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Archosauriform
Archosauriformes (Greek for 'ruling lizards', and Latin for 'form') is a clade of diapsid reptiles that developed from archosauromorph ancestors some time in the Latest Permian (roughly 252 million years ago). It was defined by Jacques Gauthier (1994) as the clade stemming from the last common ancestor of Proterosuchidae and Archosauria (the group that contains crocodiles, pterosaurs and dinosaurs bird.html"_;"title="ncluding_bird">ncluding_birds;_Phil_Senter.html" ;"title="bird">ncluding_birds.html" ;"title="bird.html" ;"title="ncluding bird">ncluding birds">bird.html" ;"title="ncluding bird">ncluding birds; Phil Senter">bird">ncluding_birds.html" ;"title="bird.html" ;"title="ncluding bird">ncluding birds">bird.html" ;"title="ncluding bird">ncluding birds; Phil Senter (2005) defined it as the most exclusive clade containing ''Proterosuchus'' and Archosauria. These reptiles, which include members of the family Proterosuchidae and more advanced forms, were originally superficiall ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Asperoris
''Asperoris'' is an extinct genus of archosauriform reptile known from the Middle Triassic Manda Beds of southwestern Tanzania. It is the first archosauriform known from the Manda Beds that is not an archosaur. However, its relationships with other non-archosaurian archosauriforms are uncertain. It was first named by Sterling J. Nesbitt, Richard J. Butler and David J. Gower in 2013 and the type species is ''Asperoris mnyama''. ''Asperoris'' means "rough face" in Latin, referring to the distinctive rough texture of its skull bones. Discovery ''Asperoris'' is known solely from the well-preserved but incomplete holotype skull NHMUK PV R36615, which includes the right premaxilla and maxilla bones of the upper jaw, the right nasal, prefrontal, frontal, postfrontal, and parietal bones of the top of the skull, and part of the right postorbital bone behind the eye socket, as well as three unidentified skull fragments. NHMUK PV R36615 was discovered by a joint 1963 expedition of the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Erythrosuchidae
Erythrosuchidae (meaning "red crocodiles" in Greek) are a family of large basal archosauriform carnivores that lived from the later Early Triassic (Olenekian) to the early Middle Triassic (Anisian). Naming The family Erythrosuchidae was named by David Meredith Seares Watson in 1917.D.M.S. Watson. 1917. "A sketch classification of the Pre-Jurassic tetrapod vertebrates". ''Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London'' 1917: 167–186 Description They were the apex predators of their day, with lengths of to almost . Their fossil remains are known to date from South Africa (Beaufort Group of the Karoo Basin), China, India and European Russia, from the Early to Middle Triassic. Erythrosuchids were unusually large and robust archosauromorphs. Several features set them apart from other archosauriformes and are also seen in later, more derived archosaurs. For example, they lack teeth on the palate, which are found in other early archosauriformes, such as ''Doswellia'' and eupar ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Proterosuchidae
Proterosuchidae is an early family of basal archosauriforms whose fossils are known from the Latest Permian and the Early Triassic of Europe, Asia, Africa, Australia and possibly South America. The name comes from Greek πρότερο- ("first") and σοῦχος ("crocodile"). Description They were slender, medium-sized (about long, largest specimens reached ), long-snouted and superficially crocodile-like animals, although they lacked the armoured scutes of true crocodiles, and their skeletal features are much more primitive. The limbs are short and indicate a sprawling posture, like contemporary lizards but unlike most later archosaurs. Their most characteristic feature is a distinct down-turning of the premaxilla (the front of the upper jaw, which overhangs the lower jaw). Evolutionary history The terminal Permian catastrophe, which killed off 95% of all types of life, cleared the world of all large therapsids and allowed the proterosuchids to become the top predators. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Syntomiprosopus
''Syntomiprosopus'' (meaning "short face") is an extinct genus of archosauriform, possibly a crocodylomorph from the Late Triassic period of Arizona. The type and only known species is ''S. sucherorum''. ''Syntomiprosopus'' was unusually short-snouted, comparable to the Late Cretaceous notosuchian ''Simosuchus'', and is regarded as an example of convergent evolution between Triassic stem-archosaurs and Cretaceous archosaurs. Discovery and naming Fossils of ''Syntomiprosopus'' were discovered at a locality in the Downs' Quarry located in eastern Arizona, just above the "''Placerias'' Quarry" and just below the principal horizon of the Downs' Quarry. The fossils were recovered during joint excavations by the North Carolina Museum of Natural Sciences (NCSM) and Appalachian State University (ASU) between 2013 and 2015 as part of a series of excavations that had begun in 2010. The quarry is part of the expansive Late Triassic Chinle Formation, and has been radiometrically dated to ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kalisuchus
''Kalisuchus'' ('Kali's crocodile') was a genus of basal archosauriform known from remains unearthed from the Arcadia Formation ( Rewan Group) of the Early Triassic of the Crater, Southwest of Rolleston, south central Queensland, Australia. It was named after Kali, the Hindu goddess of destruction, a reference to the very fragmentary nature of its remains. The type species of ''Kalisuchus'' is ''K. rewanensis,'' which refers to the Rewan Group. The Arcadia formation is dated to the Induan age at the very beginning of the Triassic, making ''Kalisuchus'' one of the oldest archosauromorphs known in Australia. Description The holotype of ''Kalisuchus'' is a partial left maxilla, QM F8998. Although many other fragmentary bones from the Arcadia Formation were referred to the genus, the lack of overlap between these bones and the holotype makes these referrals dubious. One of the referred bones, QM F9521, was originally believed to be an unusual jugal but was subsequently interprete ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Vonhuenia
''Vonhuenia'' (named after Friedrich von Huene) is an extinct genus of basal archosauriform from the Early Triassic of Russia. Fossils have been found in the Vokhminskaya Formation, along the Vetluga River that are Induan in age, making ''Vonhuenia'' one of the earliest archosauriforms. Classification The type species ''V. friedrichi'', named in 1992, is based on material that was misassigned to the genus ''Chasmatosuchus'' by Ochev (1978). Although originally classified as a proterosuchid, a 2016 cladistic analysis recovered it as a non-eucrocopodan archosauriform of uncertain position.Ezcurra, M.D. (2016),The phylogenetic relationships of basal archosauromorphs, with an emphasis on the systematics of proterosuchian archosauriforms. PeerJ4:e1778;DOI10.7717/peerj.1778 Paleobiology ''Vonhuenia'' was a small archosauriform that lived alongside amphibians like ''Tupilakosaurus'' and ''Luzocephalus'', small reptiles like ''Phaanthosaurus'', and the large-bodied dicynodont ''Lystrosa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Vjushkovisaurus
''Vjushkovisaurus'' is an extinct genus of Middle Triassic archosauriform. It is known from the Anisian-aged Donguz Gorizont in Sol-Iletsk, Orenburg Oblast, Russia. The genus was named in 1982, with the type species being ''V. berdjanensis''. Material has been collected in the Berdyanka II locality from a fossil assemblage called the ''Eryosuchus'' Fauna along the Berdyanka River, specifically in a sand-carbonate concretion in the upper part of the main river channel. ''Vjushkovisaurus'' is known only from the holotype PIN 2865/62 (formerly SGU 104/3871), a partial postcranial skeleton which consists of 12 presacral vertebrae, left humerus, ribs, a fragment of the coracoid and a fragment of the fibula. Description Most rauisuchids have a crest on the ilium called the supra-acetabular process that overlies the head of the femur, allowing them to have a "pillar-erect" stance. As an early rauisuchid ''Vjushkovisaurus'' lacks this crest, but it does have a small thickening on the s ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Eorasaurus
''Eorasaurus'' is an extinct genus of archosauromorph reptile known from the middle Late Permian (late Capitanian or early Wuchiapingian age) of Tatarstan, European Russia. It contains a single species, ''Eorasaurus olsoni''. When originally described by Sennikov (1997), ''Eorasaurus'' was identified as an early archosauromorph and assigned to the family Protorosauridae, Ezcurra ''et al.'' (2014) and Ezcurra (2016) later reclassified ''Eorasaurus'' and placed it within the group Archosauriformes. ''Eorasaurus'' is based solely on scant fossil material from the neck region, and is thus considered an unstable taxon in phylogenetic analyses. If ''Eorasaurus'' is an archosauriform, it would be the oldest known member of the group and would pre-date the previous record holder (the proterosuchid ''Archosaurus''). Discovery ''Eorasaurus'' was named by Andrey G. Sennikov in 1997. It is known from four specimens representing a single individual, PIN 156/108 through PIN 156/111. These ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Euparkeria
''Euparkeria'' (; meaning "Parker's good animal", named in honor of W.K. Parker) is an extinct genus of archosauriform from the Middle Triassic of South Africa. It was a small reptile that lived between 245-230 million years ago, and was close to the ancestry of Archosauria, the group that includes dinosaurs, pterosaurs, birds and crocodilians. ''Euparkeria'' had hind limbs that were slightly longer than its forelimbs, which has been taken as evidence that it may have been able to rear up on its hind legs as a facultative biped. Although ''Euparkeria'' is close to the ancestry of fully bipedal archosaurs such as early dinosaurs, it probably developed bipedalism independently. ''Euparkeria'' was not as well adapted to bipedal locomotion as dinosaurs and its normal movement was probably more analogous to a crocodilian high walk. Palaeobiology Locomotion The hind limbs of ''Euparkeria'' are somewhat longer than its forelimbs, which has led many researchers to conclude that it ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cuyosuchus
''Cuyosuchus'' is an extinct genus of archosauriform reptile. Its fossils have been found in Late Triassic-aged rocks of the Cacheuta Formation, Cuyo Basin, Mendoza, Argentina. ''Cuyosuchus'' is based on MCNAM 2669, a partial postcranial skeleton including 26 vertebrae from all parts of the spinal column, ribs, partial pectoral girdles, part of the pelvis, upper arms and part of the lower arms, the left thigh bone and shin, pitted armor scutes, and fragments. It was described in 1961 by Osvaldo Reig and named after the Cuyo Basin; the type species is ''C. huenei'', referring to German paleontologist Friedrich von Huene. Although originally described as a proterosuchid Proterosuchidae is an early family of basal archosauriforms whose fossils are known from the Latest Permian and the Early Triassic of Europe, Asia, Africa, Australia and possibly South America. The name comes from Greek πρότερο- ("first") ..., restudy by Julia Desojo and colleagues in 2003 found ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Erythrosuchus
''Erythrosuchus'' (from el, ἐρυθρός , 'red' and el, σοῦχος , 'crocodile') is an extinct genus of archosauriform reptile from the Triassic of South Africa. Remains have been found from the Cynognathus Assemblage Zone of the Beaufort Group in the Karoo of South Africa. In the Late Triassic, the ecological niche left by ''Erythrosuchus'' was filled by archosaurs like ''Saurosuchus'' and ''Postosuchus''. Description ''Erythrosuchus'' was the largest predator of its time, and was around long. It walked on all fours and had limbs which were positioned semi-vertically under its body, unlike the more sprawling gait of most earlier reptiles. Its head was large and theropod-like, reaching a length of , and had sharp, conical teeth. ''Erythrosuchus'' was the largest erythrosuchid, but apart from its size, was largely similar in appearance to other related genera. It had a large head and comparatively short neck. One of the few distinguishing features of ''Erythrosuchus' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sarmatosuchus
''Sarmatosuchus'' is an extinct genus of archosauriform reptile found in sediments of Middle Triassic age and known from the single species ''Sarmatosuchus otschevi''. It is one of the earliest stem-archosaur species known. The holotype and only specimen was found in lithified river deposits of the Donguz Formation exposed near the Berdyanka River, Orenburg region, Russia. 1994 "Pervyj srednetriansovyj proteroscchid iz Vostochnoy Evropy." ''Doklady Akademii Nauk'' 336:359-661 The genus was originally included in the extinct family Proterosuchidae. However, later analysis by David Gower and Andrei Sennikov, the describing author, has removed it from the Proterosuchidae and designated it a basal archosauriform Archosauriformes (Greek for 'ruling lizards', and Latin for 'form') is a clade of diapsid reptiles that developed from archosauromorph ancestors some time in the Latest Permian (roughly 252 million years ago). It was defined by Jacques Gauthier .... & 1997, "Sarmatosuc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
