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Paris Métro Line 13
Paris Métro Line 13 (opened as Line B; French: ''Ligne 13 du métro de Paris'') is one of the sixteen lines of the Paris Métro. It was built by the Nord-Sud Company before becoming Line 13 when the Nord-Sud was merged into the Compagnie du chemin de fer métropolitain de Paris (CMP) in 1930. Line 13 was extended in 1976 to reach the northern end of Line 14, which was then absorbed into it. The number 14 was eventually reused for a new line in 1998. Line 13 was once planned to be replaced by a north–south RER line, but this was cancelled after the reorganisation of the Île-de-France region in 1965. Today, Line 13 connects the western part of Paris to the suburbs of Asnières-sur-Seine, Gennevilliers, Clichy, Saint-Denis and Saint-Ouen-sur-Seine in the north and to Malakoff, Vanves, Châtillon and Montrouge in the south. Serving 32 stations, it is the network's fifth busiest line, with 131.4 million passengers in 2017. The line will be automated in the early 2030s, be ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Saint-François-Xavier (Paris Métro)
Saint-François-Xavier () is a station on line 13 of the Paris Métro in the 7th arrondissement. It is named after the nearby Église Saint-François-Xavier, a church dedicated to Saint Francis Xavier (1506–1562), co-founder of the Society of Jesus. History The station opened on 20 December 1923 as part of the original section of line 10 between Invalides and Croix Rouge (a ghost station east of Sèvres - Babylone; it was closed permanently during World War II). On 27 July 1937, as part of a reconfiguration of lines 8, 10, and the old line 14, the section of line 10 between ''Invalides'' and Duroc was transferred to become the first section of old line 14, linking ''Invalides and'' Porte de Vanves''.'' On 9 November 1976, the old line 14 was merged with line 13 when it was extended from its former southern terminus at Saint-Lazare. The station's corridors and lighting were renovated as part of the "Renouveau du métro" programme by the RATP on during the 2000s. In 2 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
MF 77
The MF 77 (abbreviated from the French: ''Metro Fer appel d'offre 1977'') is a steel-wheeled variant of the rolling stock used on the Paris Métro. First used in 1978, it now runs on Lines 7, 8, and 13. Unlike previous models, the MF 77 was designed for travel into the immediate suburbs of Paris, and as a result has a maximum speed of which has yet to be fully utilized. In addition, it sports a new, curved silhouette with a wider midsection. Its original exterior colors, blue and white, led passengers to refer to it as ''le métro blanc'', or white metro. History Replacing the Sprague In the early 1970s, upon the completion of the MF 67 delivery, at the time the newest steel-wheeled trains on the Métro, many technological advances in braking and traction caused the RATP, which oversees operations of the Parisian public transport network, to examine the possibilities for new steel, rather than rubber, wheeled trains to replace the aging Sprague-Thomson fleet. Thus, the R ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Paris Métro Line 10
Paris Métro Line 10 is one of 16 metro lines in Paris, France. The line links the Boulogne – Pont de Saint Cloud metro station in Boulogne in the west with the Gare d'Austerlitz, travelling under the neighborhoods situated on the Rive Gauche in the southern half of Paris and the commune of Boulogne-Billancourt. Its two termini are Gare d'Austerlitz and Boulogne – Pont de Saint-Cloud. The line is entirely underground and stretches across 23 stations. It has the least traffic of any of the 14 main metro lines (excluding lines 3bis and 7bis). Initially, the MA 51 model trains, which had previously been used on line 13 until it joined line 14, circulated the tracks of line 10. These trains were first constructed with three cars on four bogies per train, and two trains permanently connected to make six cars per train, having an equivalent capacity to five cars on the classic metro trains. Because of the ineffectiveness of the MA 51 model, it was eventually complete ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Regions Of France
France is divided into eighteen administrative regions (french: régions, singular ), of which thirteen are located in metropolitan France (in Europe), while the other five are overseas regions (not to be confused with the overseas collectivities, which have a semi-autonomous status). All of the thirteen metropolitan administrative regions (including Corsica ) are further subdivided into two to thirteen administrative departments, with the prefect of each region's administrative centre's department also acting as the regional prefect. The overseas regions administratively consist of only one department each and hence also have the status of overseas departments. Most administrative regions also have the status of regional territorial collectivities, which comes with a local government, with departmental and communal collectivities below the region level. The exceptions are Corsica, French Guiana, Mayotte and Martinique, where region and department functions are ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Île-de-France
The Île-de-France (, ; literally "Isle of France") is the most populous of the eighteen regions of France. Centred on the capital Paris, it is located in the north-central part of the country and often called the ''Région parisienne'' (; en, Paris Region). Île-de-France is densely populated and retains a prime economic position on the national stage: though it covers only , about 2% of metropolitan French territory, its 2017 population was nearly one-fifth of the national total. The region is made up of eight administrative departments: Paris, Essonne, Hauts-de-Seine, Seine-Saint-Denis, Seine-et-Marne, Val-de-Marne, Val-d'Oise and Yvelines. It was created as the "District of the Paris Region" in 1961. In 1976, when its status was aligned with the French administrative regions created in 1972, it was renamed after the historic province of Île-de-France. Residents are sometimes referred to as ''Franciliens'', an administrative word created in the 1980s. The GDP of the region in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Réseau Express Régional
The Réseau Express Régional ( en, Regional Express Network), commonly abbreviated RER (), is a hybrid commuter rail and rapid transit system serving Paris and its suburbs. It acts as a combined city-centre underground rail system and suburbs-to-city-centre commuter rail. In the city centre it acts much like the Paris Métro, though faster, having fewer stops. This has made it a model for proposals to improve transit within other cities. The network consists of five lines: A, B, C, D and E. The network has 257 stations and has interchanges with the Métro and commuter rail within the City of Paris and the suburbs. The lines are identified by letters to avoid confusion with the Métro lines, which are identified by numbers. The network is still expanding: RER E, which opened in 1999, is planned for westward extension toward La Défense and Mantes-la-Jolie in two phases by 2024–2026. Characteristics The RER contains 257 stations, 33 of which are within the city of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Paris Métro Line 14
Paris Métro Line 14 (French: ''Ligne 14 du métro de Paris'') is one of the sixteen lines on the Paris Métro. It connects the stations Mairie de Saint-Ouen and Olympiades on a north-west south-east diagonal via the three major stations of Gare Saint-Lazare, The Châtelet–Les-Halles complex and the Gare de Lyon. The line goes through the centre of Paris, and reaches the communes of Saint-Ouen-sur-Seine and Clichy. The first purpose built Métro line built in Paris since the 1930s, it has been operated completely automatically since its opening in 1998, and the very positive return of that experiment motivated the retrofitting of Line 1 for full automation. Before being put into commercial service Line 14 was known as project Météor, an acronym of '' MÉTro Est-Ouest Rapide''. The line has been used as a showcase for the expertise of the RATP (the operator), and Systra and Siemens Transportation Systems (constructors of the rolling stock and automated equipment respec ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Paris Métro Line 14 (1937–76)
Paris Métro Line 14 (French: ''Ligne 14 du métro de Paris'') is one of the sixteen lines on the Paris Métro. It connects the stations Mairie de Saint-Ouen and Olympiades on a north-west south-east diagonal via the three major stations of Gare Saint-Lazare, The Châtelet–Les-Halles complex and the Gare de Lyon. The line goes through the centre of Paris, and reaches the communes of Saint-Ouen-sur-Seine and Clichy. The first Paris Métro line built from scratch since the 1930s, it has been operated completely automatically since its opening in 1998, and the very positive return of that experiment motivated the retrofitting of Line 1 for full automation. Before the start of its commercial service Line 14 was known as project Météor, an acronym of '' MÉTro Est-Ouest Rapide''. The line has been used as a showcase for the expertise of the RATP (the operator), and Systra and Siemens Transportation Systems (constructors of the rolling stock and automated equipment respecti ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Compagnie Du Chemin De Fer Métropolitain De Paris
The Compagnie du chemin de fer métropolitain de Paris S.A. (Paris Metropolitan Railway Company Ltd.), or CMP, was the forerunner of the RATP, the company managing the Paris Métro. Origin So as not to be dependent on the Chemin de fer de l'État (national rail administration) for its rail transport, the City of Paris decided in 1883 on the construction of a subway network. There were some tensions between the national government and the city for the control of the operation, but the approach of the World Fair of 1900 speeded the decisions. In 1895, Louis Barthou, minister for public works, accepted that the construction work should be carried out by the city. That included building the tunnels, viaducts and stations and contracting for the operation. In 1897 the city council chose the General Traction Company, owned by the Belgian Baron Édouard Louis Joseph Empain. An act of 30 March 1898 declared a public utility for "the construction of a metropolitan railway by electric ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nord-Sud Company
The Nord-Sud Company (English: North-South; french: Société du chemin de fer électrique souterrain Nord-Sud de Paris) was an operator of underground trains in Paris established in 1904, which built two lines (now Line 12 and part of Line 13) and had a concession to build a third. It was taken over by the Compagnie du chemin de fer métropolitain de Paris (CMP) in 1930 and incorporated into the Paris Métro. History Concept The north–south was the initiative of Jean-Baptiste Berlier, an engineer from Lyon trained at the École Nationale Supérieure des Mines de Saint-Étienne, who had previously attempted to build an underground tubular tramway in 1897. In 1901 he proposed, with the financial support of Xavier Janicot, to construct a line between Montparnasse and Montmartre passing through the Gare d'Orsay and Gare Saint-Lazare through two parallel tunnels, consisting of a series of metal hoops, at a similar depth to the London "tube". This method of construction w ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
French Language
French ( or ) is a Romance languages, Romance language of the Indo-European languages, Indo-European family. It descended from the Vulgar Latin of the Roman Empire, as did all Romance languages. French evolved from Gallo-Romance, the Latin spoken in Gaul, and more specifically in Northern Gaul. Its closest relatives are the other langues d'oïl—languages historically spoken in northern France and in southern Belgium, which French (Francien) largely supplanted. French was also substratum, influenced by native Celtic languages of Northern Roman Gaul like Gallia Belgica and by the (Germanic languages, Germanic) Frankish language of the post-Roman Franks, Frankish invaders. Today, owing to France's French colonial empire, past overseas expansion, there are numerous French-based creole languages, most notably Haitian Creole language, Haitian Creole. A French-speaking person or nation may be referred to as Francophone in both English and French. French is an official language in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
