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P Chip
The term P chip () refers to Chinese companies listed on the Hong Kong Stock Exchange which are incorporated in the Cayman Islands, Bermuda and the British Virgin Islands with operations in mainland China, and are run by private sector Chinese businessmen. During the financial crisis of 2007–2010, P chips showed a dramatic increase in the rate of bankruptcy failures as compared to H shares or red chips. Since the main difference among private sector Chinese companies incorporated abroad is the exchange in which they are listed, the following terms are used to differentiate them: * P chip if traded in Hong Kong (P stands for "private"). * S chip if traded in Singapore. * N share if traded in the NYSE, NASDAQ, or the AMEX. * L share if traded in London. Therefore, the main difference between P chips and S chips is the exchange on which they are traded. However, a few market participants may use the term "P chips" to refer to the entire universe of private sector Chinese compa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hong Kong Stock Exchange
The Stock Exchange of Hong Kong (SEHK, also known as Hong Kong Stock Exchange) is a stock exchange based in Hong Kong. As of the end of 2020, it has 2,538 listed companies with a combined market capitalization of HK$47 trillion. It is reported as the fastest growing stock exchange in Asia. The stock exchange is owned (through its subsidiary Stock Exchange of Hong Kong Limited) by Hong Kong Exchanges and Clearing Limited (HKEX), a holding company that it also lists () and that in 2021 became world's largest bourse operator in terms of market capitalization, surpassing Chicago-based CME. The physical trading floor at Exchange Square was closed in October 2017. History The Hong Kong securities market can be traced back to 1866, but the stock market was formally set up in 1891, when the Association of Stockbrokers in Hong Kong was established. It was renamed as The Hong Kong Stock Exchange in 1914. By 1972, Hong Kong had four stock exchanges in operation. There were subsequen ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Financial Market Participants
There are two basic financial market participant distinctions, investor vs. speculator and institutional vs. retail. Action in financial markets by central banks is usually regarded as intervention rather than participation. Supply side vs. demand side A market participant may either be coming from the supply side, hence supplying excess money (in the form of investments) in favor of the demand side; or coming from the demand side, hence demanding excess money (in the form of borrowed equity) in favor of the supply side. This equation originated from Keynesian advocates. The theory explains that a given market may have excess cash; hence the supplier of funds may lend it; and those in need of cash may borrow the funds supplied. Hence, the equation: aggregate savings equals aggregate investments. The demand side consists of: those in need of cash flows (daily operational needs); those in need of interim financing (bridge financing); those in need of long-term funds for speci ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Stock Market Terminology
In finance, stock (also capital stock) consists of all the shares by which ownership of a corporation or company is divided.Longman Business English Dictionary: "stock - ''especially AmE'' one of the shares into which ownership of a company is divided, or these shares considered together" "When a company issues shares or stocks ''especially AmE'', it makes them available for people to buy for the first time." (Especially in American English, the word "stocks" is also used to refer to shares.) A single share of the stock means fractional ownership of the corporation in proportion to the total number of shares. This typically entitles the shareholder (stockholder) to that fraction of the company's earnings, proceeds from liquidation of assets (after discharge of all senior claims such as secured and unsecured debt), or voting power, often dividing these up in proportion to the amount of money each stockholder has invested. Not all stock is necessarily equal, as certain classe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
China Stock Frauds
China, officially the People's Republic of China (PRC), is a country in East Asia. It is the world's most populous country, with a population exceeding 1.4 billion, slightly ahead of India. China spans the equivalent of five time zones and borders fourteen countries by land, the most of any country in the world, tied with Russia. Covering an area of approximately , it is the world's third largest country by total land area. The country consists of 22 provinces, five autonomous regions, four municipalities, and two Special Administrative Regions (Hong Kong and Macau). The national capital is Beijing, and the most populous city and financial center is Shanghai. Modern Chinese trace their origins to a cradle of civilization in the fertile basin of the Yellow River in the North China Plain. The semi-legendary Xia dynasty in the 21st century BCE and the well-attested Shang and Zhou dynasties developed a bureaucratic political system to serve hereditary monarchies, or dyn ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
S Chips Scandals
S chips () are Chinese companies listed on the Singapore Exchange. Their shares are known as S shares. S chips are incorporated in Singapore, the British Virgin Islands, the Cayman Islands and Bermuda and have their business operations in mainland China. Some S chips were beset by corporate governance and accounting problems, resulting in reputational issues that led to share price declines in 2009. The main difference between S chips and P chips is the exchange on which they are traded. An index that covers the prices of S-Chips is the FTSE ST China Index. From January 2008 to October 2009, the FTSE ST China Index had a return of −60%, as opposed to a return of −20% for the |
G Share
G, or g, is the seventh letter in the Latin alphabet, used in the modern English alphabet, the alphabets of other western European languages and others worldwide. Its name in English is ''gee'' (pronounced ), plural ''gees''. History The letter 'G' was introduced in the Old Latin period as a variant of ' C' to distinguish voiced from voiceless . The recorded originator of 'G' is freedman Spurius Carvilius Ruga, who added letter G to the teaching of the Roman alphabet during the 3rd century BC: he was the first Roman to open a fee-paying school, around 230 BCE. At this time, ' K' had fallen out of favor, and 'C', which had formerly represented both and before open vowels, had come to express in all environments. Ruga's positioning of 'G' shows that alphabetic order related to the letters' values as Greek numerals was a concern even in the 3rd century BC. According to some records, the original seventh letter, 'Z', had been purged from the Latin alphabet somewhat ear ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Green Chip
Green chips are stocks in a companies in "green" or environmentally friendly industries or that operate in a socially responsible manner. It is a play on the term blue chip stocks with the word "green" representing eco investing or more broadly socially responsible investing. Green chip companies can be involved in industries such as solar energy, wind energy, geothermal, plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEV), organic foods, water, carbon trading, waste-to-energy, smart grid, hydrogen fuel cells, cannabis, regenerative farming, responsible banking, and psychedelic medicines. History The term "green chip stocks", which refers to the publicly traded companies in the green market has been accredited to Jeff Siegel, who first used the term in 2004. See also * Chip * Blue chip * Red chip * P chip * S chip * Purple chip {{Unreferenced, date=May 2019, bot=noref (GreenC bot) Purple chip stock is a kind of stock in Hong Kong which is both blue chip ( Hang Seng Index co ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Red Chip
Red chip stocks () are the stocks of mainland China companies incorporated outside mainland China and listed in Hong Kong. It refers to businesses based in mainland China and with (majority) shares controlled either directly or indirectly by a government body. This controlling entity could be one or more combinations of the central, provincial or municipal mainland government, with the company listed in Hong Kong to allow private and overseas investment. The term was coined by Hong Kong economist Alex Tang in 1992 and combines blue chip stocks with "red" representing the Socialist economic philosophy of the People's Republic of China. Stock index of red chips The Hang Seng China-Affiliated Corporations Index (HSCCI) is a stock market index of 25 red chip companies. List of red chip companies , there were 267 red chip companies, including: * APT Satellite Holdings * China Aerospace International Holdings * China Development Bank International Investment * China Energin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Blue Chip (stock Market)
A blue chip is stock in a '' stock corporation'' (contrasted with non-stock one) with a national reputation for quality, reliability, and the ability to operate profitably in good and bad times. Origin As befits the sometimes high-risk nature of stock picking, the term "blue chip" derives from the card game poker. The simplest sets of poker chips include white, red, and blue chips, with American tradition dictating that the blues are highest in value. In the United States, blue chips were traditionally used for higher values such that "blue chip" used in noun and adjectival senses are attested since 1873 and 1894, respectively. This established connotation was first extended to the sense of a blue-chip stock in the 1920s. According to Dow Jones company folklore, this sense extension was coined by Oliver Gingold (an early employee of the company that would become Dow Jones) sometime in the 1920s, when Gingold was standing by the stock ticker at the brokerage firm that later be ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
B Share (mainland China)
B shares (, officially Domestically Listed Foreign Investment Shares) on the Shanghai and Shenzhen stock exchanges refers to those that are traded in foreign currencies. Shares that are traded on the two mainland Chinese stock exchanges in Renminbi, the currency in mainland China, are called A shares. History B shares were limited to foreign investment until 19 February 2001, when the China Securities Regulatory Commission began permitting the exchange of B shares via the secondary market to domestic citizens. This was widely seen as a landmark event to the integration of Chinese stock markets. Currency The face values of B shares are set in Renminbi. In Shanghai, B shares are traded in US dollars, whereas in Shenzhen they are traded in Hong Kong dollars. See also *Chip * A share * H share * Red chip * P chip * S chip * N share * L share * G share G, or g, is the seventh letter in the Latin alphabet, used in the modern English alphabet, the alphabets of other western Eu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
A Share (mainland China)
A shares (), also known as domestic shares () are shares that are denominated in Renminbi and traded in the Shanghai and Shenzhen stock exchanges, as well as the National Equities Exchange and Quotations. These are in contrast to B shares that are denominated in foreign currency and traded in Shanghai and Shenzhen, as well as H shares, that are denominated in Hong Kong dollars and traded in the Stock Exchange of Hong Kong. See also *Chip * Red chip * P chip * S chip * N share * L share * G share G, or g, is the seventh letter in the Latin alphabet, used in the modern English alphabet, the alphabets of other western European languages and others worldwide. Its name in English is ''gee'' (pronounced ), plural ''gees''. History Th ... * China Concepts Stock References Finance in China Stock market terminology {{Stockexchange-stub de:Aktienart (China)#A-Aktie .28A-Share.29 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
