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Păcală
Păcală (Romanian, from ''a păcăli'', "to dupe"; sometimes rendered Pâcală or Pîcală) is a fictional character in Romanian folklore, literature and humor. An irreverent young man, seemingly a peasant, he reserves contempt and irony for the village authorities (whether priest, boyar or judge), but often plays the fool. Several derivative works codify the various versions of ''Păcală'' anecdotes. Examples include: ''Pâcală'', by Ion Creangă; ''Păcală în satul lui'' ("Păcală in His Village") by Ioan Slavici; ''Isprăvile lui Păcală'' ("Păcală's Achievements") by Petre Dulfu; and ''Întâmplările lui Păcală'' ("The Adventures of Păcală"), part of ''Legende sau basmele românilor''. ''Păcală'' legends also served to inspire other creations, from the eponymous satirical magazine put out by Pantazi Ghica in the 1860s to Constantin S. Nicolăescu-Plopșor's 1960s sequel ''Tivisoc şi Tivismoc'' ("Tivisoc and Tivismoc"). He is the main protagonist in two R ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Petre Dulfu
Petre Dulfu (10 March 1856 – 31 October 1953) was an Austrian Empire, Imperial Austrian-born Romanian poet, translator and playwright. Born in Tohat, Maramureș County, his parents were Nichifor Dulfu and his wife Agapia (''née'' Bran), members of the rural intellectual class. From early childhood, his mother inspired a love of stories in him. He attended Hungarian-language primary school and gymnasium in Baia Mare from 1864 to 1871, earning top marks, and went to high school in the same town from 1872. In 1876, he graduated from high school in Cluj, where he studied for two years. He attended Franz Joseph University in the latter city, earning a doctorate in philosophy in 1881. His thesis, written in Hungarian, dealt with the work of Vasile Alecsandri, surveyed the Romanian literary context and included a dozen poems translated by Dulfu. After graduation, he moved to the Romanian Old Kingdom and worked as a teacher. After a brief stint in the capital Bucharest, he directed an ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pantazi Ghica
Pantazi Ghica (; also known under the pen names Tapazin, G. Pantazi, and Ghaki; 15 March 1831 – 17 July 1882) was a Wallachian, later Romanian politician and lawyer, also known as a dramatist, poet, short story writer, and literary critic. A prominent representative of the liberal current, he was the younger brother and lifelong collaborator of Ion Ghica, who served as Prime Minister of the Romanian Kingdom in 1866-1867 and again in 1870-1871. Pantazi Ghica began his political career as a participant in the Wallachian Revolution of 1848, a collaborator of the Romantic historian and activist Nicolae Bălcescu, and a member of the radical grouping headed by C. A. Rosetti. Although twice involved in the administration of Buzău County, Ghica lived much of his life in exile or in Bucharest, and was also a soldier for the Ottoman Empire during the Crimean War. After 1875, he was a prominent member of the National Liberal Party. Generally seen as a mediocre writer, he was foremost ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sandu Florea
Sandu Florea (; born 28 June 1946) is a Romanian-American comic book and comic strip creator, also known as an inker and book illustrator. A trained architect and a presence on the science fiction scene during the 1970s, he became a professional in the comics genre with albums such as ''Galbar'', and was allegedly the only artist to have obtained a steady income in this way during the communist period. A prolific contributor to Romanian children's magazines, Florea had his activity curbed by communist censorship when he first publicized his intention of emigrating to the United States. He eventually left the country shortly after the 1989 Revolution, and soon after began collaborating with Marvel, DC Comics and other leading enterprises in the field of comic book publishing. He became especially noted for his activities as an inker, with contributions on series such as '' Buffy the Vampire Slayer'', '' The Executioner'', '' X-Men: The End'', '' Batman R.I.P.'' and '' Batman: B ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Romanian Humor
Romanian humour, like many other Romanian cultural aspects, has many affinities with four other groups: the Latins (namely the French and Italians), the Balkan people (Greeks, the Slavs, and Turks), the Germans and the Hungarians. Characters The earliest Romanian character found in anecdotes is Păcală. His name is derived from ''a (se) păcăli'' ('to fool oneself/somebody') and, since this word cannot be found in any other related language, we can safely assume that his name is part of the pure Romanian humour. The Ottoman influence brought the Balkan spirit and with it, other characters and situations. Anton Pann's character, Nastratin Hogea, is a classic example of an urban tradesman. As Jewish people settled in many Romanian regions, two other characters joined Romanian humour: ''Iţic'' and ''Ştrul'', a pair of cunning Jews, mainly seen as ingenious, but avaricious shopkeepers. With modernization and urbanization, especially during the Communist regime, Romanians ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ioan Slavici
Ioan Slavici (; 18 January 1848 – 17 August 1925) was a Romanian writer and journalist from Hungary, later from Romania. He made his debut in ''Convorbiri literare'' ("Literary Conversations") (1871), with the comedy ''Fata de birău'' ("The Mayor's Daughter"). Alongside Mihai Eminescu he founded the Young Romania Social and Literary Academic Society and organized, in 1871, the Putna Celebration of the Romanian Students from Romania and from abroad. At the end of 1874, he settled in Bucharest, where he became secretary of the Hurmuzachi Collection Committee, then he became a professor, and then an editor of the newspaper ''Timpul'' ("The Time"). Alongside Ion Luca Caragiale and George Coșbuc, he edited the ''Vatra'' ("The Hearth") magazine. During World War I, he collaborated at the newspapers ''Ziua'' ("The Day") and ''Gazeta Bucureștilor'' ("The Bucharest Gazette"). He was awarded the Romanian Academy Award (1903). Early life Slavici was born in the village of Világos ( ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Legende Sau Basmele Românilor
''Legende sau basmele românilor'' ("Legends or Romanian Fairy-tales") is a collection, in several volumes, of Romanian folktales, first published in 1872 by Petre Ispirescu. Contents (note: these are some of the tales) *''Tinerețe fără de bătrânețe și viață fără de moarte'' (" Youth Without Aging and Life Without Death") *'' Ileana Sânziana'' *''Broasca țestoasă cea fermecată'' ("The Enchanted Turtle") *''Aleodor Împărat'' ("Emperor Aleodor") *''Porcul cel fermecat'' (" The Enchanted Pig") *''Înșiră-te mărgăritari'' (" Pearls, Thread Yourselves") *''Lupul cel năzdrăvan și Făt-Frumos'' ("The Egregious Wolf and Făt-Frumos") *''Prâslea cel voinic și merele de aur'' ("Prâslea the Brave and the Golden Apples") *''Voinicul cel cu cartea în mână născut'' ("The Hale Born with A Book in His Hands") *''Făt-Frumos cu părul de aur'' (" Făt-Frumos with the Golden Hair") *''Zâna munților'' (" Zâna of the Mountains") *''Balaurul cel cu șapte capete'' ("T ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Romanian Humour
Romanian humour, like many other Romanian cultural aspects, has many affinities with four other groups: the Latins (namely the French and Italians), the Balkan people (Greeks, the Slavs, and Turks), the Germans and the Hungarians. Characters The earliest Romanian character found in anecdotes is Păcală. His name is derived from ''a (se) păcăli'' ('to fool oneself/somebody') and, since this word cannot be found in any other related language, we can safely assume that his name is part of the pure Romanian humour. The Ottoman influence brought the Balkan spirit and with it, other characters and situations. Anton Pann's character, Nastratin Hogea, is a classic example of an urban tradesman. As Jewish people settled in many Romanian regions, two other characters joined Romanian humour: ''Iţic'' and ''Ştrul'', a pair of cunning Jews, mainly seen as ingenious, but avaricious shopkeepers. With modernization and urbanization, especially during the Communist regime, Romanians ne ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cinema Of Romania
The cinema of Romania is the art of motion-picture making within the nation of Romania or by Romanian filmmakers abroad. It has been home to many internationally acclaimed films and directors. As with much of the world's early cinema, the ravages of time have left their mark upon Romanian film prints. Tens of titles have been destroyed or lost for good. From these films, only memories, articles and photos published in the newspapers of the time have remained. Since 1965 ''Arhiva Națională de Filme'' (ANF; The National Film Archive) has made serious efforts to reconstruct the obscure history of the beginnings of Romanian cinema, in parallel with the publication of memoirs and private research undertaken by great lovers of cinema, such as film critics Ion Cantacuzino and Tudor Caranfil, together with the directors Jean Mihail and Jean Georgescu. Romanian films have won best short film at Cannes in 2004 and 2008, with ''Trafic'' by Cătălin Mitulescu, and ' by . Romanian c ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Romanian Folklore
The folklore of Romania is the collection of traditions of the Romanians. A feature of Romanian culture is the special relationship between folklore and the learned culture, determined by two factors. First, the rural character of the Romanian communities resulted in an exceptionally vital and creative traditional culture. Folk creations (the best known is the ballad Miorița) were the main literary genre until the 18th century. They were both a source of inspiration for cultivated creators and a structural model. Second, for a long time learned culture was governed by official and social commands and developed around courts of princes and boyars, as well as in monasteries. Overview Creation of the world Stories suggest God made the earth with the help of animals, while the Devil was trying to thwart his plans.Cosma, Aurel. ''Cosmogonia poporului român'' (The Cosmogony of the Romanian People) (1942). Bucharest: Tipografia Ziarului "Universul".Leeming, David Adams. ''Creation ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Romanian Mythology
The folklore of Romania is the collection of traditions of the Romanians. A feature of Romanian culture is the special relationship between folklore and the learned culture, determined by two factors. First, the rural character of the Romanian communities resulted in an exceptionally vital and creative traditional culture. Folk creations (the best known is the ballad Miorița) were the main literary genre until the 18th century. They were both a source of inspiration for cultivated creators and a structural model. Second, for a long time learned culture was governed by official and social commands and developed around courts of princes and boyars, as well as in monasteries. Overview Creation of the world Stories suggest God made the earth with the help of animals, while the Devil was trying to thwart his plans.Cosma, Aurel. ''Cosmogonia poporului român'' (The Cosmogony of the Romanian People) (1942). Bucharest: Tipografia Ziarului "Universul".Leeming, David Adams. ''Creation ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ion Creangă
Ion Creangă (; also known as Nică al lui Ștefan a Petrei, Ion Torcălău and Ioan Ștefănescu; March 1, 1837 – December 31, 1889) was a Moldavian, later Romanian writer, raconteur and schoolteacher. A main figure in 19th-century Romanian literature, he is best known for his '' Childhood Memories'' volume, his novellas and short stories, and his many anecdotes. Creangă's main contribution to fantasy and children's literature includes narratives structured around eponymous protagonists ("Harap Alb", " Ivan Turbincă", " Dănilă Prepeleac", " Stan Pățitul"), as well as fairy tales indebted to conventional forms (" The Story of the Pig", "The Goat and Her Three Kids", " The Mother with Three Daughters-in-Law", " The Old Man's Daughter and the Old Woman's Daughter"). Widely seen as masterpieces of the Romanian language and local humor, his writings occupy the middle ground between a collection of folkloric sources and an original contribution to a literary realism of r ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Literary Characters
Literature is any collection of written work, but it is also used more narrowly for writings specifically considered to be an art form, especially prose fiction, drama, and poetry. In recent centuries, the definition has expanded to include oral literature, much of which has been transcribed. Literature is a method of recording, preserving, and transmitting knowledge and entertainment, and can also have a social, psychological, spiritual, or political role. Literature, as an art form, can also include works in various non-fiction genres, such as biography, diaries, memoir, letters, and the essay. Within its broad definition, literature includes non-fictional books, articles or other printed information on a particular subject.''OED'' Etymologically, the term derives from Latin ''literatura/litteratura'' "learning, a writing, grammar," originally "writing formed with letters," from ''litera/littera'' "letter". In spite of this, the term has also been applied to spoken or sun ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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