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Punchiná Dam
The Punchiná Dam is an embankment dam on the Guatapé River east of San Carlos in Antioquia Department, Colombia. The dam creates Punchiná Reservoir which is part of the San Carlos Hydroelectric Power Plant. The power plant was completed in two stages, the first was completed in 1984 and the second in 1987. It is the largest power station in Colombia. Background The project was initiated by Interconexion Electrica S.A. in 1973 and appraised in 1978. In May 1978, a World Bank loan was approved to help fund the dam and both stages of the power plant. Construction began in 1979, the dam was completed in 1983 and the last generator of stage one was operational in 1984. Stage two's final generator was operational in December 1987. The commissioning of stage two was originally slated for 1984 and stage one for 1983 but was delayed due to financial problems and redesigns. The total cost of stage one was US$443.7 million and stage two US$166.3 million. Design and operation The Pun ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
San Carlos, Antioquia
San Carlos is a town and municipality in the Colombian department of Antioquia, part of the subregion of Eastern Antioquia. It is called the hydro-electrical capital of Colombia, because it has many dams and it produces much energy. The population was 14,480 at the 2018 census. History The site of the town was discovered by Captain Francisco Nuñez Pedroso. The town was founded on 14 August 1786. Geography The municipal area is 702 km². It has three ''corregimientos'', El Jordán, Puerto Garzas and Samaná del Norte. San Carlos is three hours away from the departmental capital, Medellín. The two are linked by a road. Economy *Tourism - one of the more important economic enterprises for the municipality *Energy production with dams *Wood exploitation Sites of interest *Dams such as the Punchiná Dam *Waterfalls - an ecological path about 20 minutes from the central park has two beautiful waterfalls, the river making natural pools *Landscape *Fishing Fishing is the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Surge Tank
A Surge tank is a water storage device used as a pressure neutralizer in hydropower water conveyance systems in order to dampen excess pressure variance. A surge tank (or surge drum or surge pool) is a standpipe or storage reservoir at the downstream end of a closed aqueduct, feeder, dam, barrage pipe to absorb sudden rises of pressure, as well as to quickly provide extra water during a brief drop in pressure. In mining technology, ore pulp pumps use a relatively small surge tank to maintain a steady loading on the pump. For hydroelectric power uses, a surge tank is an additional storage space or reservoir fitted between the main storage reservoir and the power house (as close to the power house as possible). Surge tanks are usually provided in high or medium-head plants when there is a considerable distance between the water source and the power unit, necessitating a long penstock. The main functions of the surge tank are: 1. When the load decreases, the water moves backwards ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dams In Colombia
A dam is a barrier that stops or restricts the flow of surface water or underground streams. Reservoirs created by dams not only suppress floods but also provide water for activities such as irrigation, human consumption, industrial use, aquaculture, and navigability. Hydropower is often used in conjunction with dams to generate electricity. A dam can also be used to collect or store water which can be evenly distributed between locations. Dams generally serve the primary purpose of retaining water, while other structures such as floodgates or levees (also known as dikes) are used to manage or prevent water flow into specific land regions. The earliest known dam is the Jawa Dam in Jordan, dating to 3,000 BC. The word ''dam'' can be traced back to Middle English, and before that, from Middle Dutch, as seen in the names of many old cities, such as Amsterdam and Rotterdam. History Ancient dams Early dam building took place in Mesopotamia and the Middle East. Dams were used ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dams Completed In 1984
A dam is a barrier that stops or restricts the flow of surface water or underground streams. Reservoirs created by dams not only suppress floods but also provide water for activities such as irrigation, human consumption, industrial use, aquaculture, and navigability. Hydropower is often used in conjunction with dams to generate electricity. A dam can also be used to collect or store water which can be evenly distributed between locations. Dams generally serve the primary purpose of retaining water, while other structures such as floodgates or levees (also known as dikes) are used to manage or prevent water flow into specific land regions. The earliest known dam is the Jawa Dam in Jordan, dating to 3,000 BC. The word ''dam'' can be traced back to Middle English, and before that, from Middle Dutch, as seen in the names of many old cities, such as Amsterdam and Rotterdam. History Ancient dams Early dam building took place in Mesopotamia and the Middle East. Dams were used ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of Power Stations In Colombia ...
This article contains a list of power stations in Colombia. Hydroelectric power accounts for 70 percent of Colombia's generating capacity. Coal http://www.industcards.com/st-coal-colombia.htm In service Gas Termobarranquilla S.A. (E.S.P) TEBSA , , 918 MW , , https://tebsa.com.co/somos-tebsa/ https://web.archive.org/web/20140413193146/http://www.industcards.com/cc-colombia.htm Hydroelectric In service Proposed or Under Construction See also * List of power stations in South America * List of largest power stations in the world References {{Power stations Colombia * Power stations A power station, also referred to as a power plant and sometimes generating station or generating plant, is an industrial facility for the generation of electric power. Power stations are generally connected to an electrical grid. Many pow ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Samaná Norte River
The Samaná Norte is a river in Antioquia Department, Colombia and a tributary of the Magdalena River The Magdalena River ( es, Río Magdalena, ; less commonly ) is the main river of Colombia, flowing northward about through the western half of the country. It takes its name from the biblical figure Mary Magdalene. It is navigable through much of .... References Rivers of Colombia Geography of Antioquia Department {{Colombia-river-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Transformer
A transformer is a passive component that transfers electrical energy from one electrical circuit to another circuit, or multiple circuits. A varying current in any coil of the transformer produces a varying magnetic flux in the transformer's core, which induces a varying electromotive force (EMF) across any other coils wound around the same core. Electrical energy can be transferred between separate coils without a metallic (conductive) connection between the two circuits. Faraday's law of induction, discovered in 1831, describes the induced voltage effect in any coil due to a changing magnetic flux encircled by the coil. Transformers are used to change AC voltage levels, such transformers being termed step-up or step-down type to increase or decrease voltage level, respectively. Transformers can also be used to provide galvanic isolation between circuits as well as to couple stages of signal-processing circuits. Since the invention of the first constant-potential transfo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Underground Power House
An underground power station is a type of hydroelectric power station constructed by excavating the major components (e.g. machine hall, penstocks, and tailrace) from rock, rather than the more common surface-based construction methods. One or more conditions impact whether a power station is constructed underground. The terrain or geology around a dam is taken into consideration, as gorges or steep valleys may not accommodate a surface power station. A power station within bedrock may be less expensive to construct than a surface power station on loose soil. Avalanche-prone valleys often make a surface station unfeasible as well. After World War II, large hydroelectric power stations were placed underground more often in order to protect them from airstrikes. Often underground power stations form part of pumped storage hydroelectricity schemes, whose basic function is to level load: they use cheap or surplus off-peak power to pump water from a lower lake to an upper lake. During p ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Water Hammer
Hydraulic shock (colloquial: water hammer; fluid hammer) is a pressure surge or wave caused when a fluid in motion, usually a liquid but sometimes also a gas is forced to stop or change direction suddenly; a momentum change. This phenomenon commonly occurs when a valve closes suddenly at an end of a pipeline system, and a pressure wave propagates in the pipe. This pressure wave can cause major problems, from noise and vibration to pipe rupture or collapse. It is possible to reduce the effects of the water hammer pulses with accumulators, expansion tanks, surge tanks, blowoff valves, and other features. The effects can be avoided by ensuring that no valves will close too quickly with significant flow, but there are many situations that can cause the effect. Rough calculations can be made using the Zhukovsky (Joukowsky) equation, or more accurate ones using the method of characteristics. History In the 1st century B.C., Marcus Vitruvius Pollio described the effect of water ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Intake Tower
An intake tower or outlet tower is a vertical tubular structure with one or more openings used for capturing water from reservoirs and conveying it further to a hydroelectric or water-treatment plant. Unlike spillways, intake towers are intended for the reservoir's regular operation, conveying clean, debris-free water for further use. Construction An intake tower is typically made from reinforced concrete, with foundations laid in the river or lake bed. It has at least one water-collecting opening at the top, and may have additional openings along its height, depending on the purpose: towers for hydroelectric plants typically have only one inlet, while those in water-processing plants have multiple draw-off inlets. Near the bottom of the tower, depending on the dam construction and plant location, a horizontal or slanted outlet conduit takes the water from the tower into the plant. The most convenient location for an intake tower is in the proximity of the processing plant. In ar ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
