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People's Liberation Insurgent Army
The People's Liberation Insurgent Army (NOVA) (Bulgarian: Народоосвободителната въстаническа армия (НОВА)) was the partisan resistance organization of the communist movement in Bulgaria during the Second World War from March 1943 to 9 September 1944. It was the largest resistance organization of Bulgaria during the Second World War. Background and structure The partisan movement in Bulgaria appeared in the second half of 1941 and consisted of multiple separate partisan detachments. Political leadership the partisan detachments was exercised by the Politburo of the Bulgarian Communist Party. It was operationally managed by the Central Military Commission of the BCP with Commander Tsvyatko Radoynov and members Hristo Mihailov, Boyan Balgaranov, Petar Mihailov, Gocho Grozev, Georgi Minchev, Ivan Maslarov, Dimo Dichev. Among the collaborators were Anton Ivanov, Anton Yugov, Petar Bogdanov, Nikola Vaptsarov, Anton Popov, Atanas Romanov. The ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bulgarian Language
Bulgarian (, ; bg, label=none, български, bălgarski, ) is an Eastern South Slavic language spoken in Southeastern Europe, primarily in Bulgaria. It is the language of the Bulgarians. Along with the closely related Macedonian language (collectively forming the East South Slavic languages), it is a member of the Balkan sprachbund and South Slavic dialect continuum of the Indo-European language family. The two languages have several characteristics that set them apart from all other Slavic languages, including the elimination of case declension, the development of a suffixed definite article, and the lack of a verb infinitive. They retain and have further developed the Proto-Slavic verb system (albeit analytically). One such major development is the innovation of evidential verb forms to encode for the source of information: witnessed, inferred, or reported. It is the official language of Bulgaria, and since 2007 has been among the official languages of the Eur ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Yugoslav Partisans
The Yugoslav Partisans,Serbo-Croatian, Macedonian, Slovene: , or the National Liberation Army, sh-Latn-Cyrl, Narodnooslobodilačka vojska (NOV), Народноослободилачка војска (НОВ); mk, Народноослободителна војска (НОВ); sl, Narodnoosvobodilna vojska (NOV) officially the National Liberation Army and Partisan Detachments of Yugoslavia, sh-Latn-Cyrl, Narodnooslobodilačka vojska i partizanski odredi Jugoslavije (NOV i POJ), Народноослободилачка војска и партизански одреди Југославије (НОВ и ПОЈ); mk, Народноослободителна војска и партизански одреди на Југославија (НОВ и ПОЈ); sl, Narodnoosvobodilna vojska in partizanski odredi Jugoslavije (NOV in POJ) was the communist-led anti-fascist resistance to the Axis powers (chiefly Germany) in occupied Yugoslavia during World War II. Led by Josip Broz T ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Eastern European World War II Resistance Movements
Eastern may refer to: Transportation *China Eastern Airlines, a current Chinese airline based in Shanghai *Eastern Air, former name of Zambia Skyways *Eastern Air Lines, a defunct American airline that operated from 1926 to 1991 *Eastern Air Lines (2015), an American airline that began operations in 2015 *Eastern Airlines, LLC, previously Dynamic International Airways, a U.S. airline founded in 2010 *Eastern Airways, an English/British regional airline *Eastern Provincial Airways, a defunct Canadian airline that operated from 1949 to 1986 *Eastern Railway (other), various railroads * Eastern Avenue (other), various roads *Eastern Parkway (other), various parkways *Eastern Freeway, Melbourne, Australia *Eastern Freeway Mumbai, Mumbai, India *, a cargo liner in service 1946-65 Education *Eastern University (other) * Eastern College (other) Other uses * Eastern Broadcasting Limited, former name of Maritime Broadcasting System, Canada ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bulgarian People's Army
The Bulgarian People's Army ( bg, Българска народна армия, БНА, translit=Balgarska narodna armiya, BNA) was the army of the People's Republic of Bulgaria. It comprised the Bulgarian Land Forces, Air Force and Air Defence, Navy and supporting arms. Bulgaria was one of the signatories of the Warsaw Pact. Along with troops from other Warsaw Pact countries, the BNA participated in the Warsaw Pact invasion of Czechoslovakia in 1968. However, other than this, the BNA did not see any combat during its existence. The Bulgarian People's Army was dissolved along with the People's Republic of Bulgaria in 1990 and was succeeded by the Bulgarian Armed Forces. History Early years and activities during the 50s The pro-Soviet Bulgarian Fatherland Front took the power on 9 September 1944, after a coup d'état. After the proclamation of the People's Republic of Bulgaria in 1946, the celebration of the military holiday on 6 May was stopped, with the date of 23 September ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kimon Georgiev
Kimon Georgiev Stoyanov ( bg, Кимон Георгиев Стоянов; August 11, 1882 – September 28, 1969) was a Bulgarian general who was the Prime Minister of the Kingdom of Bulgaria from 1934 to 1935 and again from 1944 to 1946. Life and career Born in Pazardzhik, Georgiev graduated from the Sofia military academy in 1902. He participated in the Balkan Wars as a company commander and in the First World War as a commander of a battalion. In 1916 he lost an eye due to injuries received in action. He left the army in 1920 with the rank of lieutenant colonel. Georgiev was one of the founders of the Military Union in 1919 and the People's Alliance in 1922. He participated in the organization of the 1923 coup d'état and after that became one of the leaders of the Democratic Alliance. He was the minister for railways, postal service and telegraphs in the first cabinet of Andrey Lyapchev. In the 1930s he became one of the leaders of the right-wing military ''Zveno'' ('Link ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bulgarian Fatherland Front
The Fatherland Front ( bg, Отечествен фронт, ОФ, Otechestven front, OF) was a Bulgarian pro-communist political resistance movement, which began in 1942 during World War II. The Zveno movement, the communist Bulgarian Workers Party, a wing of the Bulgarian Agrarian National Union and the Bulgarian Social Democratic Workers Party all became part of the OF. The constituent groups of the OF had widely contrasting ideologies and had united only in the face of the pro-German militarist dictatorship in Bulgaria. At the beginning, the members of the OF worked together, without a single dominating group. Professional associations and unions could be members of the front and maintain their organisational independence. However, the Bulgarian Communist Party soon began to dominate. In 1944, after the Soviet Union had declared war on Bulgaria, the OF carried out a coup d'état (9 September 1944) and declared war on Germany and the other Axis powers. The OF governm ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1944 Bulgarian Coup D'état
The 1944 Bulgarian coup d'état, also known as the 9 September coup d'état ( bg, Деветосептемврийски преврат, Devetoseptemvriyski prevrat), was the forcible change of the government of Kingdom of Bulgaria carried out on the eve of 9 September 1944. In the People's Republic of Bulgaria it was called People's Uprising of 9 September – on the grounds of the broad unrest, and Socialist Revolution – as it was a turning point politically and the beginning of radical reforms towards socialism. In brief Bulgaria was in a precarious situation, still in the sphere of Nazi Germany's influence (as a former member of the Axis powers, with German troops in the country despite the declared Bulgarian neutrality 15 days earlier), but under threat of war with the leading military power of that time, the Soviet Union (the USSR had declared war on the Kingdom of Bulgaria 4 days earlier and units of its Third Ukrainian Front of the Red Army had entered Bulgaria 3 da ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
ELAS
The Greek People's Liberation Army ( el, Ελληνικός Λαϊκός Απελευθερωτικός Στρατός (ΕΛΑΣ), ''Ellinikós Laïkós Apeleftherotikós Stratós'' (ELAS) was the military arm of the left-wing National Liberation Front (EAM) during the period of the Greek resistance until February 1945, when, following the ''Dekemvriana'' clashes and the Varkiza Agreement, it was disarmed and disbanded. ELAS was the largest and most significant of the military organizations of the Greek resistance. Birth of ELAS After Nazi Germany attacked the Soviet Union with the initiation of Operation Barbarossa (June 22, 1941) — with most of Greece having fallen under Axis occupation since April and the Battle of Crete having ended on June 1 — the Greek Communist Party (KKE) called for national resistance. The KKE, together with minor parties of the Left, formed a political structure called the National Liberation Front. They were joined by other center-left or no ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dobri Terpeshev
Dobri Kolev Terpeshev (Bulgarian: Добри Колев Терпешев; 15 May 1884 — 15 January 1967) was a Bulgarian Communist politician, resistance fighter and later a statesman in the People's Republic of Bulgaria. Biography Terpeshev was born Izvorovo. He was a member of the Bulgarian Workers' Social Democratic Party since 1903. He was mobilized during the Balkan Wars and was sentenced to death in 1912 for anti-war activities however was later pardoned. In the 1920s he was a commander of the Military Organization of the Bulgarian Communist Party. He was sentenced to death during the April events in Bulgaria in 1925 which occurred after the St Nedelya Church assault. His sentence was lowered and he was imprisoned until 1937. In 1938 he became a member of the Central Committee of the BCP. In 1941 he was arrested and imprisoned, from where he escaped in 1943. After his escape, Terpeshev became a member of the Politburo of the BCP and soon established himself as one of th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
World War II
World War II or the Second World War, often abbreviated as WWII or WW2, was a world war that lasted from 1939 to 1945. It involved the vast majority of the world's countries—including all of the great powers—forming two opposing military alliances: the Allies and the Axis powers. World War II was a total war that directly involved more than 100 million personnel from more than 30 countries. The major participants in the war threw their entire economic, industrial, and scientific capabilities behind the war effort, blurring the distinction between civilian and military resources. Aircraft played a major role in the conflict, enabling the strategic bombing of population centres and deploying the only two nuclear weapons ever used in war. World War II was by far the deadliest conflict in human history; it resulted in 70 to 85 million fatalities, mostly among civilians. Tens of millions died due to genocides (including the Holocaust), starvation, ma ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lev Glavinchev
Lev Nikolov Glavinchev (April 19, 1903 - August 20, 1970) was a Bulgarian communist, officer (colonel) and politician. Glavinchev was a member of the Internal Macedonian Revolutionary Organization, and one of the most controversial personalities in the Macedonian freedom movement. An active participant in the communist partisan movement during the Second World War, he was also a commander of the First Sofian Revolutionary Operative Zone of the National Freedom Revolutionary Army (NOVA). As commendant of the ''People's Militsiya'' after the 1944 coup d'état, he personally, willingly and methodically killed officers, intellectuals and public figures. Biography Lev Glavinchev was born in Ohrid, in 1903. His brother, Naum, was a jurist. After the First World War, he emigrated to Sofia, where from 1922 to 1926, he studied law. He was a member of the Macedonian student association "Vardar". Participation in IMRO He entered the IMRO in 1926, shortly after the murder of Todor Alek ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hristo Mihaylov
Hristo Mikhailov Popov (Bulgarian: Христо Михайлов Попов; April 18, 1893, Vidin – February 8, 1944, Sofia) was a Bulgarian Communist politician and military commander who was a leading participant of the anti-fascist resistance movement in Bulgaria during the Second World War. Biography Mikhailov was born in Vidin and worked as a school teacher in the village of Izvor from 1911 to 1912. He was drafted into the Bulgarian army during the Balkan Wars and graduated from the School of Reserve Officers. He participated in the First World War and was taken prisoner until his release in 1920. In 1918, he joined the Bulgarian Workers' Social Democratic Party. In 1921, he was elected to the leadership of the Bulgarian Communist Party in Ferdinand. He participated in the September Uprising and commanded a detachment during the storming of the city of Ferdinand. After the defeat of the uprising, he fled to Yugoslavia and was sentenced to death in absentia.Исто ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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