia'' Dalmas, 1917 – New Zealand *'' Hapona'' Forster, 1970 – New Zealand *'' Hulua'' Forster & Wilton, 1973 – New Zealand *''Jamara'' Davies, 1995 – Australia *''Laestrygones'' Urquhart, 1894 – New Zealand, Australia *''Lamina'' Forster, 1970 – New Zealand *'' Midgee'' Davies, 1995 – Australia *'' Myro'' O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1876 – Australia, New Zealand *''Neomyro'' Forster & Wilton, 1973 – New Zealand *''Ommatauxesis'' Simon, 1903 – Australia *'' Otagoa'' Forster, 1970 – New Zealand *''Toxops'' Hickman, 1940 – Australia *''Toxopsoides ''Toxopsoides'' is a genus o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Te Papa
The Museum of New Zealand Te Papa Tongarewa is New Zealand's national museum and is located in Wellington. ''Te Papa Tongarewa'' translates literally to "container of treasures" or in full "container of treasured things and people that spring from mother Earth here in New Zealand". Usually known as Te Papa (Māori language, Māori for "Waka huia, the treasure box"), it opened in 1998 after the merging of the National Museum of New Zealand and the National Art Gallery. An average of more than 1.5 million people visit every year, making it the List of most-visited art museums, 17th-most-visited art gallery in the world. Te Papa's philosophy emphasises the living face behind its cultural treasures, many of which retain deep ancestral links to the indigenous Māori people. History Colonial Museum The first predecessor to Te Papa was the ''Colonial Museum'', founded in 1865, with James Hector, Sir James Hector as founding director. The Museum was built on Museum Street, roughly ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Epigyne
The epigyne or epigynum is the external genital structure of female spiders. As the epigyne varies greatly in form in different species, even in closely related ones, it often provides the most distinctive characteristic for recognizing species. It consists of a small, hardened portion of the exoskeleton located on the underside of the abdomen, in front of the epigastric furrow and between the epigastric plates. Functions The primary function of the epigyne is to receive and direct the palpal organ of the male during copulation. The various specific forms of epigynes are correlated, in each case, with corresponding specific differences in the palpus of the male. This specialization prevents individuals of different species from mating. The epigyne covers or accompanies the openings of the spermathecae, which are pouches for receiving and retaining sperm. Frequently, the openings of the spermathecae are on the outer face of the epigyne and can be easily seen. A secondary functi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Trichobothria
Trichobothria (singular trichobothrium) are elongate setae ("hairs") present in arachnids, various orders of insects, and myriapods that function in the detection of airborne vibrations and currents, and electrical charge. In 1883, Friedrich Dahl observed that they were deflected by the sound waves from a violin and labelled them 'hearing hairs'. Morphology Unlike the ordinary setae, which are tapered, the trichobothria have the same gauge throughout their length. They fit into the bottom of a broad and deep cup to which connects a membrane with extreme flexibility which adds an extraordinary mobility to them. The least air vibration is able to get them moving and to excite the small group of sensory cells which ensures their innervation. Distribution Trichobothria are present in most orders of the Arachnida, except in Solifugae, Ricinulei and Opiliones (Grassé, 1949). Although the distribution of trichobothria on the bodies of arachnids is often used by systematists (especially ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
