|
Piotr Firlej (1601-1649)
Piotr Firlej (died 1553) was a Polish nobleman (szlachcic). Firlej married Katarzyna Teczynska and together they had three children: Jan Firlej, Mikołaj Firlej and Andrzej Firlej. Piotr became voivode of Lublin Voivodship in 1537 and voivode of Ruthenian Voivodship in 1545. In 1514 he participated in the Battle of Orsza and was a trusted adviser of Queen Bona Sforza and King Zygmunt II August. He founded the cities of Janowiec and Lubartów and built castles there. He was also the half-owner of a castle in Odrzykoń, sparking a dispute between him and Jan Skotnicki which would later inspire Aleksander Fredro's comedy Zemsta ''Zemsta'' ''(Revenge)'' is a Polish comedy by Aleksander Fredro, a Polish poet, playwright and author active during Polish Romanticism in the period of partitions. ''Zemsta'' belongs to the canon of Polish literature. It is a play in four acts, .... 15th-century births 1553 deaths Polish nobility Piotr Lublin Voivodes {{Poland-nobl ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lewart Coat Of Arms
Lewart is a Polish coat of arms. It was borne by several noble families of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth. Families that descended from the original medieval clan assumed this coat of arms, as well as those legally adopted into the clan. History * Duke Casimir II the Just (High Duke of Poland from 1177 to 1194) initially established the clan in the 12th century. * The coat of arms was bestowed upon its first bearer for a feat of great bravery whilst holding off a superior force in both strength and number. This caused the bestower, King Władysław Łokietek (reigned 1320-1333), to remark that a leopard, if pushed, can defend itself from a lion. * Its origins are German ( frankońskie). The first known judicial record (Wali-ears) originates from 1417 (Z. Dunin-Kozicki, Inscriptiones clenodiales, p. 35). ( Illogical reference from the time AFTER the first mentioning of the surname. Please remove this. ) Blazon The coat of arms is a rampant leopard on either a blue ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bona Sforza
Bona Sforza d'Aragona (2 February 1494 – 19 November 1557) was Queen of Poland and Grand Duchess of Lithuania as the second wife of Sigismund I the Old, and Duchess of Bari and Rossano by her own right. She was a surviving member of the powerful House of Sforza, which had ruled the Duchy of Milan since 1447. Smart, energetic and ambitious, Bona became heavily involved in the political and cultural life of Poland–Lithuania. To increase state revenue during the Chicken Rebellion, she implemented various economic and agricultural reforms, including the far-reaching Wallach Reform in the Grand Duchy of Lithuania. In foreign policy, she was allied with the Ottoman Empire and sometimes opposed the Habsburgs. Her descendants became beneficiaries of the Neapolitan sums, a loan she gave to Philip II of Spain which was never completely paid. Childhood Bona was born on 2 February 1494, in Vigevano, Milan, as the third of the four children of Gian Galeazzo Sforza, legal ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Polish Nobility
The ''szlachta'' (Polish: endonym, Lithuanian: šlėkta) were the noble estate of the realm in the Kingdom of Poland, the Grand Duchy of Lithuania, and the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth who, as a class, had the dominating position in the state, exercising extensive political rights and power. Szlachta as a class differed significantly from the feudal nobility of Western Europe. The estate was officially abolished in 1921 by the March Constitution."Szlachta. Szlachta w Polsce" ''Encyklopedia PWN'' The origins of the ''szlachta'' are obscure and the subject of several theories. Traditionally, its members owned land (allods), [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1553 Deaths
Year 1553 (Roman numerals, MDLIII) was a common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar. Events January–June * May – The first Royal Charter is granted to St Albans, in Kingdom of England, England. * June – The first of the five Battles of Kawanakajima, the "Battle of the Fuse," commences in Japan between Takeda Shingen of Kai Province and Uesugi Kenshin of Echigo Province, part of a major series of conflicts during the Japanese Sengoku Period. * June 26 – Two new schools, Christ's Hospital and King Edward's School, Witley, are created by Royal Charter in accordance with the will of King Edward VI of England; St Thomas' Hospital, London, in existence since the 12th century, is named in the same charter. July–December * July 9 – Battle of Sievershausen: Prince-elector Maurice, Elector of Saxony, Maurice of Saxony defeats the Catholic Church, Catholic forces of Albert Alcibiades, Margrave of Bra ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
15th-century Births
The 15th century was the century which spans the Julian dates from 1 January 1401 ( MCDI) to 31 December 1500 ( MD). In Europe, the 15th century includes parts of the Late Middle Ages, the Early Renaissance, and the early modern period. Many technological, social and cultural developments of the 15th century can in retrospect be seen as heralding the "European miracle" of the following centuries. The architectural perspective, and the modern fields which are known today as banking and accounting were founded in Italy. The Hundred Years' War ended with a decisive French victory over the English in the Battle of Castillon. Financial troubles in England following the conflict resulted in the Wars of the Roses, a series of dynastic wars for the throne of England. The conflicts ended with the defeat of Richard III by Henry VII at the Battle of Bosworth Field, establishing the Tudor dynasty in the later part of the century. Constantinople, known as the capital of the wo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Zemsta
''Zemsta'' ''(Revenge)'' is a Polish comedy by Aleksander Fredro, a Polish poet, playwright and author active during Polish Romanticism in the period of partitions. ''Zemsta'' belongs to the canon of Polish literature. It is a play in four acts, written in the octosyllabic verse mostly in the vernacular of Lesser Poland (Małopolska); filled with proverbs and paraphrased allusions. Background Real events inspired Fredro to write the play. In November 1828, Fredro married Zofia Jablonowska, whose dowry included the title to half of a castle located in Odrzykoń in the province of Galicia. In 1829, when looking through the archives of the castle, Fredro came across some old court records related to a dispute dating from the 17th century between the owners of the castle's two halves - Jan Skotnicki and Piotr Firlej. The conflict was long and relentless. It ended after more than thirty years with the marriage of Firlej's son to Zofia Skotnicka, an end similar to that adopted by ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Aleksander Fredro
Aleksander Fredro (20 June 1793 – 15 July 1876) was a Polish poet, playwright and author active during Polish Romanticism in the period of partitions by neighboring empires. His works including plays written in the octosyllabic verse ('' Zemsta'') and in prose (''Damy i Huzary'') as well as fables, belong to the canon of Polish literature. Fredro was harshly criticized by some of his contemporaries for light-hearted humor or even alleged immorality (Seweryn Goszczyński, 1835) which led to years of his literary silence. Many of Fredro's dozens of plays were published and popularized only after his death. His best-known works have been translated into English, French, German, Russian, Czech, Romanian, Hungarian and Slovak. Biography Count Aleksander Fredro, of the Bończa coat of arms, was born in the village of Surochów near Jarosław, then a crown territory of Austria. A landowner's son, he was educated at home. He entered the Polish army at age 16 and saw action in the Napo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jan Skotnicki
Jan, JaN or JAN may refer to: Acronyms * Jackson, Mississippi (Amtrak station), US, Amtrak station code JAN * Jackson-Evers International Airport, Mississippi, US, IATA code * Jabhat al-Nusra (JaN), a Syrian militant group * Japanese Article Number, a barcode standard compatible with EAN * Japanese Accepted Name, a Japanese nonproprietary drug name * Job Accommodation Network, US, for people with disabilities * ''Joint Army-Navy'', US standards for electronic color codes, etc. * ''Journal of Advanced Nursing'' Personal name * Jan (name), male variant of ''John'', female shortened form of ''Janet'' and ''Janice'' * Jan (Persian name), Persian word meaning 'life', 'soul', 'dear'; also used as a name * Ran (surname), romanized from Mandarin as Jan in Wade–Giles * Ján, Slovak name Other uses * January, as an abbreviation for the first month of the year in the Gregorian calendar * Jan (cards), a term in some card games when a player loses without taking any tricks or scoring a min ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Odrzykoń
Odrzykoń is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Wojaszówka, within Krosno County, Subcarpathian Voivodeship, in south-eastern Poland. It lies approximately south-east of Wojaszówka, north of Krosno, and south-west of the regional capital Rzeszów. The village has a population of 2,900. The history of human settlement here dates back to the period known as the Lusatian culture. In early Middle Ages, a Slavic gord existed here, later replaced with a wooden castle. The castle was burned during the Mongol invasions of Poland, first in 1241 and again in 1259. In a 1348 document, the village was spelled Kamieniec; in 1402 - Ehremberg alias Orzykon; and in 1446, Odrzykoń. In 1348, King Kazimierz Wielki built here Kamieniec Castle, which remained private property of the Kamieniecki family. In 1475, the castle was attacked by Hungarian troops of Matthias Corvinus. On March 12, 1526, Crown Hetman Marcin Kamieniecki invited to the castle Hungarian King John Zapoly ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lubartów
Lubartów () is a town in eastern Poland, with 23,000 inhabitants (2004), situated in Lublin Voivodeship. It is the capital of Lubartów County and the Lubartów Commune. Historically it belongs to Lesser Poland. Lubartów was established in 1543 by Piotr Firlej under a founding order issued by King Sigismund the Old. The town is located north of Lublin, on the Wieprz river, on the border between two geographical regions of Poland - Lublin Upland, and South Podlasie Lowland. Near Lubartów, the ''Kozłowiec Landscape Park'' (''Kozłowiecki Park Krajobrazowy'') is located. The town is the 10th largest urban center of the voivodeship, and its area is . Name The town's original Polish name was ''Lewartów'' (pronounced ɛ'vartuf until 1744, when it was changed to Lubartów. Yiddish language, however, retains the original name ''Lewartów'' to this day (but pronounced lɛvatof. History The history of Lubartów begins on May 29, 1543, when King Sigismund the Old allowed local ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Janowiec
Janowiec is a village in Puławy County, Lublin Voivodeship, in eastern Poland. It is the seat of the gmina (administrative district) called Gmina Janowiec. It lies approximately south-west of Puławy and west of the regional capital Lublin. The village has a population of 1,000. It received its town charter in 1537, but lost it in 1870. The ruins of a large castle are nearby. References ;Notes External links Janowiec at Jewish Records Indexing - Poland Janowiec Janowiec is a village in Puławy County, Lublin Voivodeship, in eastern Poland. It is the seat of the gmina (administrative district) called Gmina Janowiec. It lies approximately south-west of Puławy and west of the regional capital Lublin ... 1537 establishments in Europe {{Puławy-geo-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Zygmunt II August
Sigismund II Augustus ( pl, Zygmunt II August, lt, Žygimantas Augustas; 1 August 1520 – 7 July 1572) was King of Poland and Grand Duke of Lithuania, the son of Sigismund I the Old, whom Sigismund II succeeded in 1548. He was the first ruler of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth and the last male monarch from the Jagiellonian dynasty. Sigismund was the only son of Italian-born Bona Sforza and Sigismund the Old. From the beginning he was groomed and extensively educated as a successor. In 1529 he was crowned '' vivente rege'' while his father was still alive. Sigismund Augustus continued a tolerance policy towards minorities and maintained peaceful relations with neighbouring countries, with the exception of the Northern Seven Years' War which aimed to secure Baltic trade. Under his patronage, culture flourished in Poland; he was a collector of tapestries from the Low Countries and collected military memorabilia as well as swords, armours and jewellery. Sigismund Augustus' ru ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
_and_the_Columns_of_Gediminas%2C_minted_in_1568.jpg "Click for more on -> Zygmunt II August")