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Pankararú Language
Pankararú (''Pancaré, Pankaré, Pancaru, Pankaruru, Pankarará, Pankaravu, Pankaroru, Pankarú, Brancararu'') is an extinct language of eastern Brazil. There are 6,000 ethnic Pankararú, but they all speak Portuguese. In 1961, only two elders could remember anything of the language. Today, they live in Brejo dos Padres and other villages of Tacaratu, Pernambuco State. The language was originally spoken between the Moxotó River and the Pajeú River. In the 19th century the people split into two ethnic groups, the Pankararú and the Pankararé. One quarter of the Parkararé retain their traditional religion. Their language, however, is unattested, and can only be assumed to be a dialect of Pankararu. Classification Pankararú has no proven relatives and remains unclassified. There are similarities with Tukano and Tupian. Meader (1976) found that of 80 known lexical items, one third (26) are clearly cognate with Tupian languages. He speculates that the last speakers of Pank ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Brazil
Brazil ( pt, Brasil; ), officially the Federative Republic of Brazil (Portuguese: ), is the largest country in both South America and Latin America. At and with over 217 million people, Brazil is the world's fifth-largest country by area and the seventh most populous. Its capital is Brasília, and its most populous city is São Paulo. The federation is composed of the union of the 26 States of Brazil, states and the Federal District (Brazil), Federal District. It is the largest country to have Portuguese language, Portuguese as an List of territorial entities where Portuguese is an official language, official language and the only one in the Americas; one of the most Multiculturalism, multicultural and ethnically diverse nations, due to over a century of mass Immigration to Brazil, immigration from around the world; and the most populous Catholic Church by country, Roman Catholic-majority country. Bounded by the Atlantic Ocean on the east, Brazil has a Coastline of Brazi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Black Jaguar
A black panther is the melanistic colour variant of the leopard (''Panthera pardus'') and the jaguar (''Panthera onca''). Black panthers of both species have excess black pigments, but their typical rosettes are also present. They have been documented mostly in tropical forests, with black leopards in Kenya, India, Sri Lanka, Nepal, Thailand, Peninsular Malaysia and Java, and black jaguars of the Americas in Mexico, Panama, Costa Rica, Brazil and Paraguay. Melanism is caused by a recessive allele in the leopard, and by a dominant allele in the jaguar. Leopard In 1788, Jean-Claude Delamétherie described a black leopard that was kept in the Tower of London and had been brought from Bengal. In 1794, Friedrich Albrecht Anton Meyer proposed the scientific name ''Felis fusca'' for this cat, the Indian leopard (''P. p. fusca''). In 1809, Georges Cuvier described a black leopard kept in the Ménagerie du Jardin des plantes that had been brought from Java. Cuvier proposed the n ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Extinct Languages Of South America
This is a partial list of extinct languages of South America, languages which have undergone language death, have no native speakers and no spoken descendant. There are 176 languages listed. Argentina * Abipón *Chané * Cacán * Het * All languages of the Charruan family, as Chaná and Güenoa * Henia-Camiare *Huarpe languages: Allentiac and Millcayac * Lule *Ona * Puelche * Tehuelche * Tonocoté Bolivia * Canichana * Cayubaba * Chane * Itene *Saraveca * Sirinó Brazil * Acroá * Arara * Arawá * Aroã * Guana * Kaimbé * Kamakan *Kamba * Kambiwá * Kanoé *Kapinawá * Kariri-Xocó * Maritsauá * Nukuini * Oti * Otuke * Pankararé * Paranawát * Pataxó-Hãhaãi *Potiguara *Puri *Tapeba * Tingui-Boto * Truká * Tukumanféd * Turiwara * Tuxá * Tuxinawa * Uamué * Umotina * Wakoná * Wasu * Wiraféd * Xakriabá * Yabaâna Chile * Kakauhua * Chono *Selk'nam Colombia * Aarufi * Andaqui * Anserma * Arma-Pozo * Atanque * Atunceta * Barbacoas *Calamari *Chibcha * Chitarer ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Unclassified Languages Of South America
The following purported languages of South America are listed as unclassified in Campbell (2012), Loukotka (1968), '' Ethnologue'', and '' Glottolog''. Nearly all are extinct. It is likely that many of them were not actually distinct languages, only an ethnic or regional name. Campbell (2012) Campbell (2012:116-130) lists the following 395 languages of South America as unclassified. Most are extinct.Campbell, Lyle, and Verónica Grondona (eds). 2012. ''The indigenous languages of South America: a comprehensive guide''. Berlin: De Gruyter Mouton. Many were drawn from Loukotka (1968)Loukotka, Čestmír. 1968. ''Classification of South American Indian Languages'' Los Angeles: Latin American Studies Center, UCLA. and Adelaar & Muysken (2004).Adelaar, Willem F.H., and Pieter C. Muysken. 2004. ''The Languages of the Andes''. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. The majority are not listed in '' Ethnologue''. The list is arranged in alphabetical order. *Aarufi – Colombia *Aburuñ ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Language Isolates Of South America
Language is a structured system of communication. The structure of a language is its grammar and the free components are its vocabulary. Languages are the primary means by which humans communicate, and may be conveyed through a variety of methods, including spoken, sign, and written language. Many languages, including the most widely-spoken ones, have writing systems that enable sounds or signs to be recorded for later reactivation. Human language is highly variable between cultures and across time. Human languages have the properties of productivity and displacement, and rely on social convention and learning. Estimates of the number of human languages in the world vary between and . Precise estimates depend on an arbitrary distinction (dichotomy) established between languages and dialects. Natural languages are spoken, signed, or both; however, any language can be encoded into secondary media using auditory, visual, or tactile stimuli – for example, writing, whis ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
SIL International
SIL International (formerly known as the Summer Institute of Linguistics) is an evangelical Christian non-profit organization whose main purpose is to study, develop and document languages, especially those that are lesser-known, in order to expand linguistic knowledge, promote literacy, translate the Christian Bible into local languages, and aid minority language development. Based on its language documentation work, SIL publishes a database, ''Ethnologue'', of its research into the world's languages, and develops and publishes software programs for language documentation, such as FieldWorks Language Explorer (FLEx) and Lexique Pro. Its main offices in the United States are located at the International Linguistics Center in Dallas, Texas. History William Cameron Townsend, a Presbyterian minister, founded the organization in 1934, after undertaking a Christian mission with the Disciples of Christ among the Kaqchikel Maya people in Guatemala in the early 1930s.George Thomas ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Euphractus Sexcinctus
The six-banded armadillo (''Euphractus sexcinctus''), also known as the yellow armadillo, is an armadillo found in South America. The sole extant member of its genus, it was first described by Swedish zoologist Carl Linnaeus in 1758. The six-banded armadillo is typically between in head-and-body length, and weighs . The carapace (hard shell on the back) is pale yellow to reddish brown, marked by scales of equal length, and scantily covered by buff to white bristle-like hairs. The forefeet have five distinct toes, each with moderately developed claws. Six-banded armadillos are efficient diggers and form burrows to live in and search for prey. The armadillo is alert and primarily solitary. An omnivore, it feeds on insects, ants, carrion, and plant material. Due to their poor eyesight, armadillos rely on their sense of smell to detect prey and predators. Births take place throughout the year; gestation is 60 to 64 days long, after which a litter of one to three is born. Weani ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Six-banded Armadillo
The six-banded armadillo (''Euphractus sexcinctus''), also known as the yellow armadillo, is an armadillo found in South America. The sole extant member of its genus, it was first described by Swedish zoologist Carl Linnaeus in 1758. The six-banded armadillo is typically between in head-and-body length, and weighs . The carapace (hard shell on the back) is pale yellow to reddish brown, marked by scales of equal length, and scantily covered by buff to white bristle-like hairs. The forefeet have five distinct toes, each with moderately developed claws. Six-banded armadillos are efficient diggers and form burrows to live in and search for prey. The armadillo is alert and primarily solitary. An omnivore, it feeds on insects, ants, carrion, and plant material. Due to their poor eyesight, armadillos rely on their sense of smell to detect prey and predators. Births take place throughout the year; gestation is 60 to 64 days long, after which a litter of one to three is born. Weaning o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kerodon Rupestris
The rock cavy or ''mocó'' (''Kerodon rupestris'') is a cavy species endemic to eastern Brazil which has also been introduced to the Atlantic island of Fernando de Noronha. The rock cavy is called ''mocó'' in Brazilian Portuguese, and ''koriko pexerumen'' in the Xukuru language of Pernambuco, Brazil. Description The rock cavy is a fairly large rodent weighing up to . Like other cavy species, their tails are vestigial or absent. Their backs are grey-brown and their bellies tan to light brown. In appearance and habit, they closely resemble the unrelated African rock hyraxes (an example of convergent evolution). They are herbivorous, feeding on seeds and leaves of the scrubby vegetation that grows in their territories. This vegetation consists of tender leaves and certain species of creeper. Distribution and habitat Rock cavies are found in dry, rocky areas with low, scrubby vegetation, and they prefer to reside close to stony mountainsides and hills. They are native to e ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rock Cavy
The rock cavy or ''mocó'' (''Kerodon rupestris'') is a cavy species endemic to eastern Brazil which has also been introduced to the Atlantic island of Fernando de Noronha. The rock cavy is called ''mocó'' in Brazilian Portuguese, and ''koriko pexerumen'' in the Xukuru language of Pernambuco, Brazil. Description The rock cavy is a fairly large rodent weighing up to . Like other cavy species, their tails are vestigial or absent. Their backs are grey-brown and their bellies tan to light brown. In appearance and habit, they closely resemble the unrelated African rock hyraxes (an example of convergent evolution). They are herbivorous, feeding on seeds and leaves of the scrubby vegetation that grows in their territories. This vegetation consists of tender leaves and certain species of creeper. Distribution and habitat Rock cavies are found in dry, rocky areas with low, scrubby vegetation, and they prefer to reside close to stony mountainsides and hills. They are native to eas ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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