|
Pukatja
Pukatja (formerly Ernabella) is an Aboriginal community in the Anangu Pitjantjatjara Yankunytjatjara Lands in South Australia, comprising one of the six main communities on "The Lands" (the others being Amata, Pipalyatjara, Fregon/Kaltjiti, Indulkana and Mimili). Established as a Presbyterian mission in 1937 with enlightened practices which maintained the Pitjantjatjara language at the school and church services, Ernabella was handed over to the community in 1974 and was later named Pukatja. Ernabella Arts is Australia's oldest continuously running Indigenous art centre. Geography Pukatja is in the eastern Musgrave Ranges, west of the Stuart Highway, about south of the Northern Territory border, about south-west of Alice Springs and north of Umuwa, the major administrative centre within the APY Lands. It is about by road from Adelaide. The community sits at an elevation of about . The area is prone to earthquakes, one of few areas of Australia to have experienced mu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Anangu Pitjantjatjara Yankunytjatjara
Aṉangu Pitjantjatjara Yankunytjatjara, also known as APY, APY Lands or ''the Lands'', is a large, sparsely-populated local government area (LGA) for Aboriginal people, located in the remote north west of South Australia. Some of the aṉangu (people) of the Western Desert cultural bloc, in particular Pitjantjatjara, Yankunytjatjara and Ngaanyatjarra peoples, inhabit the Lands. Governance of the area is determined by the '' Anangu Pitjantjatjara Yankunytjatjara Land Rights Act 1981'' (or APYLRA), whereby an elected executive board reports to the Premier of South Australia. The APY administration centre of is located at Umuwa. A large portion of the APY Lands was formerly the North-West Aboriginal Reserve. History Early history The Pitjantjatjara and Yankunytjatjara people (''aṉangu'') had lived in this area for many thousands of years. Even after the British began to colonise the Australian continent from 1788 onwards, and the colonisation of South Australia from 1836, t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kaltjiti, South Australia
Kaltjiti, formerly and also still known as Fregon, is an Aboriginal community in Anangu Pitjantjatjara Yankunytjatjara (APY lands) in South Australia, comprising one of the six main communities on "The Lands" (the others being Amata, Ernabella/Pukatja, Pipalyatjara, Indulkana and Mimili). Geography Kaltjiti () is situated approximately south of the Musgrave Ranges and lies west of the Everard Ranges. Kaltjiti is also situated approximately from the Stuart Highway. Kaltjiti lies directly south of Umuwa and Ernabella/Pukatja. The community straddles the Officer Creek, which in turn flows from South Australia's highest mountain, Mount Woodroffe. The creek is usually a dry sandy bed and only flows at times of very high rainfall. Climate Based on the climate records from Marla, Kaltjiti experiences summer maximum temperatures of an average of in January and a winter maximum average temperature of in June. Overnight lows range from a mean minimum temperature of in January to ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Indulkana, South Australia
Indulkana (also known as Iwantja, from Iwantja Creek) is an Aboriginal community in the Anangu Pitjantjatjara Yankunytjatjara Lands in South Australia, comprising one of the six main communities on "The Lands" (the others being Ernabella/Pukatja, Amata, Fregon/Kaltjiti, Mimili and Pipalyatjara). At the 2016 Australian census, Indulkana had a population of 256. Geography Indulkana (Iwantja) is situated about west of the Stuart Highway and south of Alice Springs. By road it is (approx.11.5 hours) north-west of Adelaide GPO. Climate Based upon the climate records of the nearest weather station at Marla Police Station, Indulkana experiences summer maximum temperatures of an average of 37.1 degrees Celsius in January and a winter maximum average temperature of 19.7 degrees Celsius in June. Overnight lows range from a mean minimum temperature of 21.8 degrees in January to 5.0 degrees in June. Annual rainfall averages 222.6 millimetres. Demographics Pitjantjatjara Yankuny ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Umuwa
Umuwa is an Aboriginal community in Anangu Pitjantjatjara Yankunytjatjara (APY lands) in South Australia, serving as an administrative centre for the six main communities on "The Lands" (the others being Amata, Pipalyatjara, Pukatja/Ernabella, Fregon/Kaltjiti, Indulkana and Mimili), as well as the outlying communities. Geography Umuwa is located approximately north-west of Marla and south-west of Alice Springs. Based upon the climate records of the nearest weather station at Marla Police Station, Umuwa experiences a hot-desert climate ( Köppen: ''BWh'', Trewartha: ''BWhl''), with very hot, relatively dry summers; mild to hot, dry springs and autumns; and mild, dry winters. It experiences summer maximum temperatures of an average of 37.3 degrees Celsius in January and a winter maximum average temperature of 19.6 degrees Celsius in June. Overnight lows range from a mean minimum temperature of 22.0 degrees in January to 4.8 degrees in June. Annual rainfall averages 216.9 m ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Amata, South Australia
Amata, formerly known as Musgrave Park, is an Aboriginal community in the Anangu Pitjantjatjara Yankunytjatjara Lands in South Australia, comprising one of the six main communities on "The Lands" (the others being Ernabella/Pukatja, Fregon/Kaltjiti, Indulkana, Mimili and Pipalyatjara). Amata is part of the Amata – Tjurma electorate. The people of the Tjurma Homelands regard themselves as a separate community. Geography and governance Amata lies about due south of Uluru and south-west of Alice Springs, in the north-west of South Australia, within the Anangu Pitjantjatjara lands. It is located at the western end of the Musgrave Ranges, about south of the border with the Northern Territory. Being above sea level, Amata is also South Australia's highest town. It lies within one of seven electorates within the APY lands, representing the Amata and Tjurma wider communities, which elect the Executive Board of Anangu Pitjantjatjara Yankunytjatjara. Tjurma appears to be or h ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pipalyatjara, South Australia
Pipalyatjara (formerly Mount Davies) is an Aboriginal community in the Anangu Pitjantjatjara Yankunytjatjara Lands in South Australia, comprising one of the six main communities on "The Lands" (the others being Amata, Pukatja, Kaltjiti, Indulkana and Mimili). At the 2016 census, Pipalyatjara had a population of 189. The residents are mainly Anangu who speak Pitjantjatjara as their first language. Geography Pipalyatjara is situated approximately south-west of Alice Springs on the Gunbarrel Highway, an unsealed road. Pipalyatjara is approximately from the junction of the South Australian, Western Australian and Northern Territory borders (known as the Surveyor-General's Corner). The community of Kalka is situated some away (by road, on the north side of the mountain ridge to which Pipalyatjara lies to the south). Both communities are located within the Tomkinson Ranges. Kunytjanu is an outstation and waterhole to the south, serviced from Pipalyatjara. It is located on ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mimili, South Australia
Mimili is an Aboriginal community in the Anangu Pitjantjatjara Yankunytjatjara Lands in South Australia, comprising one of the six main communities on "The Lands" (the others being Amata, Pukatja, Kaltjiti, Indulkana and Pipalyatjara). At the 2016 Australian census, Mimili had a population of 243. After European settlement in the 19th century, there was a cattle station on the land, which was named Everard Park. The station was purchased by the South Australian government in 1972 before transferring it to the traditional owners. Geography Mimili is situated in South Australia, within the APY, about west of the Stuart Highway and south of Alice Springs. History and significance According to the local Pitjantjatjara people, Mimili is the original name. The community grew around the Everard Park cattle station, and is surrounded by the rocky Everard Ranges. The land was handed back to the traditional owners in 1972. The settlement was funded by the federal government as a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pitjantjatjara Dialect
Pitjantjatjara (; or ) is a dialect of the Western Desert language traditionally spoken by the Pitjantjatjara people of Central Australia. It is mutually intelligible with other varieties of the Western Desert language, and is particularly closely related to the Yankunytjatjara dialect. The names for the two groups are based on their respective words for 'come/go.' Pitjantjatjara is a relatively healthy Aboriginal language, with children learning it. It is taught in some Aboriginal schools. The literacy rate for first language speakers is 50–70%; and is 10–15% for second-language learners. There is a Pitjantjatjara dictionary, and the New Testament of the Bible has been translated into the language, a project started at the Ernabella Mission in the early 1940s and completed in 2002. Work continues on the Old Testament. Phonology and orthography There are slightly different standardised spellings used in the Northern Territory and Western Australia compared to South ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pitjantjatjara People
The Pitjantjatjara (; or ) are an Aboriginal people of the Central Australian desert near Uluru. They are closely related to the Yankunytjatjara and Ngaanyatjarra and their languages are, to a large extent, mutually intelligible (all are varieties of the Western Desert language). They refer to themselves as aṉangu (people). The Pitjantjatjara live mostly in the northwest of South Australia, extending across the border into the Northern Territory to just south of Lake Amadeus, and west a short distance into Western Australia. The land is an inseparable and important part of their identity, and every part of it is rich with stories and meaning to aṉangu. They have, for the most part, given up their nomadic hunting and gathering lifestyle but have retained their language and much of their culture in synergy with increasing influences from the broader Australian community. Today there are still about 4,000 aṉangu living scattered in small communities and outstations acros ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pastoral Lease
A pastoral lease, sometimes called a pastoral run, is an arrangement used in both Australia and New Zealand where government-owned Crown land is leased out to graziers for the purpose of livestock grazing on rangelands. Australia Pastoral leases exist in both Australian commonwealth law and state jurisdictions. They do not give all the rights that attach to freehold land: there are usually conditions which include a time period and the type of activity permitted. According to Austrade, such leases cover about 44% of mainland Australia (), mostly in arid and semi-arid regions and the tropical savannahs. They usually allow people to use the land for grazing traditional livestock, but more recently have been also used for non-traditional livestock (such as kangaroos or camels), tourism and other activities. Management of the leases falls mainly to state and territory governments. Under Commonwealth of Australia law, applicable only in the Northern Territory, they are agreements ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
John Flynn (minister)
John Flynn (25 November 18805 May 1951) was an Australian Presbyterian minister who founded the Australian Inland Mission (AIM) which later separated into Frontier Services and the Presbyterian Inland Mission, as well as founding what became the Royal Flying Doctor Service, the world's first air ambulance. Early life Educated at Snake Valley, Sunshine and Braybrook primary schools, he matriculated from University High School in Parkville in Melbourne, aged 18. Unable to finance a university course, he became a pupil-teacher with the Victorian Education Department and developed interests in photography and first aid. In 1903 he began training for the ministry through an extra-mural course for 'student lay pastors', serving meanwhile in pioneering districts of Beech Forest and Buchan. His next four years in theological college were interspersed with two periods on a shearers' mission and the publication of his Bushman's Companion (1910). Ministry Always thinking of the ne ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Presbyterian Church Of Australia
The Presbyterian Church of Australia (PCA) is the largest Presbyterian denomination in Australia. (The larger Uniting Church in Australia incorporated about two-thirds of the PCA in 1977.) History Beginnings When captain James Cook landed in Australia in 1776 he was sure to have had some Presbyterians in his crew. John Hunter the captain of HMS ''Sirius'' was a former Church of Scotland minister. Later Presbyterian Christianity came to Australia with the arrival of members from a number of Presbyterian denominations in Great Britain at the end of the 18th century. The Presbyterian missionaries played an important role to spread the faith in Australia. Since then Presbyterianism grew to the fourth largest Christian faith in the country. The Presbyterian Church of Australia was formed when Presbyterian churches from various Australian states federated in 1901. The churches that formed the Presbyterian Church of Australia were the Presbyterian Churches of New South Wales, V ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
