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Peruvian Civil War Of 1834
The Peruvian Civil War of 1834 was a revolt by supporters of former president Agustín Gamarra against the government. Gamarra had wanted Pedro Pablo Bermúdez as his successor to the presidency instead of Luis José de Orbegoso. On April 17, 1834, the two sides clashed in the Battle of Huaylacucho, in Huancavelica resulting in a victory for the revolutionaries. On April 24, 1834, there was another clash near Jauja. Although the revolutionaries, Obregoso was overthrown the next year by Felipe Santiago Salaverry, sparking the Salaverry-Santa Cruz War. The Peruvian Civil War of 1834, also known as the Bermúdez Revolution, was a conflict that began in Peru after the election of General Luis José de Orbegoso as the country’s provisional president. Former president and General Agustín Gamarra, unhappy with election results, incited General Pedro Bermúdez to stir up a rebellion against the new government. The rebellion began in January 1834. The people divided themselves int ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ignacio Merino
Ignacio Merino Muñoz (30 January 1817 in Piura – 17 March 1876 in Paris) was a Peruvian painter who spent much of his life in Paris. He specialized in historical and costumbrista works. Biography His father, Don José, was a judge, district administrator and military commander. His mother Doña Micaela, was from an aristocratic family in Trujillo, Peru, Trujillo. At the age of ten, he was sent to study in Paris, where he earned his bachelor's degree and became interested in art. He studied with Raymond Monvoisin and Paul Delaroche, who inspired his interest in history painting. Also as result of Delaroche's influence, he tended to focus on themes from European history, whereas his Peruvian-themed paintings were generally in the costumbrista category. Back in Peru, he became Assistant Director, then Director of the "Academy of Drawing and Painting", founded by José Fernando de Abascal, where he taught or otherwise influenced the careers of other prominent painters, such as , ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Real Felipe Fortress
The Real Felipe Fortress was built to defend the main Peruvian port and the city of Lima from pirates and corsairs during colonial times. The fortress was pivotal in the 1866 naval battle between a Spanish fleet sent to South America to "reclaim" its colonies and land batteries in the coast of Peru. The Real Felipe Fortress is currently the Peruvian Army Museum, displaying historical uniforms, weapons and other military paraphernalia. History Background During the Viceroyalty of Peru, Callao was the main port of the Americas, it connected the colonies with Spain. Due to the lack of adequate defenses, several pirate incursions took place. In an attempt to protect the port, the viceroy Pedro Álvarez de Toledo y Leiva decreed the construction of the Walls of Lima between the years 1640 and 1647 to protect the city. However, the 1746 Lima–Callao earthquake, destroyed most of the fortifications. Viceroy José Antonio Manso de Velasco, ordered the contraction of the fortress to b ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
History Of Peru
The history of Peru spans 10 millennia, extending back through several stages of cultural development along the country's desert coastline and in the Andes mountains. Peru's coast was home to the Norte Chico civilization, the oldest civilization in the Americas and one of the six cradles of civilization in the world. When the Spanish arrived in the sixteenth century, Peru was the homeland of the highland Inca Empire, the largest and most advanced state in pre-Columbian America. After the conquest of the Incas, the Spanish Empire established a Viceroyalty of Peru, Viceroyalty with jurisdiction over most of its South American domains. Peru declared Independence of Peru, independence from Spain in 1821, but achieved independence only after the Battle of Ayacucho three years later. Modern historiography of Peru divides its history into three main periods: * A #Prehispanic Era, Prehispanic period, which lasts from the first civilizations of the region to the #Spanish conquest (1532–15 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Peruvian History
The history of Peru spans 10 millennia, extending back through several stages of cultural development along the country's desert coastline and in the Andes mountains. Peru's coast was home to the Norte Chico civilization, the oldest civilization in the Americas and one of the six cradles of civilization in the world. When the Spanish arrived in the sixteenth century, Peru was the homeland of the highland Inca Empire, the largest and most advanced state in pre-Columbian America. After the conquest of the Incas, the Spanish Empire established a Viceroyalty with jurisdiction over most of its South American domains. Peru declared independence from Spain in 1821, but achieved independence only after the Battle of Ayacucho three years later. Modern historiography of Peru divides its history into three main periods: * A Prehispanic period, which lasts from the first civilizations of the region to the Spanish conquest of the Inca Empire. * A Viceregal or Colonial period, which lasts from ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Huancayo
Huancayo (; in qu, label=Wanka Quechua, Wankayuq , '(place) with a (sacred) rock') is the capital of Junín Region, in the central highlands of Peru. Location Huancayo is located in Huancayo Province, of which it is also the capital. Situated in the Mantaro Valley at an altitude of 3,271 meters, it belongs to the Quechua (geography), Quechua region. Depending on delimitation, the agglomeration has a population between 340,000 and 380,000 and is the List of 20 largest cities in Peru, fifth most populous city of the country. Huancayo is the cultural and commercial center of the whole central Peruvian Andes area. Huancayo Metropolitano is made up of seven districts that form the urban center of the Junín region. This region is considered central Peru's economic and social hub. Historical overview Pre-Columbian era The area was originally inhabited by the Huanca people, Huancas. At around 500 BC, they were incorporated into the Wari Empire. Despite efforts to defend its ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Antonio Gutiérrez De La Fuente
Antonio Gutiérrez de la Fuente (8 September 1796 – 14 March 1878) was a Peruvian politician who also served in the Peruvian military. He briefly served as President of Peru from June 7 to September 1, 1829. Gutiérrez de la Fuente was born in the silver-mining town of Huantajaya, Tarapacá, Peru (now Chile), in 1796. He was an officer in the Spanish forces, before joining the rebellion for independence. Strong partisan of Simón Bolívar they supported the 1823 coup. De la Fuente and Agustín Gamarra were made governors of southern States after Peruvian independence, with de la Fuente in charge of Arequipa. In 1826 they considered separating from Peru, but instead lead the movement to overthrow the government of José de La Mar with de la Fuente being named Vice President of Peru and taking the position of the President of the Republic until the General Agustín Gamarra succeeded him. Gutiérrez de la Fuente served as the Vice President of Peru from 1 September 1829 to 16 April ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mariano Necochea
Mariano Necochea (7 September 1790, in Buenos Aires – 1849 in Miraflores, near Lima) was an Argentine-Peruvian soldier. Biography In 1802, he was sent to Spain for his education, but he was obliged to return to Argentina in 1811 on account of the death of his father. He took an active part in the struggle for independence, and was in the campaigns in upper Peru from 1811 until 1814. Necochea took part of the Battle of San Lorenzo, on February 3, 1813, under the command of General José de San Martín. In 1817 he went to Chile in the Army of the Andes as commander of a regiment of mounted grenadiers, and took part in the whole campaign of Chile under José de San Martín. He accompanied the latter to Peru, was promoted brigadier for his valor in the siege of Callao, and afterward as commander of cavalry engaged in the campaign of Peru, assisting in the battle of Junin, 6 August 1824, where he was dangerously wounded and saved from death by a Spanish soldier who formerly had ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
José De La Riva Agüero
José Mariano de la Cruz de la Riva Agüero y Sánchez Boquete, Marquess of Montealegre de Aulestia (3 May 1783 – 21 May 1858) was a soldier, politician, and historian who served as the 1st President of Peru and 2nd President of North Peru. He was the first Head of State who had the title of President of the Republic. He wanted to finish the Peruvian independence process only by Peruvians' own efforts organized by the Segunda Campaña de Intermedios, but failed. His disagreements with Congress and Bolivar's Arrival determined an end of his mandate and his deportation, first to Guayaquil and then to Europe, where he lived until he came back to America in 1828. He went first to Chile and then returned to Peru in 1833 and was elected deputy to a Convention that reincorporated him in the army with the title of Grand Marshal. Supporter of President Luis José de Orbegoso, he was plenipotentiary minister in Chile and President of the Nor Peruvian State in the Peru-Bolivian C ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Manuel Salazar Y Baquíjano
Manuel Salazar y Baquíjano, Count of Vistaflorida (July 24, 1777 – November 7, 1850) was a Peruvian politician who briefly served as the Interim President of Peru from June to August 1827. Salazar served as the President of the Congress in 1823. He served as the Vice President of Peru from August 1827 to June 1829. He served as the President of the Senate from 1845 to 1849. His parents were José Antonio de Salazar y Breña and Francisca Baquíjano y Carrillo de Córdoba. José Baquíjano José is a predominantly Spanish and Portuguese form of the given name Joseph. While spelled alike, this name is pronounced differently in each language: Spanish ; Portuguese (or ). In French, the name ''José'', pronounced , is an old vernacul ... was Manuel Salazar's uncle. References 1777 births 1850 deaths Peruvian people of Spanish descent Presidents of Peru Vice presidents of Peru Presidents of the Congress of the Republic of Peru Presidents of the Senate of Peru< ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mario Vargas Llosa
Jorge Mario Pedro Vargas Llosa, 1st Marquess of Vargas Llosa (born 28 March 1936), more commonly known as Mario Vargas Llosa (, ), is a Peruvian novelist, journalist, essayist and former politician, who also holds Spanish citizenship. Vargas Llosa is one of Latin America's most significant novelists and essayists, and one of the leading writers of his generation. Some critics consider him to have had a larger international impact and worldwide audience than any other writer of the Latin American Boom. In 2010 he won the Nobel Prize in Literature, "for his cartography of structures of power and his trenchant images of the individual's resistance, revolt, and defeat." He also won the 1967 Rómulo Gallegos Prize, the 1986 Prince of Asturias Award, the 1994 Miguel de Cervantes Prize, the 1995 Jerusalem Prize, the 2012 Carlos Fuentes International Prize, and the 2018 Pablo Neruda Order of Artistic and Cultural Merit. Vargas Llosa rose to international fame in the 1960s with nove ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Flora Tristan
Flore Célestine Thérèse Henriette Tristán y Moscoso better known as Flora Tristan (7 April 1803 – 14 November 1844) was a French-Peruvian socialist writer and activist. She made important contributions to early feminist theory, and argued that the progress of women's rights was directly related with the progress of the working class. She wrote several works, the best known of which are ''Peregrinations of a Pariah'' (1838), ''Promenades in London'' (1840), and ''The Workers' Union'' (1843). Tristan was the grandmother of the painter Paul Gauguin. Early life Her full name was Flore Célestine Thérèse Henriette Tristán y Moscoso. Her father, Mariano Eusebio Antonio Tristán y Moscoso, was a colonel of the Spanish Navy, born in Arequipa, a city of Peru. His family was one of the most powerful in the south of the country; his brother Pío de Tristán became viceroy of Peru. Flora Tristan's mother, Anne-Pierre Laisnay, was French; the couple met in Bilbao, Spain. When h ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Miguel De San Román
Miguel de San Román Meza (May 17, 1802, Puno, Peru – April 3, 1863, Lima, Peru) served as the 14th President of Peru for a brief period between 1862 and 1863. In 1822 he served under Simón Bolívar and participated in the Battle of Ayacucho. From there on, San Román participated in various battles during the first years of the Peruvian republican period. He supported Agustín Gamarra until his defeat in the battle of Ingavi. Despite this defeat, San Román was awarded the grade of ''Gran Mariscal''. He occupied the post of "President of the Council of State" between 1845 and 1849. He served as the President of the National convention from 1855 to 1856.http://www.congreso.gob.pe/Docs/participacion/museo/congreso/files/70-71-73-al-80-1856-miguel-sanroman.pdf In 1855 he was named Minister of War under Ramón Castilla, and later served as Prime Minister of Peru from July to October 1858. In 1862 he was elected as the President of Peru. Miguel de San Román introduced the Pe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
