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Paestum
Paestum ( , , ) was a major ancient Greek city on the coast of the Tyrrhenian Sea in Magna Graecia (southern Italy). The ruins of Paestum are famous for their three ancient Greek temples in the Doric order, dating from about 550 to 450 BC, which are in an excellent state of preservation. The city walls and amphitheatre are largely intact, and the bottom of the walls of many other structures remain, as well as paved roads. The site is open to the public, and there is a modern national museum within it, which also contains the finds from the associated Greek site of Foce del Sele. Solinus wrote that it was established by Dorians. After its foundation by Greek colonists under the name of Poseidonia ( grc, Ποσειδωνία), it was eventually conquered by the local Lucanians and later the Romans. The Lucanians renamed it to Paistos and the Romans gave the city its current name. As Pesto or Paestum, the town became a bishopric (now only titular), but it was abandoned in the E ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Foce Del Sele
The Heraion at Foce del Sele (English "Heraion at the mouth of the River Sele") is an archaeological site consisting of an Ancient Greek sanctuary complex dedicated to the goddess Hera in Magna Grecia (southern Italy). It was originally located at the mouth of the Sele, about north of the Greek city of Poseidonia, famous for its three standing Greek temples, but is now about from the modern coast as a result of the deposition of alluvial sediment by the river. The site is in the modern commune of Capaccio-Paestum, some south of Naples. The complex was constructed from the 6th to at least the 3rd centuries BC, and included a Greek temple and other buildings. It was in the countryside, and may have included buildings to accommodate pilgrims. In the Middle Ages most of the stones were removed for use as building materials or other purposes. After the best surviving pieces, including around 70 6th-century metope reliefs, were excavated and moved to the museum at Paestum, ther ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ancient Greek Temple
Greek temples ( grc, ναός, naós, dwelling, semantically distinct from Latin , "temple") were structures built to house deity statues within Greek sanctuaries in ancient Greek religion. The temple interiors did not serve as meeting places, since the sacrifices and rituals dedicated to the respective ouranic (a god or goddess that does not reside on the Earth) deity took place outside them, within the wider precinct of the sanctuary, which might be large. Temples were frequently used to store votive offerings. They are the most important and most widespread building type in Greek architecture. In the Hellenistic kingdoms of Southwest Asia and of North Africa, buildings erected to fulfill the functions of a temple often continued to follow the local traditions. Even where a Greek influence is visible, such structures are not normally considered as Greek temples. This applies, for example, to the Graeco-Parthian and Bactrian temples, or to the Ptolemaic examples, which foll ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Capaccio Paestum
Capaccio Paestum (formerly only Capaccio) is a town and ''comune'' in the province of Salerno in the Campania region of south-western Italy. The ruins of the ancient Greek city of Paestum lie within borders of the ''comune''. History Geography Located in northern Cilento, near the mouth of Sele, Capaccio is a hill town surrounded by a plain in which resides almost all of the hamlets (''frazioni'') and the majority of the population, mostly concentrated at Capaccio Scalo, seat of the train station. The municipality borders with Agropoli, Albanella, Cicerale, Eboli, Giungano, Roccadaspide and Trentinara. The hamlets are Borgo Nuovo, Capaccio Scalo, Cafasso, Chiorbo, Foce Sele, Gaiarda, Gromola, Laura, Licinella, Linora, Paestum, Ponte Barizzo, Rettifilo-Vannulo, Spinazzo, Santa Venere, Tempa di Lepre, Torre di Mare, Tempa San Paolo, and Vuccolo Maiorano. Transport The nearest airport is Salerno-Pontecagnano (QSR), 35 km from Capaccio. Notable people * Vincenzo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Roman Catholic Diocese Of Pesto
The Roman Catholic Diocese of Pesto (or Paëstum or Pæstum) was a bishopric, later under the name of Capaccio, and became a Latin Catholic titular see in 1966. History The diocese was established, perhaps around 400 AD, in Paestum, the Ancient Greco-Roman city now called Pesto in Italian. In the late 6th century, the bishops of Paestum had to relocate their seat to Agropoli (the acropolis). Three letters of Pope Gregory I are directed to Bishop Felix at that site. Louis Duchesne remarks that, in Lucania, after the Gothic War (535–554), there were seven bishoprics; after the Lombards arrived, six of them were destroyed; the only one that survived was Paestum, which was compelled to abandon its seat and seek refuge in the Byzantine fort of Arropolis. He implies that the Lombards were the actual cause. It is claimed that the diocese of Paestum gained territory in 750 from the suppressed diocese of Sala Consilina. Only two bishops of Consilina are known, however, one between 494 an ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Paestum (frazione)
Paestum () is a ''frazione'' of the ''comune'' (municipality) of Capaccio in the Cilento area of southern Italy. It lies in the province of Salerno which is part of the region of Campania. It is situated on the Tyrrhenian coast and is notable for the famous ruins of the ancient city of the same name nearby. Overview Paestum can be reached by the road linking Agropoli to Battipaglia Battipaglia () is a municipality (''comune'') in the province of Salerno, Campania, south-western Italy. Famed as a production place of buffalo mozzarella, Battipaglia is the economic hub of the Sele plain. History Formerly part of the ancien .... The village also has a railway station on the Naples-Salerno-Reggio Calabria railway line. The nearest airport is Salerno-Pontecagnano (QSR), 30 km from Paestum. References External links Frazioni of the Province of Salerno Localities of Cilento {{Campania-geo-stub it:Paestum ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Magna Graecia
Magna Graecia (, ; , , grc, Μεγάλη Ἑλλάς, ', it, Magna Grecia) was the name given by the Romans to the coastal areas of Southern Italy in the present-day Italian regions of Calabria, Apulia, Basilicata, Campania and Sicily; these regions were extensively populated by Greek settlers. These settlers, who began arriving in the 8th century BC, brought with them their Hellenic civilization, which left a lasting imprint on Italy (such as in the culture of ancient Rome). They also influenced the native peoples, such as the Sicels and the Oenotrians, who became hellenized after they adopted the Greek culture as their own. The Greek expression ''Megálē Hellás'', later translated into Latin as ''Magna Graecia,'' first appears in Polybius' '' Histories,'' where he ascribed the term to Pythagoras and his philosophical school. Strabo also used the term to refer to the size of the territory that had been conquered by the Greeks, and the Roman poet Ovid used the term in his p ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Entasis
In architecture, entasis is the application of a convex curve to a surface for aesthetic purposes. Its best-known use is in certain orders of Classical columns that curve slightly as their diameter is decreased from the bottom upward. It also may serve an engineering function regarding strength. Etymology The word we apply to the design principle is used by the Roman architectural historian Vitruvius, and derives from the Greek word έντείνω (''enteino''), "to stretch or strain tight". Creating the illusion of greater strength or perception of height may have been an objective in the application of entasis. Examples Examples of this design principle may be found in cultures throughout the world, from ancient times to contemporary architecture. The first use of entasis is probably in the Later Temple of Aphaia at Aigina, in the 490s B.C. It also may be observed among Classical period Greek column designs, for example, in the Doric order temples in Segesta, Selinus, Agrigen ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Campania
Campania (, also , , , ) is an administrative Regions of Italy, region of Italy; most of it is in the south-western portion of the Italian peninsula (with the Tyrrhenian Sea to its west), but it also includes the small Phlegraean Islands and the island of Capri. The capital of the Campania region is Naples. As of 2018, the region had a population of around 5,820,000 people, making it Italy's third most populous region, and, with an area of , its most densely populated region. Based on its Gross domestic product, GDP, Campania is also the most economically productive region in southern Italy List of Italian regions by GDP, and the 7th most productive in the whole country. Naples' urban area, which is in Campania, is the List of urban areas in the European Union, eighth most populous in the European Union. The region is home to 10 of the 58 List of World Heritage Sites in Italy, UNESCO sites in Italy, including Pompeii and Herculaneum, the Royal Palace of Caserta, the Amalfi Coast and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Doric Order
The Doric order was one of the three orders of ancient Greek and later Roman architecture; the other two canonical orders were the Ionic and the Corinthian. The Doric is most easily recognized by the simple circular capitals at the top of columns. Originating in the western Doric region of Greece, it is the earliest and, in its essence, the simplest of the orders, though still with complex details in the entablature above. The Greek Doric column was fluted or smooth-surfaced, and had no base, dropping straight into the stylobate or platform on which the temple or other building stood. The capital was a simple circular form, with some mouldings, under a square cushion that is very wide in early versions, but later more restrained. Above a plain architrave, the complexity comes in the frieze, where the two features originally unique to the Doric, the triglyph and gutta, are skeuomorphic memories of the beams and retaining pegs of the wooden constructions that preceded stone Do ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lucani (ancient People)
The Lucanians ( la, Lucani) were an Italic tribe living in Lucania, in what is now southern Italy, who spoke an Oscan language, a member of the Italic languages. Today, the inhabitants of the Basilicata region are still called Lucani, and so their dialect. Language and writing The Lucani spoke a variety of the Umbrian- Oscan language, like their neighbours, the Samnites, who had absorbed the Osci in the 5th century BC. The few Oscan inscriptions and coins in the area that survive from the 4th or 3rd century BC use the Greek alphabet. History Around the middle of the 5th century BC, the Lucani moved south into Oenotria, driving the indigenous tribes, known to the Greeks as Oenotrians, Chones, and Lauternoi, into the mountainous interior. The Lucanians were engaged in hostilities with the Greek colony of Taras/Tarentum, and with Alexander, king of Epirus, who was called in by the Tarentine people to their assistance, in 334 BC, thus providing a precedent for Epirote interf ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cilento And Vallo Di Diano National Park
Cilento, Vallo di Diano and Alburni National Park (Italian language, Italian ''Parco Nazionale del Cilento, Vallo di Diano e Alburni'') is an List of National Parks of Italy, Italian national park in the Province of Salerno, in Campania in southern Italy. It includes much of the Cilento, the Vallo di Diano and the Monti Alburni. It was founded in 1991, and was formerly known as the Parco Nazionale del Cilento e Vallo di Diano. History The park was officially instituted on December 6, 1991 to protect the territory of Cilento from building speculation and mass tourism. Originally named Parco Nazionale del Cilento e Vallo di Diano, in 1998 it became a World Heritage Site of UNESCO, also with the ancient Greek towns of Paestum, Velia and the Padula Certosa di Padula, Charterhouse. The other natural reserves instituted in the area of the park are the "Natural reserve of Foce Sele (river), Sele-Tanagro" (created in 1993, with the Oasis of Persano) and the "Maritime reserve of Licosa, Pu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sybaris
Sybaris ( grc, Σύβαρις; it, Sibari) was an important city of Magna Graecia. It was situated in modern Calabria, in southern Italy, between two rivers, the Crathis (Crati) and the Sybaris (Coscile). The city was founded in 720 BC by Achaeans (tribe), Achaean and Troezenian settlers. Sybaris amassed great wealth thanks to its fertile land and busy port. Its inhabitants became famous among the Greeks for their hedonism, feasts, and excesses, to the extent that "sybarite" and "sybaritic" have become bywords for opulence, luxury, and outrageous pleasure-seeking. In 510/509 BC the city was subjugated by its neighbor Crotone, Kroton and its population driven out. Sybaris became a dependent ally of Kroton, but Kroton again besieged the city in 476/475 BC, probably resulting in another victory for Kroton. Two attempts to reoccupy the city failed around 452/451 BC and 446/445 BC when the remaining Sybarites were again expelled by the Krotoniates. After a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
