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Pyroxasulfone
Pyroxasulfone is a Herbicide#Timing_of_application, pre-emergence herbicide that inhibits the production of very long chain fatty acids in plants. The structure of the existing herbicide thiobencarb served as the basis for development but pyroxasulfone requires a lower dose (100–25 g/ha) and is more stable resulting in longer efficacy. it had been registered for use in Japan, Australia, USA, Canada, Saudi Arabia and South Africa and was used on crops including maize, soybean, wheat and cotton. In 2015 it was applied to over 6 million hectares of land. Pyroxasulfone is from a novel chemical class but has a similar mode of action to acetamide herbicides such as metolachlor, acetochlor and dimethenamid. It is mainly used to control annual grasses but is also effective against broadleaf weeds including lambsquarters (''Chenopodium berlandieri''), pigweed and waterhemp (both ''Amaranthus'' species) and black nightshade (''Solanum nigrum'') References Further reading * *{{c ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Very Long Chain Fatty Acids
A very-long-chain fatty acid (VLCFA) is a fatty acid with 22 or more carbons. Their biosynthesis occurs in the endoplasmic reticulum. VLCFA's can represent up to a few percent of the total fatty acid content of a cell. Unlike most fatty acids, VLCFAs are too long to be metabolized in the mitochondria, in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) in plants and must be metabolized in peroxisomes. Certain peroxisomal disorders, such as adrenoleukodystrophy and Zellweger syndrome, can be associated with an accumulation of VLCFAs. Enzymes that produce VLCFAs are the targets of herbicides including pyroxasulfone. Major VLCFAs Some of the more common saturated VLCFAs: lignoceric acid (C24), cerotic acid (C26), montanic acid (C28), melissic acid (C30), lacceroic acid (C32), ghedoic acid (C34), and the odd-chain fatty acid ceroplastic acid (C35). Several monounsaturated VLCFAs are also known: nervonic acid (Δ15-24:1), ximenic acid (Δ17-26:1), and lumequeic acid (Δ21-30:1). See also * ACADVL ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Herbicide
Herbicides (, ), also commonly known as weedkillers, are substances used to control undesired plants, also known as weeds.EPA. February 201Pesticides Industry. Sales and Usage 2006 and 2007: Market Estimates. Summary in press releasMain page for EPA reports on pesticide use ihere Selective herbicides control specific weed species, while leaving the desired crop relatively unharmed, while non-selective herbicides (sometimes called total weedkillers in commercial products) can be used to clear waste ground, industrial and construction sites, railways and railway embankments as they kill all plant material with which they come into contact. Apart from selective/non-selective, other important distinctions include ''persistence'' (also known as ''residual action'': how long the product stays in place and remains active), ''means of uptake'' (whether it is absorbed by above-ground foliage only, through the roots, or by other means), and ''mechanism of action'' (how it works). Historica ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Herbicide
Herbicides (, ), also commonly known as weedkillers, are substances used to control undesired plants, also known as weeds.EPA. February 201Pesticides Industry. Sales and Usage 2006 and 2007: Market Estimates. Summary in press releasMain page for EPA reports on pesticide use ihere Selective herbicides control specific weed species, while leaving the desired crop relatively unharmed, while non-selective herbicides (sometimes called total weedkillers in commercial products) can be used to clear waste ground, industrial and construction sites, railways and railway embankments as they kill all plant material with which they come into contact. Apart from selective/non-selective, other important distinctions include ''persistence'' (also known as ''residual action'': how long the product stays in place and remains active), ''means of uptake'' (whether it is absorbed by above-ground foliage only, through the roots, or by other means), and ''mechanism of action'' (how it works). Historica ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Thiobencarb
Benthiocarb is a thiocarbamate cholinesterase inhibitor used as an herbicide Herbicides (, ), also commonly known as weedkillers, are substances used to control undesired plants, also known as weeds.EPA. February 201Pesticides Industry. Sales and Usage 2006 and 2007: Market Estimates. Summary in press releasMain page fo .... Benthiocarb is almost always used to control the weeds around rice crops, but its effectiveness is not specific to just rice crops. The benthiocarb molecule is an organic molecule containing a phenol bonded to a chlorine atom. See also * Thiocarbamate References External linksHazardous Substances Data Bank (source of data) Herbicides Thiocarbamates Chloroarenes {{med-toxic-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Acetamide
Acetamide (systematic name: ethanamide) is an organic compound with the formula CH3CONH2. It is the simplest amide derived from acetic acid. It finds some use as a plasticizer and as an industrial solvent. The related compound ''N'',''N''-dimethylacetamide (DMA) is more widely used, but it is not prepared from acetamide. Acetamide can be considered an intermediate between acetone, which has two methyl (CH3) groups either side of the carbonyl (CO), and urea which has two amide (NH2) groups in those locations. Acetamide is also a naturally occurring mineral with the IMA symbol: Ace. Production Laboratory scale Acetamide can be produced in the laboratory from ammonium acetate by dehydration: : H4CH3CO2] → CH3C(O)NH2 + H2O Alternatively acetamide can be obtained in excellent yield via ammonolysis of acetylacetone under conditions commonly used in reductive amination. It can also be made from anhydrous acetic acid, acetonitrile and very well dried hydrogen chloride gas, using ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Metolachlor
Metolachlor is an organic compound that is widely used as an herbicide. It is a derivative of aniline and is a member of the chloroacetanilide family of herbicides. It is highly effective toward grasses. Agricultural use Metolachlor was developed by Ciba-Geigy. Its acts by inhibition of elongases and of the geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate (GGPP) cyclases, which are part of the gibberellin pathway. It is used for grass and broadleaf weed control in corn, soybean, peanuts, sorghum, and cotton. It is also used in combination with other herbicides. Metolachlor is a popular herbicide in the United States. As originally formulated metolachlor was applied as a racemate, a 1:1 mixture of the (''S'')- and (''R'')-stereoisomers. The (''R'')-enantiomer is less active, and modern production methods afford a higher concentration of S-metolachlor, thus current application rates are far lower than original formulations. Production and basic structure Metolachlor is produced from 2-ethyl-6-m ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Acetochlor
Acetochlor is an herbicide developed by Monsanto Company and Zeneca. It is a member of the class of herbicides known as chloroacetanilides. Its mode of action is elongase inhibition, and inhibition of geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate (GGPP) cyclization enzymes, part of the gibberellin pathway. It carries high risks of environmental contamination. Uses In the United States, acetochlor was registered by the EPA as a direct substitute for many herbicides of known concern. The EPA imposed several restrictions and conditions on the use of acetochlor. It is approved for pre-emergence application or for pre-planting application with soil incorporation, in corn. (maize) at 5 litres / hectare (1835g / hectare of a.i.) It is the main active ingredient in Acenit, Keystone, Guardian, Harness, Relay, Sacemid, Surpass, Top-Hand, Trophy and Winner. It is used to control weeds in corn, and is particularly useful as a replacement for atrazine in the case of some important weeds. Safety Acetochlor ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dimethenamid
Dimethenamid is a widely used herbicide. In 2001, about of dimethenamid were used in the United States. Dimethenamid is registered for control of annual grasses, certain annual broadleaf weeds and sedges in field corn, seed corn, popcorn and soybeans. Supplemental labeling also allows use on sweet corn, grain sorghum, dry beans and peanuts. In registering dimethinamide (SAN 582H/Frontier), EPA concluded that the primary means of dissipation of dimethenamid applied to the soil surface is photolysis Photodissociation, photolysis, photodecomposition, or photofragmentation is a chemical reaction in which molecules of a chemical compound are broken down by photons. It is defined as the interaction of one or more photons with one target molecule. ..., whereas below the surface loss was due largely to microbial metabolism. The herbicide was found to undergo anaerobic microbial degradation under denitrifying, iron-reducing, sulfate-reducing, or methanogenic conditions. In that stud ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lambsquarters
Lamb's quarter, lambsquarters, and similar terms refer to any of various edible species of herbaceous plants otherwise known by the common names goosefoot or pigweed. There are numerous variations, with or without hyphens and apostrophes, using one word or two, and singular or plural. As a rule, the British English spelling uses two terms with or without hyphen though usually with an apostrophe, while the American English spelling uses one word. * In Europe, the term usually refers to ''Chenopodium album'' (white goosefoot). * In North America, the term usually refers to ''Chenopodium berlandieri'' (pitseed goosefoot). The name "lambsquarters" is thought to derive from the name of the English harvest festival Lammas, Lammas quarter. This festival was associated both with sacrificial lambs and with the vegetable ''Chenopodium album''.http://wssa.net/wp-content/themes/WSSA/WorldOfWeeds/lambsquarters.html References {{Plant common name ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pigweed
{{Plant common name ...
Pigweed can mean any of a number of weedy plants which may be used as pig fodder: * ''Amaranthus'' species ** '' Amaranthus albus'', white pigweed, tumble pigweed ** ''Amaranthus blitoides'', prostrate pigweed ** ''Amaranthus californicus'', California pigweed ** ''Amaranthus fimbriatus'', fringed pigweed ** ''Amaranthus hybridus'', smooth pigweed ** '' Amaranthus palmeri'', the 'pigweed' resistant to glyphosate in the US Southeast ** ''Amaranthus retroflexus'', redroot pigweed * ''Chenopodium album'' white goosefoot * ''Polygonum aviculare'' * ''Portulaca'' species See also *Hogweed Hogweed is a common name for several unrelated plants. Hogweed may refer to: * '' Heracleum'', a genus in the carrot family containing several plants often called hogweed, including: ** ''Heracleum sphondylium'', the common hogweed ** ''Heracleu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Waterhemp
Water-hemp or waterhemp is a common name for several plants and may refer: In the genus '' Amaranthus'': *''Amaranthus australis ''Amaranthus australis'' is also known as southern amaranth or southern water-hemp. The plant usually grows from in height, though some have been known to grow up to high. The stems can be up to 30 cm in diameter. It is a herbaceous annual ...'' - southern water-hemp *'' Amaranthus cannabinus'' - salt-marsh water-hemp, tidal marsh water-hemp or water-hemp pigweed *'' Amaranthus floridanus'' - Florida water-hemp *'' Amaranthus tuberculatus'' - rough-fruit water-hemp or tall water-hemp In other genera: *'' Ayapana triplinervis'' {{Plant common name ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Black Nightshade
Black nightshade is a common name for several plants and may refer to: * '' Solanum americanum'' (American black nightshade) of much of North America * ''Solanum nigrum'' (European black nightshade) of Europe * '' Solanum ptychanthum'' (Eastern black nightshade) of the Caribbean The Caribbean (, ) ( es, El Caribe; french: la Caraïbe; ht, Karayib; nl, De Caraïben) is a region of the Americas that consists of the Caribbean Sea, its islands (some surrounded by the Caribbean Sea and some bordering both the Caribbean ... region Image:Starr_010520-0074_Solanum_americanum.jpg, ''Solanum americanum'' Image:Solanum nigrum leafs flowers fruits.jpg, ''Solanum nigrum'' {{Plant common name ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
