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Pucara Cerro La Muralla
Pukara (Aymara and Quechuan "fortress", Hispanicized spellings ''pucara, pucará'') is a defensive hilltop site or fortification built by the prehispanic and historic inhabitants of the central Andean area (from Ecuador to central Chile and northwestern Argentina). In some cases, these sites acted as temporary fortified refuges during periods of increased conflict, while other sites show evidence for permanent occupation. Emerging as a major site type during the Late Intermediate Period (c. 1000-1430AD), the pukara form was adopted in some areas by the Inca military in contested borderlands of the Inca Empire. The Spanish also referred to the Mapuche earthen forts built during the Arauco War in the 16th and 17th centuries by this term. Today, the term is commonly found in toponyms of the Andes region, e.g. Andalicán, Pucará de Angol, Camiña, Cañete, Nama, Quiapo, Tilcara, Turi, Pucara del Cerro La Muralla, Pukara of La Compañía, Pukara de Lasana, Pucará de Belén, Puk ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pukara De Quitor
Pukara (Aymara and Quechuan "fortress", Hispanicized spellings ''pucara, pucará'') is a defensive hilltop site or fortification built by the prehispanic and historic inhabitants of the central Andean area (from Ecuador to central Chile and northwestern Argentina). In some cases, these sites acted as temporary fortified refuges during periods of increased conflict, while other sites show evidence for permanent occupation. Emerging as a major site type during the Late Intermediate Period (c. 1000-1430AD), the pukara form was adopted in some areas by the Inca military in contested borderlands of the Inca Empire. The Spanish also referred to the Mapuche earthen forts built during the Arauco War in the 16th and 17th centuries by this term. Today, the term is commonly found in toponyms of the Andes region, e.g. Andalicán, Pucará de Angol, Camiña, Cañete, Nama, Quiapo, Tilcara, Turi, Pucara del Cerro La Muralla, Pukara of La Compañía, Pukara de Lasana, Pucará de Belén, P ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nama (Chile)
Nama or NAMA may refer to: Biology * NAMA (gene), a long non-coding RNA gene * ''Nama'' (plant), a genus of plants in the family Boraginaceae * N-Acetylmuramic acid, a component of bacterial cell walls * North American Mycological Association, a learned society devoted to mushrooms and other fungi Companies * Nama Chemicals, a Saudi Arabian industrial company * Nama (department store), a chain of department stores in Slovenia and a chain of department stores in Croatia Food * Nama beer, Japanese term for draught beer * Nama (wine), used by the Greek Orthodox in the Divine Liturgy Politics * National Asset Management Agency, Irish government agency dealing with land and property development loans * Nationally Appropriate Mitigation Action, policies regarding greenhouse gas emissions * Non-Agricultural Market Access, the question of non-agricultural market access as debated in the WTO trade negotiations Organizations * National Agri-Marketing Association, United States * Nati ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cayambe, Ecuador
Cayambe is an agricultural service city (population 39,028 at the last census on November 28, 2010) in highland Ecuador. It lies at the foot of the Cayambe volcano. While the city is mainly peopled by mestizos, the surrounding rural population is primarily composed of indigenous people who are mainly involved in subsistence agriculture, dairy farming and procurement of lumber. It is the third-largest city in Pichincha Province. History Cayambe's indigenous people of today are descendants of the pre-Inca Kayambi people. The Kayambi were resistant to Inca expansion and were only definitively conquered by Huayna Capac (the eleventh Sapa Inca of the Inca Empire) after a bloody 20-year war. At that time, the Kayambi people adopted the Kichwa language, a dialect of the Quechua family of languages. Not long afterwards, in the 16th century, the first Spanish ''conquistadores'' arrived in the region. Kichwa survives in some of the hamlets today, while in others it has given way to Span ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pambamarca Fortress Complex
The Pambamarca Fortress Complex consists of the ruins of a large number of pukaras (hilltop forts) and other constructions of the Inca Empire. The fortresses were constructed in the late 15th century by the Incas to overcome the opposition of the people of the Cayambe chiefdom to the expansion of the Incas in the Andes highlands of present-day northern Ecuador. The Pambamarca fortresses are located in Cayambe Canton in Pichincha Province about in a straight-line distance northeast of the city of Quito. In 1998, Pambamarca was placed on the tentative List of UNESCO World Heritage Sites. The opponents The Pais Caranqui. In the 15th century, the people of the Andes highlands of Ecuador north of Quito were organized into several chiefdoms, apparently similar in language and culture but competitive with each other and frequently engaged in internecine warfare. The names of the most prominent chiefdoms were the Caranqui, Cayambe, Otavalo, and Cochasquí. Pais Caranqui (Car ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Inca-Caranqui
The Inca-Caranqui archaeological site is located in the village of Caranqui on the southern outskirts of the city of Ibarra, Ecuador. The ruin is located in a fertile valley at an elevation of . The region around Caranqui, extending into the present day country of Colombia, was the northernmost outpost of the Inca Empire and the last to be added to the empire before the Spanish conquest of 1533. The archaeological region is also called the Pais Caranqui (Caranqui country). Background Prior to the arrival of the Incas, the region north of Quito for to near the Colombian border consisted of several small-scale chiefdoms including the Caranqui, Cayambe, Otavalo, and Cochasquí. The names of the first three are preserved in names of 21st century towns and cities and the last is the name given a prominent pre-Incan ruin. Caranqui is the collective name used to describe the chiefdoms, although Caranqui may not have been the most powerful of them. These chiefdoms appear to have been ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Quito
Quito (; qu, Kitu), formally San Francisco de Quito, is the capital and largest city of Ecuador, with an estimated population of 2.8 million in its urban area. It is also the capital of the province of Pichincha. Quito is located in a valley on the eastern slopes of Pichincha, an active stratovolcano in the Andes, at an elevation of , making it the second-highest capital city in the world.Contact Us " TAME. Retrieved on 14 March 2010. Quito is the political and cultural center of Ecuador as the country's major governmental, administrative, and cultural institutions are located within the city. The majority of transnational companies with a presence in Ecuador are headquartered there. It is also one of the country's two major industrial centers—the port city of |
Puka Pukara
Puka Pukara (Quechua ''puka'' red, ''pukara'' fortress, "red fortress",Diccionario Quechua - Español - Quechua, Academía Mayor de la Lengua Quechua, Gobierno Regional Cusco, Cusco 2005 hispanicized spellings ''Pucapucara, Puca Pucara, Puca Pucará'') is a site of military ruins in Peru situated in the Cusco Region, Cusco Province, Cusco District, near Cusco. This fort is made of large walls, terraces, and staircases and was part of defense of Cusco in particular and the Inca Empire in general. The name probably comes from the red color of the rocks at dusk. Puka Pukara is an example of military architecture that also functioned as an administrative center. Location Puka Pukara is located in mid-southern Peru, roughly 4–5 miles (7 kilometers) from Cusco on the road to Pisac and near the Antisuyo, the jungle portion of the former Incan empire. The fort is located on high ground overlooking the Cusco valley and Tambo Machay, creating a beautiful and useful view. When it was ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pukará De Quitor
Pukará de Quitor (also spelled Pucará de Quitor) (Quechua ''pukara'' fortress) is a pre-Columbian archaeological site in northern Chile. This stone fortress is located 3 km northwest of the town of San Pedro de Atacama San Pedro de Atacama is a Chilean town and commune in El Loa Province, Antofagasta Region. It is located east of Antofagasta, some 106 km (60 mi) southeast of Calama and the Chuquicamata copper mine, overlooking the Licancabur volcano. ..., overlooking the valley of the river San Pedro. It was designated a national monument in 1982. References Pukará de Quitor Buildings and structures in Antofagasta Region Tourist attractions in Antofagasta Region National Monuments of Chile Pre-Columbian fortifications in Chile {{Chile-struct-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pucará De Belén
The Pucará culture was an archaeological culture which developed in Qullaw, along the north-western shore of Lake Titicaca. It was characterized by a hierarchy of sites made up several smaller centers and villages scattered throughout the northern basin of the Titicaca, ruled from its nucleus - the town of Pukara (from which the given name derives) with an approximate extension of 6 square kilometers, constituted the first properly urban settlement in the Titicaca basin. Its sphere of influence reached as far north as the Cuzco Valley and as far south as Tiahuanaco. The culture had two phases of development within the Formative Period: the Middle Formative (1400 to 550 BC), and Late Formative (550 BC to 400 AD). The Pukara engaged in agriculture, herding and fishing, domesticating the alpaca and constructing ridges and furrows that allowed agriculture in floodable lands on the shores of Lake Titicaca, which ensured intensive high-altitude agriculture. During that time comple ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lasana
Lasana is a small village located northeast of the city of Calama in the Calama province of Chile's northern Antofagasta Region. It sits along the banks of the Loa River. Pukará de Lasana, (Quechua ''pukara'' fortress), a pre-Columbian fortress built in the 12th century, is the main architectural attraction of the village. It is located north of San Francisco de Chiu Chiu and was declared a national monument in 1982. Petroglyph A petroglyph is an image created by removing part of a rock surface by incising, picking, carving, or abrading, as a form of rock art. Outside North America, scholars often use terms such as "carving", "engraving", or other descriptions ...s can also be found in the area. References External linksSernatur - Lasana {{coord, 22, 16, 15, S, 68, 37, 57, W, display=title Archaeological sites in Chile Populated places in El Loa Province ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pukara Of La Compañía
Pukara de La Compañia is an archaeological site containing the remains of a promaucae fortress, later used by the Incas, located on the large hill overlooking the village of La Compañia, a village in the commune of Graneros, Chile. It is the southernmost building which remains of the Inca Empire. As such it is an important landmark on what is known as "The Chilean Inca Trail", and has been declared a National Monument by the Chilean government. History There are three main historical periods during which the site was occupied: *Between the years 1380 and 1450 A.D., the hill was apparently occupied by local promaucaes or picunches during their resistance to the Inca invasion. *Most of the structures and remains of the hill date to the Inca occupation, namely between the years 1430 and 1450 A.D, approximately. *Once again the local indigenous population occupied the fortress during their resistance to the Spanish conquest. The evidence of this event is its documentation in Span ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pucara Del Cerro La Muralla
Pucará de Cerro La Muralla (Pucara of Wall's Hill) is an Inca Pucara (fortress) in Chile. It is located on a strategic mountain top, five km to the south of San Vicente de Tagua Tagua, near the dry lagoon ( Laguna de Tagua Tagua). This is believed to be the southernmost fort of the Inca Empire. History The Inca invasion, having advanced beyond the Choapa river, came to Picunche territory. They established in the zone several storage facilities and the fortress of Cerro La Muralla. Located on the strategic top of the hill, the fortress is near the lagoon that is now dry. It is located between the Cachapoal River and Tinguiririca River. It is presumed that the fort was used as point of observation, since from here, the north valley can be controlled. The lagoon was also useful for defence. Structure In the top of the Hill, the walls tracing an eagle in flight like another Inca structures. It has three defensive walls and two sectors with housings. Abundant ceramics and sto ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
