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Parmalim
The term Parmalim or malim describes the followers of the '' Malim religion'' (''Ugamo Malim'' or Batak nation religion), the modern form of the traditional Batak religion. People who are not familiar with the Batak language may erroneously assume Parmalim is the name of the religion rather than its practitioners. At the end of the 19th and in the beginning of the 20th century the Parmalim movement, which originated in Toba lands spread to other areas of the Batak lands. Especially in the lower Karo lands, the 'dusun' the Malim religion, became very influential as an expression of anti-colonial sentiments at the turn of the 20th century. Today the majority of Parmalim are Toba Batak. The largest of the several existing Parmalim groups has its centre in Huta Tinggi in the vicinity of Laguboti on the south shore of Lake Toba. The Malim religion has some similarities with Islam, including a prohibition on the consumption of pork and of blood, and the practice of wearing turbans. Mod ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Batak (Indonesia)
Batak is a collective term used to identify a number of closely related Austronesian ethnic groups predominantly found in North Sumatra, Indonesia, who speak Batak languages. The term is used to include the Karo, Pakpak, Simalungun, Toba, Angkola, and Mandailing which are related groups with distinct languages and traditional customs (''adat''). Prehistory Linguistic and archaeological evidence indicates that Austronesian speakers first reached Sumatra from Taiwan and the Philippines through Borneo or Java about 2,500 years ago, and the Batak probably descended from these settlers. While the archaeology of southern Sumatra testifies to the existence of neolithic settlers, it seems that the northern part of Sumatra was settled by agriculturalists at a considerably later stage. Although the Batak are often considered to be isolated peoples thanks to their location inland, away from the influence of seafaring European colonials, there is evidence that they have been inv ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Toba Batak People
Toba people (Surat Batak: ᯅᯖᯂ᯲ ᯖᯬᯅ) also referred to as Batak Toba people are the largest group of the Batak people of North Sumatra, Indonesia. The common phrase of ‘Batak’ usually refers to the Batak Toba people. This mistake caused by the Toba people being the largest sub-group of the Batak ethnic and their differing social habit to self-identify as merely Batak instead of ‘Toba’ or ‘Batak Toba’, contrary to the habit of the Karo, Mandailing, Simalungun, Pakpak communities who commonly self-identified with their respective sub-groups. The Toba people are found in Toba Samosir Regency, Humbang Hasundutan Regency, Samosir Regency, North Tapanuli Regency, part of Dairi Regency, Central Tapanuli Regency, Sibolga and its surrounding regions. The Batak Toba people speak in the Toba Batak language and are centered on Lake Toba and Samosir Island within the lake. Batak Toba people frequently build in traditional Batak architecture styles which are common o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Religion In Indonesia
Several different religions are practised in Indonesia and in practice the country is a secular state. Indonesia is officially a presidential republic and a unitary state. Indonesia has the world's largest Muslim populationFrederick, William H.; Worden, Robert L., eds. (1993). ''Indonesia: A Country Study'', ChapteIslam and the first principle of Indonesia's philosophical foundation, Pancasila, requires its citizens to state "the One and almighty God". Consequently, atheists in Indonesia experience official discrimination in the context of registration of births and marriages and the issuance of identity cards. In addition, the Aceh province officially enforces Sharia law and is notorious for its discriminatory practices towards religious and sexual minorities. There are also pro-Sharia and fundamentalist movements in several parts of the country with overwhelming Muslim majorities. Several different religions are practised in the country, and their collective influen ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Batak Mythology
Batak mythology is the original belief that was once adopted by the Batak people of North Sumatra, Indonesia, namely before the arrival of Protestant, Catholic, or Islamic religions. There are various '' tarombo'' (ancestor myth) versions written on ''pustaha'' (ancient books) which historians study, but generally refer to the figures below. In this belief, the highest god who made the universe and everything in it was ''Debata (Ompung) Mulajadi na Bolon'', who reigned in the sky. Apart from being the ruler of the upper world, ''Debata Mulajadi na Bolon'' was also the ruler of the middle world, and the underworld of the spirits, but there he was called by other names. As the ruler of the middle world, he was called ''Silaon na Bolon'', and as the ruler of the world of the spirits, he was called ''Pane na Bolon''. The first creation of ''Debata Mulajadi na Bolon'' was ''Manukmanuk Hulambujati'', a magical chicken with an iron-beaked and shinny braceleted-claws. Manukmanuk Hulambuja ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pemena
Pemena is a tribal religion of Karo people (Indonesia), Karo people of Indonesia.Bangun, Roberto. 1989. ''Mengenal orang Karo''.Jakarta: Yayasan Pendidikan Bangun. Pemena means the first or the beginning. Pemena is regarded as the first religion of Karo people (Indonesia), Karo people. One of the doctrines of Pemena is the concept of ''Devata, Dibata''. See also * Parmalim References {{reflist Batak Asian ethnic religion Religion in Indonesia ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Malim Religion , a Malay literary work
{{Disambiguation, geo, surname ...
Malim may refer to Places * Malim Jaya, a township in Batu Berendam, Malacca, Malaysia *Tanjung Malim, a town in the state of Perak, Malaysia * Malim Nawar, a small town in Perak, Malaysia *Malim, a barangay of Tabina, Zamboanga del Sur, Philippines People *William Malim (1533–1594), English academic and author, head master of Eton College *Nigel Malim (1919–2006), Royal Navy officer Other * ''Malim'', an Empire ships coaster, formerly ''Empire Mayflower'' *Hikayat Malim Dewa Hikayat Malim Dewa ( Jawi: حكاية ماليم ديوا) is a historical Malay literary work. The identity of the author is unknown. It is among few surviving Malay historical literary works. References * Ana, P. (1908). Hikayat Malim Dewa ic ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Karo Plateau
Karo may refer to: Ethnic groups * Karo people (East Africa), a group of tribes in East Africa * Karo people (Ethiopia), an ethnic group from Ethiopia * Karo people (Indonesia), the indigenous people of the Karo Plateau in North Sumatra Languages * Karo language (Brazil), a Tupian language * Karo language (Ethiopia), an Omotic language * Karo language (Nilotic), a Nilotic language of Uganda, South Sudan and the DRC * Karo language (Indonesia), an Austronesian language spoken in Sumatra, Indonesia * The Kalo dialect of the Austronesian Keapara language of Papua New Guinea * The Karo dialect of the Papuan Rawa language of Papua New Guinea People * Karo (name), a list of people with the given name or surname Other uses * Karo Regency, a regency of North Sumatra, Indonesia * KARO (98.7 FM) a radio station of Oregon, the United States * Karō, samurai officials and advisers of feudal Japan * Karo-kari (honor killings against men is Karo) *Karo syrup, a US brand of corn syrup * K ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lake Toba
Lake Toba ( id, Danau Toba) ( Toba Batak: ᯖᯀᯬ ᯖᯬᯅ; romanized: ''Tao Toba'') is a large natural lake in North Sumatra, Indonesia, occupying the caldera of a supervolcano. The lake is located in the middle of the northern part of the island of Sumatra, with a surface elevation of about , the lake stretches from to . The lake is about long, wide, and up to deep. It is the largest lake in Indonesia and the largest volcanic lake in the world. Toba Caldera is one of twenty Geoparks in Indonesia, and was recognised in July 2020 as one of the UNESCO Global Geoparks. Lake Toba is the site of a supervolcanic eruption estimated at VEI 8 that occurred 69,000 to 77,000 years ago, representing a climate-changing event. Recent advances in dating methods suggest a more accurate identification of 74,000 years ago as the date. It is the largest-known explosive eruption on Earth in the last 25 million years. According to the Toba catastrophe theory, it had global consequences f ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sisingamangaraja XII
Patuan Bosar Sinambela ''ginoar'' Ompu Pulo Batu, better known as Si Singamangaraja XII (184917 June 1907), was the last priest-king of the Batak peoples of north Sumatra. In the course of fighting a lengthy guerrilla war against the Dutch colonisation of Sumatra from 1878 onwards, he was killed in a skirmish with Dutch troops in 1907. He was declared a National Hero of Indonesia in 1961 for his resistance to Dutch colonialism. Biography Si Singamangaraja XII was born Patuan Bosar Sinambela in Bakkara, Tapanuli, in 1849. He was the successor to his father Si Singamangaraja XI (Raja Sohahuaon Sinambela) who died in 1867. The title Si Singamangaraja which was used by the family dynasty of Marga Sinambela means "The Great Lion King": (1) the (honorific particle Si from sanskrit Sri) (2) Great King (manga raja from sanskrit maharaja), (3) Lion (singa). Since the Batak see themselves in their mythology as descendants of divine blood (all Margas have the mythological god-king Si Ra ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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