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Peak Downs
Peak Downs is a geographic area, and formerly a station, in the vicinity of Clermont, Central Queensland. The morphology of this region consisted of numerous distinct peaks of basalt-capped sandstone erupting from a plane, and the area has been worked for copper and gold extraction since as far back as the 1870s, when it was the primary source for material exported via nearby St. Lawrence, and perhaps earlier. At least one such peak remains, Wolfgang Peak, part of the Peak Range between Moranbah, Clermont, and Dysart, first surveyed on 18 January 1845, by Leichhardt's expedition. Many of the peaks so mapped were named for members or supporters of this expedition. Much of that geography has been removed by open-cut mining, including that at the large Peak Downs Mine. The Shire of Peak Downs, was formerly defined in this area, but has since been amalgamated with neighbouring shires to form the Central Highlands Region Central Highlands Region is a local government area ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Clermont, Queensland
Clermont is a rural town and locality in the Isaac Region, Queensland, Australia. At the , the locality of Clermont had a population of 2952 people. Clermont is a major hub for the large coal mines in the region as well as serving agricultural properties. Geography Clermont is south-west of Mackay, at the junction of the Gregory and Peak Downs highways. The historic towns of North Copperfield () and South Copperfield (), often referred to collectively as Copperfield are along Christoe Street approximately south-west of the Clermont town centre. The Gregory Highway runs through the eastern end, and the Peak Downs Highway enters from the east. The Clermont Connection Road links the Gregory Highway to the CBD, and the Clermont-Alpha Road starts in the CBD and exits to the south-west. History '' Gangalu (Gangulu, Kangulu, Kanolu, Kaangooloo, Khangulu)'' is an Australian Aboriginal language spoken on Gangula country. The Gangula language region includes the towns of Clermo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Central Queensland
Central Queensland is an ambiguous geographical division of Queensland ( a state in Australia) that centres on the eastern coast, around the Tropic of Capricorn. Its major regional centre is Rockhampton. The region extends from the Capricorn Coast west to the Central Highlands at Emerald, north to the Mackay Regional Council southern boundary, and south to Gladstone. The region is also known as Capricornia. It is one of Australia's main coal exporting regions. At the 2011 Australian Census the region recorded a total population from the six local government areas of 233,931. Industry Economically, Central Queensland is an important centre of primary sector industries, particularly for food and fibre production. Central Queensland includes the Bowen Basin which is rich in high quality coking coal, the Port of Gladstone produces 40% of the state's export earnings, the Fitzroy River is the second-largest river system in Australia and commands significant water resources such as F ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Basalt
Basalt (; ) is an aphanite, aphanitic (fine-grained) extrusive igneous rock formed from the rapid cooling of low-viscosity lava rich in magnesium and iron (mafic lava) exposed at or very near the planetary surface, surface of a terrestrial planet, rocky planet or natural satellite, moon. More than 90% of all volcanic rock on Earth is basalt. Rapid-cooling, fine-grained basalt is chemically equivalent to slow-cooling, coarse-grained gabbro. The eruption of basalt lava is observed by geologists at about 20 volcanoes per year. Basalt is also an important rock type on other planetary bodies in the Solar System. For example, the bulk of the plains of volcanism on Venus, Venus, which cover ~80% of the surface, are basaltic; the lunar mare, lunar maria are plains of flood-basaltic lava flows; and basalt is a common rock on the surface of Mars. Molten basalt lava has a low viscosity due to its relatively low silica content (between 45% and 52%), resulting in rapidly moving lava flo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sandstone
Sandstone is a clastic sedimentary rock composed mainly of sand-sized (0.0625 to 2 mm) silicate grains. Sandstones comprise about 20–25% of all sedimentary rocks. Most sandstone is composed of quartz or feldspar (both silicates) because they are the most resistant minerals to weathering processes at the Earth's surface. Like uncemented sand, sandstone may be any color due to impurities within the minerals, but the most common colors are tan, brown, yellow, red, grey, pink, white, and black. Since sandstone beds often form highly visible cliffs and other topographic features, certain colors of sandstone have been strongly identified with certain regions. Rock formations that are primarily composed of sandstone usually allow the percolation of water and other fluids and are porous enough to store large quantities, making them valuable aquifers and petroleum reservoirs. Quartz-bearing sandstone can be changed into quartzite through metamorphism, usually related to ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gold Mining
Gold mining is the extraction of gold resources by mining. Historically, mining gold from alluvial deposits used manual separation processes, such as gold panning. However, with the expansion of gold mining to ores that are not on the surface, has led to more complex extraction processes such as pit mining and gold cyanidation. In the 20th and 21st centuries, most volume of mining was done by large corporations, however the value of gold has led to millions of small, artisanal miners in many parts of the Global South. Like all mining, human rights and environmental issues are common issues in the gold mining industry. In smaller mines with less regulation, health and safety risks are much higher. History The exact date that humans first began to mine gold is unknown, but some of the oldest known gold artifacts were found in the Varna Necropolis in Bulgaria. The graves of the necropolis were built between 4700 and 4200 BC, indicating that gold mining could be at least 700 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Wolfgang Peak
Wolfgang is a German male given name traditionally popular in Germany, Austria and Switzerland. The name is a combination of the Old High German words ''wolf'', meaning "wolf", and '' gang'', meaning "path", "journey", "travel". Besides the regular "wolf", the first element also occurs in Old High German as the combining form "-olf". The earliest reference of the name being used was in the 8th century. The name was also attested as "Vulfgang" in the Reichenauer Verbrüderungsbuch in the 9th century. The earliest recorded famous bearer of the name was a tenth-century Saint Wolfgang of Regensburg. Due to the lack of conflict with the pagan reference in the name with Catholicism, it is likely a much more ancient name whose meaning had already been lost by the tenth century. Grimm ('' Teutonic Mythology'' p. 1093) interpreted the name as that of a hero in front of whom walks the "wolf of victory". A Latin gloss by Arnold of St Emmeram interprets the name as ''Lupambulus''.E. Fö ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Peak Range (Queensland)
The Peak Range is a small subrange of the Swannell Ranges of the Omineca Mountains, located on the northwest side of the junction of Toodoggone River and Finlay River in northern British Columbia, Canada. There is also a Peak Range in Central Queensland Central Queensland is an ambiguous geographical division of Queensland ( a state in Australia) that centres on the eastern coast, around the Tropic of Capricorn. Its major regional centre is Rockhampton. The region extends from the Capricorn Coas .... References *Peak Rangein the Canadian Mountain Encyclopedia Swannell Ranges {{BritishColumbiaInterior-geo-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Moranbah
Moranbah is a coal mining town and locality in the Isaac Region, Queensland, Australia. In the , the locality of Moranbah had a population of 8,735 people. In addition to the permanent population, Moranbah also has a large fly-in fly-out population in excess of 1500 who work in Moranbah's mines. Geography The Peak Downs Highway between Mackay and Clermont passes through the south of the locality; the town is north of the highway via the Moranbah Access Road. Moranbah Airport is also on the Moranbah Access Road, by road of the town (). Climate Moranbah experiences a subtropical semi-arid climate ( Köppen: ''BSh,'' Trewartha: ''BSal/BShl'') with hot summers with moderate precipitation and mild, dry winters. History The first European to explore the region was Ludwig Leichhardt in January 1845 and settled by pastoralists in the 1850s. Moranbah was established in 1969. The town was rapidly expanded in the late 1970s by the Utah Development Company to house mine worke ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dysart, Queensland
Dysart is a town and a Suburbs and localities (Australia), locality in the Isaac Region, Queensland, Australia. It is a service centre for mines and grazing properties in the district. At the , the locality had a population of 2,918. Most residents are employed by the coal mines. Geography Railways The locality is served by the Goonyella railway network which connects the Bowen Basin Coalfields, Bowen Basin coalfields with the coal wharves at Hay Point, Queensland, Hay Point on the coast. The locality is served by numerous railway stations (from north to south): * Winchester railway station () * Harrow railway station () * Saraji Junction railway station () * Saraji railway station () * Lake Vermont railway station () * Dysart railway station () * Stephens railway station () * Norwich Park Junction railway station () * Norwich Park railway station () Mountains The terrain is mountainous, with the following named peaks (from north to south): * Walkers Peak () * Mount P ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ludwig Leichhardt
Friedrich Wilhelm Ludwig Leichhardt (), known as Ludwig Leichhardt, (23 October 1813 – c. 1848) was a German explorer and naturalist, most famous for his exploration of northern and central Australia.Ken Eastwood,'Cold case: Leichhardt's disappearance', Australian Geographic, AG Online, accessed online 7 August 2010 Early life Leichhardt was born on 23 October 1813 in the hamlet of Sabrodt near the village of Trebatsch, today part of Tauche, in the Prussian Province of Brandenburg (now within the Federal Republic of Germany). He was the fourth son and sixth of the eight children of Christian Hieronymus Matthias Leichhardt, farmer and royal inspector and his wife Charlotte Sophie, ''née'' Strählow. Between 1831 and 1836 Leichhardt studied philosophy, language, and natural sciences at the Universities of Göttingen and Berlin but never received a university degree. He moved to England in 1837, continued his study of the natural sciences at various places, including the Britis ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Open Cut Mine
Open-pit mining, also known as open-cast or open-cut mining and in larger contexts mega-mining, is a surface mining technique of extracting rock or minerals from the earth from an open-air pit, sometimes known as a borrow. This form of mining differs from extractive methods that require tunnelling into the earth, such as long wall mining. Open-pit mines are used when deposits of commercially useful ore or rocks are found near the surface. It is applied to ore or rocks found at the surface because the overburden is relatively thin or the material of interest is structurally unsuitable for tunnelling (as would be the case for cinder, sand, and gravel). In contrast, minerals that have been found underground but are difficult to retrieve due to hard rock, can be reached using a form of underground mining. To create an open-pit mine, the miners must determine the information of the ore that is underground. This is done through drilling of probe holes in the ground, then plotting ea ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Peak Downs Mine
Peak Downs Mine is a large open cut coking coal mine in Queensland located 31 km SSE of Moranbah. Peak Downs is one of seven mines in Bowen Basin owned by BHP Mitsubishi Alliance, Australia's largest coal miner and exporter. Production at Peak Downs started in 1972. The Caval Ridge Coal Mine, which will be located adjacent to Peak Downs, will begin construction in 2011 and begin exporting by 2014. It is expected to process 2.5 million tons of coal each year from Peak Downs. The National Pollution Inventory revealed this mine was the biggest generator of airborne pollution in the country for the 2015–16 financial year. See also *Coal in Australia Coal is mined in every state of Australia. The largest black coal resources occur in Queensland and New South Wales. About 70% of coal mined in Australia is exported, mostly to eastern Asia, and of the balance most is used in electricity gener ... References External links University of Queensland: Queensland Pla ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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