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Philaenus Maghresignus
''Philaenus'' is a genus of insects belonging to the family Aphrophoridae, the spittlebugs. The meadow spittlebug ''Philaenus spumarius'' is a common insect in much of the Northern Hemisphere, and it is sometimes a pest on crops such as alfalfa. It is important to science because its entire genome has been sequenced. It has also been the subject of many studies of genetic diversity because it displays marked color polymorphism. There are sixteen color phenotypes, with individuals taking various dark, pale, mottled, and striped patterns. Most other ''Philaenus'' species are also color polymorphic. Many species are polyphagous, feeding on a number of plants. Some species specialize on one host plant, the common asphodel (''Asphodelus aestivus'').Maryańska-Nadachowska, A., et al. (2013)Chromosomal location of rDNA clusters and TTAGG telomeric repeats in eight species of the spittlebug genus ''Philaenus'' (Hemiptera: Auchenorrhyncha: Aphrophoridae).''European Journal of Entomology ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Philaenus Spumarius
''Philaenus spumarius'', the meadow froghopper or meadow spittlebug, is a species of insect belonging to the spittlebug family Aphrophoridae. In Italy and America, it is economically important as one of the vectors of Pierce's Disease (''Xylella fastidiosa''). Etymology The genus name ''Philaenus'' comes from the Greek ''philein'' ("love"), while the species name ''spumarius'' is from the Latin ''spuma'' ("sparkling"), referring to the foam nests; the binomial ''Philaenus spumarius'' can be translated as "foam lover." Varietas Varietas within this species include: *''Philaenus spumarius var. populellus'' *''Philaenus spumarius var. vittatus'' *''Philaenus spumarius var. lateralis'' *''Philaenus spumarius var. fasciatus'' *''Philaenus spumarius var. gibbus'' Distribution ''Philaenus spumarius'' is quite common and widespread. The species' original distribution was restricted to the Palearctic realm. They are present in most of Europe, in North Africa, in part of Russia, in A ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Polymorphism (biology)
In biology, polymorphism is the occurrence of two or more clearly different morphs or forms, also referred to as alternative ''phenotypes'', in the population of a species. To be classified as such, morphs must occupy the same habitat at the same time and belong to a panmictic population (one with random mating). Ford E.B. 1965. ''Genetic polymorphism''. Faber & Faber, London. Put simply, polymorphism is when there are two or more possibilities of a trait on a gene. For example, there is more than one possible trait in terms of a jaguar's skin colouring; they can be light morph or dark morph. Due to having more than one possible variation for this gene, it is termed 'polymorphism'. However, if the jaguar has only one possible trait for that gene, it would be termed "monomorphic". For example, if there was only one possible skin colour that a jaguar could have, it would be termed monomorphic. The term polyphenism can be used to clarify that the different forms arise from the s ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hemiptera Of Europe
Hemiptera (; ) is an order (biology), order of insects, commonly called true bugs, comprising over 80,000 species within groups such as the cicadas, aphids, planthoppers, leafhoppers, Reduviidae, assassin bugs, Cimex, bed bugs, and shield bugs. They range in size from to around , and share a common arrangement of piercing-sucking Insect mouthparts, mouthparts. The name "true bugs" is often limited to the suborder Heteroptera. Entomologists reserve the term ''bug'' for Hemiptera or Heteroptera,Gilbert Waldbauer. ''The Handy Bug Answer Book.'' Visible Ink, 1998p. 1. which does not include other arthropods or insects of other orders such as Ant, ants, Bee, bees, Beetle, beetles, or Butterfly, butterflies. In some variations of English, all Terrestrial animal, terrestrial arthropods (including non-insect arachnids, and myriapods) also fall under the Colloquialism, colloquial understanding of ''bug''. Many insects with "bug" in their common name, especially in American English, belo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Philaenus Tesselatus
''Philaenus'' is a genus of insects belonging to the family Aphrophoridae, the spittlebugs. The meadow spittlebug ''Philaenus spumarius'' is a common insect in much of the Northern Hemisphere, and it is sometimes a pest on crops such as alfalfa. It is important to science because its entire genome has been sequenced. It has also been the subject of many studies of genetic diversity because it displays marked color polymorphism. There are sixteen color phenotypes, with individuals taking various dark, pale, mottled, and striped patterns. Most other ''Philaenus'' species are also color polymorphic. Many species are polyphagous, feeding on a number of plants. Some species specialize on one host plant, the common asphodel (''Asphodelus aestivus'').Maryańska-Nadachowska, A., et al. (2013)Chromosomal location of rDNA clusters and TTAGG telomeric repeats in eight species of the spittlebug genus ''Philaenus'' (Hemiptera: Auchenorrhyncha: Aphrophoridae).''European Journal of Entomology ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Philaenus Tarifa
''Philaenus'' is a genus of insects belonging to the family Aphrophoridae, the spittlebugs. The meadow spittlebug ''Philaenus spumarius'' is a common insect in much of the Northern Hemisphere, and it is sometimes a pest on crops such as alfalfa. It is important to science because its entire genome has been sequenced. It has also been the subject of many studies of genetic diversity because it displays marked color polymorphism. There are sixteen color phenotypes, with individuals taking various dark, pale, mottled, and striped patterns. Most other ''Philaenus'' species are also color polymorphic. Many species are polyphagous, feeding on a number of plants. Some species specialize on one host plant, the common asphodel (''Asphodelus aestivus'').Maryańska-Nadachowska, A., et al. (2013)Chromosomal location of rDNA clusters and TTAGG telomeric repeats in eight species of the spittlebug genus ''Philaenus'' (Hemiptera: Auchenorrhyncha: Aphrophoridae).''European Journal of Entomology ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Philaenus Signatus
''Philaenus'' is a genus of insects belonging to the family Aphrophoridae, the spittlebugs. The meadow spittlebug ''Philaenus spumarius'' is a common insect in much of the Northern Hemisphere, and it is sometimes a pest on crops such as alfalfa. It is important to science because its entire genome has been sequenced. It has also been the subject of many studies of genetic diversity because it displays marked color polymorphism. There are sixteen color phenotypes, with individuals taking various dark, pale, mottled, and striped patterns. Most other ''Philaenus'' species are also color polymorphic. Many species are polyphagous, feeding on a number of plants. Some species specialize on one host plant, the common asphodel (''Asphodelus aestivus'').Maryańska-Nadachowska, A., et al. (2013)Chromosomal location of rDNA clusters and TTAGG telomeric repeats in eight species of the spittlebug genus ''Philaenus'' (Hemiptera: Auchenorrhyncha: Aphrophoridae).''European Journal of Entomology ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Philaenus Maghresignus
''Philaenus'' is a genus of insects belonging to the family Aphrophoridae, the spittlebugs. The meadow spittlebug ''Philaenus spumarius'' is a common insect in much of the Northern Hemisphere, and it is sometimes a pest on crops such as alfalfa. It is important to science because its entire genome has been sequenced. It has also been the subject of many studies of genetic diversity because it displays marked color polymorphism. There are sixteen color phenotypes, with individuals taking various dark, pale, mottled, and striped patterns. Most other ''Philaenus'' species are also color polymorphic. Many species are polyphagous, feeding on a number of plants. Some species specialize on one host plant, the common asphodel (''Asphodelus aestivus'').Maryańska-Nadachowska, A., et al. (2013)Chromosomal location of rDNA clusters and TTAGG telomeric repeats in eight species of the spittlebug genus ''Philaenus'' (Hemiptera: Auchenorrhyncha: Aphrophoridae).''European Journal of Entomology ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Philaenus Loukasi
''Philaenus'' is a genus of insects belonging to the family Aphrophoridae, the spittlebugs. The meadow spittlebug ''Philaenus spumarius'' is a common insect in much of the Northern Hemisphere, and it is sometimes a pest on crops such as alfalfa. It is important to science because its entire genome has been sequenced. It has also been the subject of many studies of genetic diversity because it displays marked color polymorphism. There are sixteen color phenotypes, with individuals taking various dark, pale, mottled, and striped patterns. Most other ''Philaenus'' species are also color polymorphic. Many species are polyphagous, feeding on a number of plants. Some species specialize on one host plant, the common asphodel (''Asphodelus aestivus'').Maryańska-Nadachowska, A., et al. (2013)Chromosomal location of rDNA clusters and TTAGG telomeric repeats in eight species of the spittlebug genus ''Philaenus'' (Hemiptera: Auchenorrhyncha: Aphrophoridae).''European Journal of Entomology ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Philaenus Italosignus
''Philaenus'' is a genus of insects belonging to the family Aphrophoridae, the spittlebugs. The meadow spittlebug ''Philaenus spumarius'' is a common insect in much of the Northern Hemisphere, and it is sometimes a pest on crops such as alfalfa. It is important to science because its entire genome has been sequenced. It has also been the subject of many studies of genetic diversity because it displays marked color polymorphism. There are sixteen color phenotypes, with individuals taking various dark, pale, mottled, and striped patterns. Most other ''Philaenus'' species are also color polymorphic. Many species are polyphagous, feeding on a number of plants. Some species specialize on one host plant, the common asphodel (''Asphodelus aestivus'').Maryańska-Nadachowska, A., et al. (2013)Chromosomal location of rDNA clusters and TTAGG telomeric repeats in eight species of the spittlebug genus ''Philaenus'' (Hemiptera: Auchenorrhyncha: Aphrophoridae).''European Journal of Entomology ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Philaenus Arslani
''Philaenus'' is a genus of insects belonging to the family Aphrophoridae, the spittlebugs. The meadow spittlebug ''Philaenus spumarius'' is a common insect in much of the Northern Hemisphere, and it is sometimes a pest on crops such as alfalfa. It is important to science because its entire genome has been sequenced. It has also been the subject of many studies of genetic diversity because it displays marked color polymorphism. There are sixteen color phenotypes, with individuals taking various dark, pale, mottled, and striped patterns. Most other ''Philaenus'' species are also color polymorphic. Many species are polyphagous, feeding on a number of plants. Some species specialize on one host plant, the common asphodel (''Asphodelus aestivus'').Maryańska-Nadachowska, A., et al. (2013)Chromosomal location of rDNA clusters and TTAGG telomeric repeats in eight species of the spittlebug genus ''Philaenus'' (Hemiptera: Auchenorrhyncha: Aphrophoridae).''European Journal of Entomology ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Asphodelus Aestivus
''Asphodelus aestivus'', the summer asphodel, is a species of asphodel, a common Western Mediterranean geophyte with a short vertical rhizome and basal leaves. Its flowers are actinomorphic, pinkish-white, with six perianth segments, 14–19 mm long and six stamens of the same length, in two whorls. Its distribution is limited to the Western Mediterranean, mainly found in Portugal and Spain on the European mainland. There has been a lot of confusion over the nomenclature and taxonomy of the species, owing to its similarity to ''Asphodelus ramosus''. It grows in dry grasslands, phrygana and on rocky or sandy ground. Physical characteristics The ''Asphodelus aestivus'' is a geophyte, having an underground storage organ which enables the plant to survive adverse conditions, such as excessive heat and drought. Its leaves, growing to a height of –, contain alkaloids that are harmful to sheep and goats in the wet, winter months, but during the summer when their leaves dry out, t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Phenotype
In genetics, the phenotype () is the set of observable characteristics or traits of an organism. The term covers the organism's morphology or physical form and structure, its developmental processes, its biochemical and physiological properties, its behavior, and the products of behavior. An organism's phenotype results from two basic factors: the expression of an organism's genetic code, or its genotype, and the influence of environmental factors. Both factors may interact, further affecting phenotype. When two or more clearly different phenotypes exist in the same population of a species, the species is called polymorphic. A well-documented example of polymorphism is Labrador Retriever coloring; while the coat color depends on many genes, it is clearly seen in the environment as yellow, black, and brown. Richard Dawkins in 1978 and then again in his 1982 book ''The Extended Phenotype'' suggested that one can regard bird nests and other built structures such as cad ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
