|
Phytosauria
Phytosaurs (Φυτόσαυροι in greek) are an extinct group of large, mostly semiaquatic Late Triassic archosauriform reptiles. Phytosaurs belong to the order Phytosauria. Phytosauria and Phytosauridae are often considered to be equivalent groupings containing the same species, but some studies have identified non-phytosaurid phytosaurians. Phytosaurs were long-snouted and heavily armoured, bearing a remarkable resemblance to modern crocodilians in size, appearance, and lifestyle, as an example of convergence or parallel evolution. The name "phytosaur" means "plant reptile", as the first fossils of phytosaurs were mistakenly thought to belong to plant eaters. The name is misleading because the sharp teeth in phytosaur jaws clearly show that they were predators. For many years, phytosaurs were considered to be the most basal group of Pseudosuchia (crocodile-line archosaurs), meaning that they were thought to be more closely related to the crocodilians than to birds (the othe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mesorhinosuchus
''Mesorhinosuchus'' ("middle nose crocodile") is an extinct genus of basal phytosaur possibly known from the Early Triassic (early Olenekian stage) of Saxony-Anhalt, central-eastern Germany. It was first named by Otto Jaekel in 1910 and the type species is ''Mesorhinus fraasi''.Jaekel, O. (1910). Ueber einen neuen Belodonten aus dem Buntsandstein von Bernburg. ''Sitzungsberichte der Gesellschaft Naturforschender Freunde zu Berlin'', 5:197-229. The generic name ''Mesorhinus'' was preoccupied by '' Mesorhinus piramydatus'' Ameghino, 1885, a macraucheniid mammal, which is now considered to be a junior synonym of '' Oxyodontherium''. Thus, an alternative generic name, ''Mesorhinosuchus'', was proposed by Oskar Kuhn in 1961.Kuhn, O. (1961). Die Familien der rezenten und fossilen Amphibien und Reptilien. ''Verlaghus Meisenbach KG, Bamberg'', 1-79. The genus is occasionally misspelled as ''Mesorhinosaurus'', while Stocker and Butler (2013) recently misspelled its original generic name a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Archosauriform
Archosauriformes (Greek for 'ruling lizards', and Latin for 'form') is a clade of diapsid reptiles that developed from archosauromorph ancestors some time in the Latest Permian (roughly 252 million years ago). It was defined by Jacques Gauthier (1994) as the clade stemming from the last common ancestor of Proterosuchidae and Archosauria (the group that contains crocodiles, pterosaurs and dinosaurs bird.html"_;"title="ncluding_bird">ncluding_birds;_Phil_Senter.html" ;"title="bird">ncluding_birds.html" ;"title="bird.html" ;"title="ncluding bird">ncluding birds">bird.html" ;"title="ncluding bird">ncluding birds; Phil Senter">bird">ncluding_birds.html" ;"title="bird.html" ;"title="ncluding bird">ncluding birds">bird.html" ;"title="ncluding bird">ncluding birds; Phil Senter (2005) defined it as the most exclusive clade containing ''Proterosuchus'' and Archosauria. These reptiles, which include members of the family Proterosuchidae and more advanced forms, were originally superficiall ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Clepsysaurus
''Clepsysaurus'' is a dubious genus of extinct archosaur described by Isaac Lea in 1851 from remains discovered in the Carnian Passaic Formation of Lehigh County, Pennsylvania. Two species are known: ''C. pennsylvanicus'' (the type species) and ''C. veatleianus''. The holotype of ''C. pennsylvanicus'', ANSP 9526, 9555-71, 9594-5, consists of teeth, ribs and vertebrae, while the holotype of ''C. veatleianus'', AMNH 2331, consists of a single tooth, with AMNH 2330, a tooth, as a referred specimen. Other specimens of ''C. pennsylvanicus'' are known, including ANSP 15071 (a left anterior dentary with 23 teeth, a right dentary with 30 teeth and a portion of the right temporal region) and AMNH 2337 (a single tooth). ''Clepsysaurus'' was traditionally classed as a sauropodomorph, but more recent studies indicate that it was either a dubious basal archosaur or a member of the Phytosauria. ''Clepsysaurus'' was eventually seen as a synonym of either the dubious archosaur ''Palaeosaurus'' or ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Diandongosuchus
''Diandongosuchus'' is an extinct genus of archosauriform reptile, possibly a member of the Phytosauria, known from the Middle Triassic of China. The type species ''Diandongosuchus fuyuanensis'' was named in 2012 from the Falang Formation of Yunnan Province. It is a marine species that shows similarities with another Chinese Triassic species called '' Qianosuchus mixtus'', although it has fewer adaptations toward marine life. It was originally classified as the basal-most member of the pseudosuchian clade Poposauroidea. However, a subsequent study conducted by Stocker ''et al.'' (2016, 2017) indicated it to be the basalmost known phytosaur instead. Description ''Diandongosuchus'' is known from a nearly complete articulated skeleton ( ZMNH M8770) missing most of the tail. The total length of ZMNH M8770 is and the estimated body length of the animal in life is around . The specimen is preserved on its right side, with the underside of the lower jaws and the trunk showing. It was ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Omosaurus
''Omosaurus'' is a dubious genus of extinct crurotarsan reptile, possibly a phytosaur, from the Late Triassic (Carnian) of North Carolina. Only scant remains are known, which makes ''Omosaurus'' hard to classify. The type, and only species, ''Omosaurus perplexus'', was named and described in 1856 by Joseph Leidy. Discovery and naming In the middle of the nineteenth century, geologist Professor Ebenezer Emmons discovered several reptilian teeth in the colliery of the Chatham company in North Carolina. In 1856, the fossils in his collection were described by paleontologist Joseph Leidy. Leidy combined the teeth with some vertebrae and ribs; adding to them an osteoderm or scute found in the same strata by Professor Michael Tuomey, he named the whole ''Omosaurus perplexus'' based on the holotype specimen BMNH 46013.J. Leidy, (1856), "Notice of remains of extinct vertebrated animals discovered by Professor E. Emmons", ''Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Parasuchidae
Parasuchidae is a clade of phytosaurs more derived than ''Diandongosuchus'', a basal phytosaur. It encompasses nearly all phytosaurs, include early ''Parasuchus''-grade forms as well as a more restricted clade of more specialized phytosaurs. This more restricted clade is traditionally known as the family Phytosauridae and more recently as the subfamily Mystriosuchinae. Parasuchids have been recovered from Late Triassic deposits in Europe, North America, India, Morocco, Thailand, Brazil, Greenland and Madagascar. In their osteology of ''Parasuchus'', Kammerer et al. (2016) suggested using Parasuchidae to include taxa traditionally included in Phytosauridae as well as ''Parasuchus''-grade taxa. Stocker et al. (2017) use the phytosaur classification advocated by Kammerer et al. (2016) by recovering ''Diandongosuchus ''Diandongosuchus'' is an extinct genus of archosauriform reptile, possibly a member of the Phytosauria, known from the Middle Triassic of China. The type species '' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Termatosaurus
''Termatosaurus'' ("end lizard", because it came from the end of the Upper Triassic) is a genus of archosaur known from several tooth specimens differentiated between two species. Its remains come from the Upper Triassic and was once thought to have survived until the Early Jurassic, but the Jurassic remains were redescribed as plesiosaur remains. It has only been found in France, England, Germany and Switzerland. and two species are known of this animal: the type species, ''Termatosaurus albertii'', named by Meyer and T. Plieninger in 1844; and ''T. crocodilinus'', by Quenstedt (1858). It is very obscure and apparently considered to be dubious. According to Oskar Kuhn, ''Termatosaurus'' is a plesiosaur (of the Rhomaleosauridae), while according to other sources, it is a phytosaur.H. v. Meyer. (1845). System der fossilen Saurier axonomy of fossil saurians ''Neues Jahrbuch für Mineralogie, Geognosie, Geologie und Petrefakten-Kunde'' 1845:278-285 Currently, ''Termatosaurus'' is ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Phytosaurus
''Phytosaurus'' (meaning "plant lizard") is a nomen dubium, dubious genus of Extinction, extinct Parasuchidae, parasuchid phytosaur found in an outcrop of the Keuper (likely the Exter Formation) in Germany. ''Phytosaurus'' was the first phytosaur to be described, being done so by Georg Friedrich von Jaeger in 1828.G. F. Jaeger. (1828). Über die Fossile Reptilien, Welche in Württemberg Aufgefunden Sind [On the Fossil Reptiles That Are Found in Württemberg]. ''Verlag der Metzler'schen Buchhandlung, Stuttgart'' 1-48 The type species is ''P. cylindricodon'' and a second species, ''P. cubicodon'', is also known. Discovery and naming In 1826, the holotype, holotypes of both species were discovered in Württemberg, Wurttemburg, Germany at the "Neckar" site at the base of the hill which Wildenau Castle stands upon. The holotype of ''P. cylindricodon'' consists of parts of the skull and jaws, with natural casts of the teeth which, however, did not preserve their conical form but were ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Francosuchus
''Francosuchus'' is a dubious genus of probably basal phytosaur known from the Late Triassic (late Carnian stage) of Bavaria, southern Germany. It was named by Oskar Kuhn in 1933 and the type species is ''Francosuchus broilii''. In the same article Kuhn also named a second species ''Francosuchus latus''. Both species were known solely from their holotypes, two partial skulls that were housed at the Bavarian State Collection for Palaeontogy and Geology. Both specimens were collected at Ebrach Quarry, bed number 13 from the late Carnian-aged Blasensandstein Member of the Hassberge Formation.Kuhn, O. (1933). Labyrinthodonten und Parasuchier aus dem mittleren Keuper von Ebrach in Oberfranken. ''Neues Jahrbuch für Mineralogie, Geologie, und Paläontologie, Beilage-Band, Abteilung B'', 69:94-144. As the holotypes were destroyed during World War II and poorly documented, ''Francosuchus'' and its species are usually considered to be nomina dubia. Kuhn (1936) described and named a thi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Phytosauridae
Parasuchidae is a clade of phytosaurs more derived than ''Diandongosuchus'', a basal phytosaur. It encompasses nearly all phytosaurs, include early ''Parasuchus''-grade forms as well as a more restricted clade of more specialized phytosaurs. This more restricted clade is traditionally known as the family Phytosauridae and more recently as the subfamily Mystriosuchinae. Parasuchids have been recovered from Late Triassic deposits in Europe, North America, India, Morocco, Thailand, Brazil, Greenland and Madagascar. In their osteology of ''Parasuchus'', Kammerer et al. (2016) suggested using Parasuchidae to include taxa traditionally included in Phytosauridae as well as ''Parasuchus''-grade taxa. Stocker et al. (2017) use the phytosaur classification advocated by Kammerer et al. (2016) by recovering ''Diandongosuchus ''Diandongosuchus'' is an extinct genus of archosauriform reptile, possibly a member of the Phytosauria, known from the Middle Triassic of China. The type species '' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Compsosaurus
''Compsosaurus'' (meaning "elegant lizard") is an extinct genus of phytosaur, a crocodile-like reptile that lived during the Triassic. Its fossils have been found in North Carolina. The type species, ''Compsosaurus priscus'', was named by American paleontologist Joseph Leidy in 1856, although other sources say 1857. ''Compsosaurus'' may have been the same animal as the related ''Belodon''. Only four teeth are known, discovered in the Carnian-Rhaetian-aged coal fields of Chatham County, North Carolina (probably Red Sandstone Formation) and the New Oxford Formation of Pennsylvania Pennsylvania (; ( Pennsylvania Dutch: )), officially the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, is a state spanning the Mid-Atlantic, Northeastern, Appalachian, and Great Lakes regions of the United States. It borders Delaware to its southeast, .... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Belodon
''Belodon'' (meaning "arrow tooth") is a genus of phytosaur, a crocodile-like reptile that lived during the Triassic. Its fossils have been found in Europe and elsewhere. The type species, ''Belodon plieningeri'', was named by prolific German paleontologist Christian Erich Hermann von Meyer in 1844. Many other species were also named, among them ''Belodon buceros'' (named by Edward Drinker Cope in 1881),Cope, E.D. (1881). "''Belodon'' in New Mexico". ''American Naturalist'' 15: 922-923. ''Belodon kapfii'' (von Meyer, 1861), ''Belodon lepturus'' (Cope, 1870),Cope, E.D. (1870). "Reptilia of the Triassic Formation of the United States". ''American Naturalist'' 4: 562-563. ''Belodon priscus'' (originally described as ''Compsosaurus priscus'' by Joseph Leidy in 1856),Leidy, J. (1856). "Notice of some remains of extinct vertebrated animals". ''Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia'' 163-165. ''Belodon scolopax'' (Cope, 1881), and ''Belodon validus'' (Othniel Ch ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
