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Paul Ferdinand Gautier
Paul Ferdinand Gautier (12 October 1842 – 7 December 1909) was a French scientific instrument maker who specialized in precision astronomical telescopes and measuring equipment. He produced instruments for many participants of the 1887 Carte du Ciel project. Biography Gautier came from a modest Parisian family and was forced to leave school and work as an apprentice at the age of thirteen. He trained in geometry and at eighteen he joined Secretan where he worked under William Eichens (1818-1884). They were involved in setting up the reflecting telescope at for Leon Foucalt (1819-1868) at Marseille in 1863. When Eichens founded his own company in 1866, Gautier joined and after about ten years he founded his own workshop. He exhibited a dividing engine at the 1878 Paris Universal Exhibition. In 1881 Gautier bought up Eichens' firm. He began to develop several equatorial coude telescopes based on the design of Maurice Loewy which were used widely. He used lenses made by the bro ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Paul Ferdinand Gautier (IAU 1887)
Paul Ferdinand Gautier (12 October 1842 – 7 December 1909) was a French scientific instrument maker who specialized in precision astronomical telescopes and measuring equipment. He produced instruments for many participants of the 1887 Carte du Ciel project. Biography Gautier came from a modest Parisian family and was forced to leave school and work as an apprentice at the age of thirteen. He trained in geometry and at eighteen he joined Secretan where he worked under William Eichens (1818-1884). They were involved in setting up the reflecting telescope at for Leon Foucalt (1819-1868) at Marseille in 1863. When Eichens founded his own company in 1866, Gautier joined and after about ten years he founded his own workshop. He exhibited a dividing engine at the 1878 Paris Universal Exhibition. In 1881 Gautier bought up Eichens' firm. He began to develop several equatorial coude telescopes based on the design of Maurice Loewy which were used widely. He used lenses made by the br ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Carte Du Ciel
The Carte du Ciel (literally, 'Map of the Sky') and the Astrographic Catalogue (or Astrographic Chart) were two distinct but connected components of a massive international astronomical project, initiated in the late 19th century, to catalogue and map the positions of millions of stars as faint as 11th or 12th magnitude. Twenty observatories from around the world participated in exposing and measuring more than 22,000 (glass) photographic plates in an enormous observing programme extending over several decades. Despite, or because of, its vast scale, the project was only ever partially successful – the Carte du Ciel component was never completed, and for almost half a century the Astrographic Catalogue part was largely ignored. However, the appearance of the Hipparcos Catalogue in 1997 has led to an important development in the use of this historical plate material. Origins and goals A vast and unprecedented international star-mapping project was initiated in 1887 by Pari ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Secretan (company)
Secretan was a company based in Paris, France that manufactured telescopes and other scientific instruments. History In 1845, Marc Secretan (1804–1867), a Swiss mathematician, and Noël Paymal Lerebours (1807–1873), a French optician, established a firm in Paris that manufactured precision instruments. In 1854, Secretan became the sole owner of the company, which continued to operate under the name Lerebours & Secretan. With popular interest in astronomy growing, the French physicist Léon Foucault (1819–1868) entered into an exclusive contract with Secretan for the commercialization of a reflecting telescope. Upon the death of Secretan in 1867, the company’s management first passed to his son Auguste François (1833–1874), and then to Auguste’s cousin Georges Emmanuel Secrétan (1837–1906). Around 1889, Georges Secrétan moved the company’s workshops to 30 rue du Faubourg Saint-Jacques, near the Paris Observatory and appointed Raymond Augustin Mailhat (1862 †... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Léon Foucault
Jean Bernard Léon Foucault (, ; ; 18 September 1819 – 11 February 1868) was a French physicist best known for his demonstration of the Foucault pendulum, a device demonstrating the effect of Earth's rotation. He also made an early measurement of the speed of light, discovered eddy currents, and is credited with naming the gyroscope. Early years The son of a publisher, Foucault was born in Paris on 18 September 1819. After an education received chiefly at home, he studied medicine, which he abandoned in favour of physics due to a blood phobia. He first directed his attention to the improvement of Louis Daguerre's photographic processes. For three years he was experimental assistant to Alfred Donné (1801–1878) in his course of lectures on microscopic anatomy. With Hippolyte Fizeau he carried out a series of investigations on the intensity of the light of the sun, as compared with that of carbon in the arc lamp, and of lime in the flame of the oxyhydrogen blowpipe; on the int ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Coudé Auxiliary Telescope
The Coudé Auxiliary Telescope (CAT) is a coudé focus telescope located at the Lick Observatory near San Jose, California, south of Shane Dome, Tycho Brahe Peak. The Coudé Auxiliary Telescope, built in 1969, is a 0.6m (24-inch) reflecting telescope in a stationary position at a fixed focus. The CAT is generally used for observation of brighter stars, since it collects less light than the 120-inch Shane. See also * La Silla Observatory which has a 1.4m Coudé Auxiliary Telescope on the ESO 3.6 m Telescope *List of astronomical observatories This is a list of astronomical observatories ordered by name, along with initial dates of operation (where an accurate date is available) and location. The list also includes a final year of operation for many observatories that are no longer in ... References External linksA User Guide [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Maurice Loewy
Maurice (Moritz) Loewy (15 April 1833 – 15 October 1907) was a French astronomer. Loewy was born in Vienna.According to investigations by Anneliese Schnell (''Maurice Loewy and the equatorial Coudé in Vienna'', Astronomische Nachrichten, Vol. 330, Issue 6, p. 552-55, he was born in Vienna, because this city is, e.g., given in a French translation of his birth certificate. Vienna as his birthplace is also given in the obituaries, in most of the large encyclopedias, and in other sources. Some sources indicate, obviously wrongly, Bratislava, Pressburg or Marienbad as his place of birth. Loewy's Jewish parents moved to Vienna in 1841 to escape the antisemitism of their home town. Loewy became an assistant at the Vienna Observatory, working on celestial mechanics. However, the institutions of Austria-Hungary did not permit a Jew to advance to a senior position without renouncing his faith and embracing Catholicism. The director of the observatory Karl L. Littrow was a corresponde ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Paul Henry And Prosper Henry
Paul-Pierre Henry (Paul Henry) (21 August 1848 – 4 January 1905) and his brother Prosper-Mathieu Henry (Prosper Henry) (10 December 1849 – 25 July 1903) were French opticians and astronomers. They made refracting telescopes and instruments for observatories, and were involved in the origin of the ''Carte du Ciel'' project. Between the two of them, they discovered a total of 14 asteroids. The Minor Planet Center credits their discoveries under "P. P. Henry" and "P. M. Henry", respectively. The lunar crater Henry Frères (Henry brothers) and the Martian crater ''Henry'' are named after them. They were jointly awarded the first Valz Prize in 1877 for their sky charts designed to facilitate the search for minor planets According to the International Astronomical Union (IAU), a minor planet is an astronomical object in direct orbit around the Sun that is exclusively classified as neither a planet nor a comet. Before 2006, the IAU officially used the term ''minor .... List ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Refracting Telescope
A refracting telescope (also called a refractor) is a type of optical telescope that uses a lens (optics), lens as its objective (optics), objective to form an image (also referred to a dioptrics, dioptric telescope). The refracting telescope design was originally used in spyglasses and astronomy, astronomical telescopes but is also used for long-focus lens, long-focus camera lenses. Although large refracting telescopes were very popular in the second half of the 19th century, for most research purposes, the refracting telescope has been superseded by the reflecting telescope, which allows larger apertures. A refractor's magnification is calculated by dividing the focal length of the objective lens by that of the eyepiece. Refracting telescopes typically have a lens at the front, then a optical train, long tube, then an eyepiece or instrumentation at the rear, where the telescope view comes to focus. Originally, telescopes had an objective of one element, but a century later, tw ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Great Paris Exhibition Telescope Of 1900
The Great Paris Exhibition Telescope of 1900, with an objective lens of in diameter, was the largest refracting telescope ever constructed. It was built as the centerpiece of the Paris Universal Exhibition of 1900. Its construction was instigated in 1892 by François Deloncle (1856–1922), a member of the French Chambre des Députés. Since it was built for exhibit purposes within a large metropolis, and its design made it difficult to aim at astronomical objects, it was not suited for scientific use. When the year-long exposition was over, its builders were unable to sell it. It was ultimately broken up for scrap; the lenses are still stored away at the Paris Observatory. Design The telescope had two interchangeable objective lenses (for visual and photographic use respectively) in diameter, with a focal length of . Due to its extremely large size, the telescope was mounted in a fixed horizontal position. Light from astronomical objects was redirected into the optical tub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
François Deloncle
Antoine Benoît François Deloncle (14 August 1856 – 21 October 1922) was a French orientalist, journalist, diplomat and politician who was Deputy for Basses-Alpes from 1889 to 1898, Deputy for Cochinchina from 1902 to 1910, and again Deputy for Basses-Alpes from 1912 to 1914. He was a member of the ''groupe colonial'', in favour of expanding and consolidating the French colonial empire and opposed to the rival British Empire. He portrayed the British as oppressive despots compared to the civilized and tolerant French. Life Family François Deloncle was born on 14 August 1856 in Cahors, Lot. His family had provided many lawyers and judges to the Parliament of Toulouse. He was related to a Deputy of Côtes-du-Nord at the National Convention, great-grandson of a Deputy of Lot in 1809 and grandson of a president of the Cahors Court. His parents were Antoine Joseph Eugène Deloncle (1829–1887) and Anne Madeleine Adèle Caroline Joséphine Lathelize (born 1832). His father was ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Legion Of Honour
The National Order of the Legion of Honour (french: Ordre national de la Légion d'honneur), formerly the Royal Order of the Legion of Honour ('), is the highest French order of merit, both military and civil. Established in 1802 by Napoleon, Napoleon Bonaparte, it has been retained (with occasional slight alterations) by all later French governments and regimes. The order's motto is ' ("Honour and Fatherland"); its Seat (legal entity), seat is the Palais de la Légion d'Honneur next to the Musée d'Orsay, on the left bank of the Seine in Paris. The order is divided into five degrees of increasing distinction: ' (Knight), ' (Officer), ' (Commander (order), Commander), ' (Grand Officer) and ' (Grand Cross). History Consulate During the French Revolution, all of the French Order of chivalry, orders of chivalry were abolished and replaced with Weapons of Honour. It was the wish of Napoleon, Napoleon Bonaparte, the French Consulate, First Consul, to create a reward to commend c ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1842 Births
__NOTOC__ Year 184 ( CLXXXIV) was a leap year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar. At the time, it was known as the Year of the Consulship of Eggius and Aelianus (or, less frequently, year 937 ''Ab urbe condita''). The denomination 184 for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar era became the prevalent method in Europe for naming years. Events By place China * The Yellow Turban Rebellion and Liang Province Rebellion break out in China. * The Disasters of the Partisan Prohibitions ends. * Zhang Jue leads the peasant revolt against Emperor Ling of Han of the Eastern Han Dynasty. Heading for the capital of Luoyang, his massive and undisciplined army (360,000 men), burns and destroys government offices and outposts. * June – Ling of Han places his brother-in-law, He Jin, in command of the imperial army and sends them to attack the Yellow Turban rebels. * Winter – Zha ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
