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Paulina Hewelke
Paulina Hewelke (16 November 1854 – 28 January 1924) was a Polish people, Polish educator and education activist during the period when Russification policies forbade teaching Polish language and culture. Active in clandestine activities to teach Polish subjects, she participated in lectures for the Flying University and from 1896–1919 operated a girls' school in Warsaw. The school was one of the top women's schools in Warsaw and upon her retirement was purchased by the government, which still operates as the . Early life Paulina Johannes Hevelius#Etymology, Hewelke was born on 16 November 1854 in Pułtusk in the Congress Poland, Kingdom of Poland of the Russian Empire to Paulina Klementyna (née Baum) and Otton Karol Hewelke. Her father was the pastor of the Evangelical Church of the Augsburg Confession in Poland, Evangelical Church of the Augsburg Confession in Pułtusk. Hewelke had a younger brother, Otton Hewelke, Otton (1858–1919) who would become a physician. She atte ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Brackets
A bracket is either of two tall fore- or back-facing punctuation marks commonly used to isolate a segment of text or data from its surroundings. Typically deployed in symmetric pairs, an individual bracket may be identified as a 'left' or 'right' bracket or, alternatively, an "opening bracket" or "closing bracket", respectively, depending on the Writing system#Directionality, directionality of the context. Specific forms of the mark include parentheses (also called "rounded brackets"), square brackets, curly brackets (also called 'braces'), and angle brackets (also called 'chevrons'), as well as various less common pairs of symbols. As well as signifying the overall class of punctuation, the word "bracket" is commonly used to refer to a specific form of bracket, which varies from region to region. In most English-speaking countries, an unqualified word "bracket" refers to the parenthesis (round bracket); in the United States, the square bracket. Glossary of mathematical sym ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Marszałkowska Street, Warsaw
Marszałkowska (''lit. Marshal Street'') is one of the main thoroughfares of Warsaw's city center. It links Bank Square in its north sector with ''Plac Unii Lubelskiej'' (Union of Lublin Square) in the south. History Contrary to a common urban legend that attributes the name to Marshal of Poland Józef Piłsudski, the street's name actually relates to 18th-century Grand Marshal of the Crown Franciszek Bieliński. Marszałkowska street was established by Franciszek Bieliński and opened in 1757. It was much shorter then, running only from Królewska Street to Widok Street. The street was almost entirely destroyed during the Warsaw Uprising of 1944. Rebuilding of Warsaw after World War II coincided with emergence of ''socialist realism Socialist realism is a style of idealized realistic art that was developed in the Soviet Union and was the official style in that country between 1932 and 1988, as well as in other socialist countries after World War II. Socialist realism is ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Evangelical-Augsburg Cemetery, Warsaw
( pl, Cmentarz ewangelicko-augsburski w Warszawie), The Evangelical Lutheran Cemetery of the Augsburg Confession in Warsaw is a historic Lutheran Protestant cemetery located in the Wola district, western part of Warsaw, Poland. Details The Evangelical Cemetery of the Augsburg Confession was consecrated on 2 May 1792, designed by the architect Szymon Bogumił Zug. More than 100,000 people have been buried at the cemetery since its opening in 1792. During the Kościuszko Uprising of 1794 and during World War II, intense fighting took place at the cemetery. Worth seeing is the neoclassical ''Halpert family chapel'' (1835), which serves the Lutheran community. The chapel was rebuilt in 1975, however, many tombstones are still destroyed or in poor condition. As in the Roman Catholic Powązki Cemetery, a committee for the restoration of the cemetery has been set up, and collects money on All Saint's Day for the treasures of the burial ground to be returned to their former glory. Sele ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lucjan Zarzecki
Lucjan Zarzecki (1873–1925) was a Polish pedagogue and mathematician, a co-originator of national education concept. His area of study was general didactics and didactics of mathematics. Member of the Polska Macierz Szkolna Poland, officially the Republic of Poland, is a country in Central Europe. It is divided into 16 administrative provinces called voivodeships, covering an area of . Poland has a population of over 38 million and is the fifth-most populous ..., professor and director of Pedagogics Department of the Wolna Wszechnica Polska in Warsaw. Notable works * ''Charakter jako cel wychowania'' (1918) * ''Nauczanie matematyki początkowej'' vol. 1–3 (1919–1920) * ''Dydaktyka ogólna, czyli kształcenie charakteru przez nauczanie'' (1920) * ''Wstęp do pedagogiki'' (1922) * ''Wychowanie narodowe'' (1926) Further reading * References * * 1873 births 1925 deaths Mathematics educators Polish educational theorists Polish educators 19th-century Po ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ludwik Krzywicki
Ludwik Joachim Franciszek Krzywicki (21 August 1859 – 10 June 1941) was a Polish Marxist anthropologist, economist and sociologist. One of the early champions of sociology in Poland, he approached historical materialism from a sociological viewpoint. From 1919 to 1936 he was a professor at the University of Warsaw. Life Ludwik Krzywicki was born at Płock in 1859 into an aristocratic but impoverished family. From an early age he showed an interest in psychology, philosophy and natural sciences, and studied the works of Darwin, Taine, Ribot and Comte. Krzywicki studied mathematics at the University of Warsaw in Congress Poland. After obtaining his degree, he enrolled in the Faculty of Medicine but was expelled from the University on account of his political activities. He then went abroad, first to Leipzig, Germany, then Zürich, Switzerland, and finally in 1885 to Paris, France, where most of the Polish Socialist émigrés in Europe lived. It was in Paris that he began studyin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Stanisław Karczewski (geologist)
Stanisław Karczewski (born 14 November 1955) is a Polish politician and surgeon. He has served as a Senator since 2005, as Deputy Speaker of the Senate between 2011 and 2015 and since 2019, and between 2015 and 2019 as Marshal of the Senate of Poland. Biography He graduated in 1981 with a medical degree from the Medical University of Warsaw, after which he received a second specialized degree in general surgery. He was employed from 1981 at the district hospital in the town of New City Pilica. He served both as assistant director of the emergency department, and as director of the hospital. He is currently head of the Department of Surgery. Between 1998 and 2002 he worked in the Grójec County local administration, and from 2002 to 2005 he served as a councilor of the regional council of Mazovia. In the 2005 parliamentary elections he was elected senator from the Law and Justice party list in the district of Radom. In 2011 he successfully ran for re-election in a new distr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kazimierz Czerwiński (biologist)
Kazimierz (; la, Casimiria; yi, קוזמיר, Kuzimyr) is a historical district of Kraków and Kraków Old Town, Poland. From its inception in the 14th century to the early 19th century, Kazimierz was an independent city, a royal city of the Crown of the Polish Kingdom, located south of the Old Town of Kraków, separated from it by a branch of the Vistula river. For many centuries, Kazimierz was a place where ethnic Polish and Jewish cultures coexisted and intermingled. The northeastern part of the district was historically Jewish. In 1941, the Jews of Kraków were forcibly relocated by the German occupying forces into the Krakow ghetto just across the river in Podgórze, and most did not survive the war. Today, Kazimierz is one of the major tourist attractions of Krakow and an important center of cultural life of the city. The boundaries of Kazimierz are defined by an old island in the Vistula river. The northern branch of the river (''Stara Wisła'' – Old Vistula) was ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Maria Kownacka
Maria Kownacka (1894–1982) was a Polish writer, translator and editor, specializing in children's literature. She was a long-time writer of '' Płomyk''. Her best-known work is the series of books about "Plastuś", that began with ' (1936). Biography Kownacka was born on 11 September 1894 in Słup, partitioned Poland. She became a village schoolteacher at the age of 18, teaching in Dębowa Góra in 1914. From 1915 to 1918 she worked as a teacher in Minsk, where she also studied literature. As she was teaching in Polish, her activities were considered part of the illegal underground activism. It is around that time she also begun her career as a writer. Later she founded her own school in Krzywda on land owned by a relative. As she did not have sufficient funds to buy books, she wrote down her own stories for the children. In 1919 she debuted as a writer, with her first work published in magazines for children, '' Płomyk'' and '' Płomyczek''. Due to a disease of the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Special Education
Special education (known as special-needs education, aided education, exceptional education, alternative provision, exceptional student education, special ed., SDC, or SPED) is the practice of educating students in a way that accommodates their individual differences, Disability, disabilities, and special needs. This involves the individually planned and systematically monitored arrangement of teaching procedures, adapted equipment and materials, and accessible settings. These interventions are designed to help individuals with special needs achieve a higher level of personal Self-sustainability, self-sufficiency and success in school and in their community, which may not be available if the student were only given access to a Traditional education, typical classroom education. Special education aims to provide accommodated education for disabled students such as learning disability, learning disabilities, learning difficulties (such as dyslexia), communication disorders, emo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Maria Grzegorzewska
Maria Grzegorzewska (18 April 1887 – 7 May 1967) was a Polish people, Polish educator who brought the special education movement to Poland. Born to a family from the Samogitia, Żmudź region, she was strongly influenced by her parents' beliefs in humanitarianism. After attending Flying University, clandestine schools to earn her basic education from Polish rather than Russian educators, she obtained her teaching credentials in Lithuania. She continued her education at the Jagiellonian University in Kraków and in 1913 joined her countrywoman, Józefa Joteyko in Brussels to study at the International Paedological Faculty. When her studies in Belgium were interrupted by World War I, Grzegorzewska made her way to Paris and earned her PhD from the University of Paris, Sorbonne in 1916. After the establishment of the Second Polish Republic in 1918, Grzegorzewska returned to Poland intent upon creating programs which addressed the needs of disabled children and introducing educatio ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Maria Dąbrowska
Maria Dąbrowska (; born Maria Szumska; 6 October 1889 – 19 May 1965) was a Polish writer, novelist, essayist, journalist and playwright, author of the popular Polish historical novel ''Noce i dnie'' (Nights and Days) written between 1932 and 1934 in four separate volumes. The novel was made into a film by the same title in 1975 by Jerzy Antczak. Dąbrowska was awarded the prestigious Golden Laurel of the Polish Academy of Literature in 1935. She was nominated for the Nobel Prize in Literature five times. She translated Samuel Pepys' Diary into Polish. Biography Dąbrowska was born Maria Szumska in Russów near Kalisz, Congress Poland, under Tsarist military control. Her parents belonged to the impoverished landed gentry ( ziemiaństwo). Maria suffered from esotropia, giving her a "cross-eyed" appearance. She studied sociology, philosophy, and natural sciences in Lausanne and Brussels, and settled in Warsaw in 1917. Interested in both literature and politics, she devoted ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Marcin Szkopowski
Marcin (Polish pronunciation: ) is a male given name or surname. Notable people with the name Marcin include: Given name * Marcin Dorociński (born 1973), Polish actor * Marcin Gortat (born 1984), Polish basketball player * Marcin Held (born 1992), Polish mixed martial artist * Marcin Jakubowski founded Open Source Ecology (OSE) in 2003 * Marcin Kaczmarek (other), several people ** Marcin Kaczmarek (footballer) (born 1979), Polish footballer ** Marcin Kaczmarek (swimmer) (born 1977), Polish butterfly swimmer * Marcin Kalinowski (1605–1652), Polish nobleman * Marcin Kleczynski Marcin Kleczynski (born November 1, 1989) is the chief executive officer (CEO) and co-founder of American Internet security company, Malwarebytes. After a period working as a computer repairer and being involved in forums in the mid 2000s, Kleczyns ... (born 1989), co-founder and CEO of Malwarebytes Inc. * Marcin Kromer (1512–1583), Polish historian and chronicler, royal secretary, bishop ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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