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Petalifera Petalifera
''Petalifera'' is a genus of sea slugs or sea hares, marine gastropod mollusks belonging to the family Aplysiidae, the sea hares. Some authors place this genus in a separate family Dolabriferidae. A new study, published in September 2004, has shown that the genus ''Petalifera'' is paraphyletic. (Note: Gastropod taxonomy has been in flux for more than half a century, and this is especially true currently, because of new research in molecular phylogeny. Because of all the ongoing changes, different reliable sources can yield very different classifications.) A more general description can be found on the page of the superfamily Aplysioidea. Description The parapodia (fleshy winglike outgrowths), as can be seen in photos of ''Petalifera petalifera'', are almost completely fused. The pair of small rounded flaps form the parapodial cavity over the mantle cavity and the vestigial shell. These sea hares swim by coiling and uncoiling the body. Species *'' Petalifera albomaculata'' F ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
John Edward Gray
John Edward Gray, FRS (12 February 1800 – 7 March 1875) was a British zoologist. He was the elder brother of zoologist George Robert Gray and son of the pharmacologist and botanist Samuel Frederick Gray (1766–1828). The same is used for a zoological name. Gray was keeper of zoology at the British Museum in London from 1840 until Christmas 1874, before the natural history holdings were split off to the Natural History Museum. He published several catalogues of the museum collections that included comprehensive discussions of animal groups and descriptions of new species. He improved the zoological collections to make them amongst the best in the world. Biography Gray was born in Walsall, but his family soon moved to London, where Gray studied medicine. He assisted his father in writing ''The Natural Arrangement of British Plants'' (1821). After being blackballed by the Linnean Society of London, Gray shifted his interest from botany to zoology. He began his zoologica ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mantle (mollusc)
The mantle (also known by the Latin word pallium meaning mantle, robe or cloak, adjective pallial) is a significant part of the anatomy of molluscs: it is the dorsal body wall which covers the visceral mass and usually protrudes in the form of flaps well beyond the visceral mass itself. In many species of molluscs the epidermis of the mantle secretes calcium carbonate and conchiolin, and creates a shell. In sea slugs there is a progressive loss of the shell and the mantle becomes the dorsal surface of the animal. The words mantle and pallium both originally meant cloak or cape, see mantle (vesture). This anatomical structure in molluscs often resembles a cloak because in many groups the edges of the mantle, usually referred to as the ''mantle margin'', extend far beyond the main part of the body, forming flaps, double-layered structures which have been adapted for many different uses, including for example, the siphon. Mantle cavity The ''mantle cavity'' is a central fea ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Caulerpa
''Caulerpa'' is a genus of seaweeds in the family Caulerpaceae (among the green algae). They are unusual because they consist of only one cell with many nuclei, making them among the biggest single cells in the world. A species in the Mediterranean can have a stolon more than long, with up to 200 fronds. This species can be invasive from time to time. Referring to the crawling habit of its thallus, the name means 'stem (that) creeps', from the Ancient Greek ' (, ‘stalk’) and ' (, ‘to creep’). Taxonomy and nomenclature First described by Jean Vincent Lamouroux in 1809, ''Caulerpa'' is the only genus under the family Caulerpaceae, from the order Bryopsidales, class Ulvophyceae, and phylum Chlorophyta. Through the use of ''tuf''A gene sequencing, it was revealed that ''Pseudochlorodesmis'' F. Børgesen was a sister clade of ''Caulerpa''. Cremen et al. proposed a new classification scheme in Bryopsidales, wherein Caulerpaceae and Halimedaceae were described as sister fami ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Atlantic
The Atlantic Ocean is the second-largest of the world's five oceans, with an area of about . It covers approximately 20% of Earth's surface and about 29% of its water surface area. It is known to separate the " Old World" of Africa, Europe and Asia from the "New World" of the Americas in the European perception of the World. The Atlantic Ocean occupies an elongated, S-shaped basin extending longitudinally between Europe and Africa to the east, and North and South America to the west. As one component of the interconnected World Ocean, it is connected in the north to the Arctic Ocean, to the Pacific Ocean in the southwest, the Indian Ocean in the southeast, and the Southern Ocean in the south (other definitions describe the Atlantic as extending southward to Antarctica). The Atlantic Ocean is divided in two parts, by the Equatorial Counter Current, with the North(ern) Atlantic Ocean and the South(ern) Atlantic Ocean split at about 8°N. Scientific explorations of the Atlanti ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pacific
The Pacific Ocean is the largest and deepest of Earth's five oceanic divisions. It extends from the Arctic Ocean in the north to the Southern Ocean (or, depending on definition, to Antarctica) in the south, and is bounded by the continents of Asia and Oceania in the west and the Americas in the east. At in area (as defined with a southern Antarctic border), this largest division of the World Ocean—and, in turn, the hydrosphere—covers about 46% of Earth's water surface and about 32% of its total surface area, larger than Earth's entire land area combined .Pacific Ocean . '' Britannica Concise.'' 2008: Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc. The centers of both the |
Petalifera Ramosa
''Petalifera'' is a genus of sea slugs or sea hares, marine gastropod mollusks belonging to the family Aplysiidae, the sea hares. Some authors place this genus in a separate family Dolabriferidae. A new study, published in September 2004, has shown that the genus ''Petalifera'' is paraphyletic. (Note: Gastropod taxonomy has been in flux for more than half a century, and this is especially true currently, because of new research in molecular phylogeny. Because of all the ongoing changes, different reliable sources can yield very different classifications.) A more general description can be found on the page of the superfamily Aplysioidea. Description The parapodia (fleshy winglike outgrowths), as can be seen in photos of ''Petalifera petalifera'', are almost completely fused. The pair of small rounded flaps form the parapodial cavity over the mantle cavity and the vestigial shell. These sea hares swim by coiling and uncoiling the body. Species *'' Petalifera albomaculata'' F ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Petalifera Qingdaonensis
''Petalifera'' is a genus of sea slugs or sea hares, marine gastropod mollusks belonging to the family Aplysiidae, the sea hares. Some authors place this genus in a separate family Dolabriferidae. A new study, published in September 2004, has shown that the genus ''Petalifera'' is paraphyletic. (Note: Gastropod taxonomy has been in flux for more than half a century, and this is especially true currently, because of new research in molecular phylogeny. Because of all the ongoing changes, different reliable sources can yield very different classifications.) A more general description can be found on the page of the superfamily Aplysioidea. Description The parapodia (fleshy winglike outgrowths), as can be seen in photos of ''Petalifera petalifera'', are almost completely fused. The pair of small rounded flaps form the parapodial cavity over the mantle cavity and the vestigial shell. These sea hares swim by coiling and uncoiling the body. Species *'' Petalifera albomaculata'' F ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Japan
Japan ( ja, 日本, or , and formally , ''Nihonkoku'') is an island country in East Asia. It is situated in the northwest Pacific Ocean, and is bordered on the west by the Sea of Japan, while extending from the Sea of Okhotsk in the north toward the East China Sea, Philippine Sea, and Taiwan in the south. Japan is a part of the Ring of Fire, and spans Japanese archipelago, an archipelago of List of islands of Japan, 6852 islands covering ; the five main islands are Hokkaido, Honshu (the "mainland"), Shikoku, Kyushu, and Okinawa Island, Okinawa. Tokyo is the Capital of Japan, nation's capital and largest city, followed by Yokohama, Osaka, Nagoya, Sapporo, Fukuoka, Kobe, and Kyoto. Japan is the List of countries and dependencies by population, eleventh most populous country in the world, as well as one of the List of countries and dependencies by population density, most densely populated and Urbanization by country, urbanized. About three-fourths of Geography of Japan, the c ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Petalifera Punctulata
''Petalifera'' is a genus of sea slugs or sea hares, marine gastropod mollusks belonging to the family Aplysiidae, the sea hares. Some authors place this genus in a separate family Dolabriferidae. A new study, published in September 2004, has shown that the genus ''Petalifera'' is paraphyletic. (Note: Gastropod taxonomy has been in flux for more than half a century, and this is especially true currently, because of new research in molecular phylogeny. Because of all the ongoing changes, different reliable sources can yield very different classifications.) A more general description can be found on the page of the superfamily Aplysioidea. Description The parapodia (fleshy winglike outgrowths), as can be seen in photos of ''Petalifera petalifera'', are almost completely fused. The pair of small rounded flaps form the parapodial cavity over the mantle cavity and the vestigial shell. These sea hares swim by coiling and uncoiling the body. Species *'' Petalifera albomaculata'' F ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Padina (alga)
''Padina'' is a genus of brown macroalgae in the family Dictyotaceae Dictyotaceae is large family of brown algae (class Phaeophyceae). Members of this family generally prefer warmer waters than other brown algae. ''Lobophora variegata'' (= '' Pocockiella varieagata'') often presents a beautiful blue iridescence .... Taxonomy and nomenclature There are currently 58 taxonomically accepted ''Padina'' species, considered to be a species rich genera showing high species diversity within the genus as shown by recent phylogenetic research and taxonomic studies. Species identification is considered to be a challenge in the genera, using a variety of morphological and life history traits are needed to be considered however, recent studies have used molecular markers to confirm species identification in a given locality. Morphology ''Padina'' exhibits a flabellate-type appearance of its thalli, with a brown, off-white coloration. Its thallus consists of cells that is 2-8 layers ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Petalifera Petalifera
''Petalifera'' is a genus of sea slugs or sea hares, marine gastropod mollusks belonging to the family Aplysiidae, the sea hares. Some authors place this genus in a separate family Dolabriferidae. A new study, published in September 2004, has shown that the genus ''Petalifera'' is paraphyletic. (Note: Gastropod taxonomy has been in flux for more than half a century, and this is especially true currently, because of new research in molecular phylogeny. Because of all the ongoing changes, different reliable sources can yield very different classifications.) A more general description can be found on the page of the superfamily Aplysioidea. Description The parapodia (fleshy winglike outgrowths), as can be seen in photos of ''Petalifera petalifera'', are almost completely fused. The pair of small rounded flaps form the parapodial cavity over the mantle cavity and the vestigial shell. These sea hares swim by coiling and uncoiling the body. Species *'' Petalifera albomaculata'' F ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Petalifera Krusadalai
''Petalifera'' is a genus of sea slugs or sea hares, marine gastropod mollusks belonging to the family Aplysiidae, the sea hares. Some authors place this genus in a separate family Dolabriferidae. A new study, published in September 2004, has shown that the genus ''Petalifera'' is paraphyletic. (Note: Gastropod taxonomy has been in flux for more than half a century, and this is especially true currently, because of new research in molecular phylogeny. Because of all the ongoing changes, different reliable sources can yield very different classifications.) A more general description can be found on the page of the superfamily Aplysioidea. Description The parapodia (fleshy winglike outgrowths), as can be seen in photos of ''Petalifera petalifera'', are almost completely fused. The pair of small rounded flaps form the parapodial cavity over the mantle cavity and the vestigial shell. These sea hares swim by coiling and uncoiling the body. Species *'' Petalifera albomaculata'' F ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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