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Psychrophrynella
''Psychrophrynella'' is a genus of frogs in the family Strabomantidae The genus is distributed on the Andes of southern Peru and Bolivia. One of the four species assessed by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) is assessed as " Critically Endangered". The name ''Psychrophrynella'' is a contraction of the Greek ' meaning cold and ''phrynos'' meaning toad, with the Greek diminutive suffix ''ella''. It refers to their relatively cold habitats. Description Species of the genus ''Psychrophrynella'' are small frogs measuring between snout–vent length. They are characterized by narrow head, absence of differentiated tympanic membrane (except in ''Psychrophrynella boettgeri'') and, in most species, absence of tympanic annulus. Dorsum is smooth, granular, or shagreen. Venter is finely granular, granular, or coarsely granular (but smooth in ''Psychrophrynella pinguis ''Microkayla pinguis'' is a species of frog in the family Strabomantidae. It is endemic to Boliv ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Psychrophrynella Vilcabambensis
''Psychrophrynella'' is a genus of frogs in the family Strabomantidae The genus is distributed on the Andes of southern Peru and Bolivia. One of the four species assessed by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) is assessed as " Critically Endangered". The name ''Psychrophrynella'' is a contraction Contraction may refer to: Linguistics * Contraction (grammar), a shortened word * Poetic contraction, omission of letters for poetic reasons * Elision, omission of sounds ** Syncope (phonology), omission of sounds in a word * Synalepha, merged ... of the Greek ' meaning cold and ''phrynos'' meaning toad, with the Greek diminutive suffix ''ella''. It refers to their relatively cold habitats. Description Species of the genus ''Psychrophrynella'' are small frogs measuring between snout–vent length. They are characterized by narrow head, absence of differentiated tympanic membrane (except in '' Psychrophrynella boettgeri'') and, in most species, absence of ty ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Psychrophrynella
''Psychrophrynella'' is a genus of frogs in the family Strabomantidae The genus is distributed on the Andes of southern Peru and Bolivia. One of the four species assessed by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) is assessed as " Critically Endangered". The name ''Psychrophrynella'' is a contraction of the Greek ' meaning cold and ''phrynos'' meaning toad, with the Greek diminutive suffix ''ella''. It refers to their relatively cold habitats. Description Species of the genus ''Psychrophrynella'' are small frogs measuring between snout–vent length. They are characterized by narrow head, absence of differentiated tympanic membrane (except in ''Psychrophrynella boettgeri'') and, in most species, absence of tympanic annulus. Dorsum is smooth, granular, or shagreen. Venter is finely granular, granular, or coarsely granular (but smooth in ''Psychrophrynella pinguis ''Microkayla pinguis'' is a species of frog in the family Strabomantidae. It is endemic to Boliv ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Psychrophrynella Chirihampatu
''Psychrophrynella chirihampatu'' is a species of frogs in the family Strabomantidae. It is endemic to Peru and known only from its type locality, the Japumato Valley in the Peruvian Andes of the Cusco. The common name Japumayo Andes frog has been coined for this species. Etymology The specific name ''chirihampatu'' is a combination of Quechua words meaning "cold toad" (''chiri hamp'atu''). The genus name ''Psychrophrynella'' has the same meaning. Description Males measure and females in snout–vent length. Skin on the dorsum is finely shagreen, with some small warts forming linear ridges at mid dorsum. Skin on the venter is smooth. The tympanic membrane is not differentiated and the tympanic annulus is barely visible below skin. The snout short is bluntly rounded. Neither fingers nor toes have lateral fringes or webbing. The dorsal color varies considerably between individuals: the dorsum is tan to brown and gray, with dark brown markings; some individuals have a yello ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Psychrophrynella Usurpator
''Psychrophrynella usurpator'' is a species of frogs in the family Strabomantidae. It is endemic to Peru and known from near Abra Acjanacu (its type locality), a mountain pass in the Cordillera de Paucartambo, the easternmost Andean range towards the Amazonian lowlands, and from the high elevation grasslands of the Manu National Park. It is named ''usurpator'' because these frogs were previously misidentified as '' Noblella peruviana''—in a sense, they had "usurped" the name of another frog species. Description ''Psychrophrynella usurpator'' is a moderately robust-bodied frog with moderately long legs, without tympanic membrane but with a tympanic annulus that is visible through the skin, and rounded snout. Males measure and females in snout–vent length. Dorsum is gray to brown with smooth skin. Males have vocal sacs and slits and call in mid-afternoon. The call is a series of short, quickly repeated, moderately high notes Habitat and conservation ''Psychrophrynella ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Psychrophrynella Bagrecito
''Psychrophrynella bagrecito'' is a species of frog in the family Strabomantidae. It is endemic to the Cusco Region, Peru, and found on the Amazonian slopes of the Andes at elevations of asl. The specific name ''bagrecito'' is Spanish meaning a small catfish, and a nickname for David Cannatella, a colleague of , the scientist who described the species from specimens collected from near Marcapata. Description ''Psychrophrynella bagrecito'' are small frogs: adult males measure and females in snout–vent length. Skin on dorsum is shagreened, becoming more coarse on the lower back. Dorsum is striped with shades of brown. Venter has areolate skin and is white to cream with some brown mottling. Males have distended vocal sacs. Habitat and conservation Species' natural habitat is montane cloud forest. It is threatened by habitat loss Habitat destruction (also termed habitat loss and habitat reduction) is the process by which a natural habitat becomes incapable of supportin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Psychrophrynella Glauca
''Psychrophrynella glauca'' is a species of frog in the family Strabomantidae. It is endemic to the Distrito Ollachea, Peru, and is found on the Amazonian slopes of the Andes The Andes, Andes Mountains or Andean Mountains (; ) are the longest continental mountain range in the world, forming a continuous highland along the western edge of South America. The range is long, wide (widest between 18°S – 20°S ... at an elevation of 2225 meters above sea level. It is a poorly known species. References glauca Amphibians of the Andes Amphibians of Peru Endemic fauna of Peru Amphibians described in 2018 Taxa named by John Douglas Lynch Taxonomy articles created by Polbot {{Strabomantidae-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Psychrophrynella Pinguis
''Microkayla pinguis'' is a species of frog in the family Strabomantidae. It is endemic to Bolivia and only known from its type locality in Inquisivi Province, La Paz Department. It is known from an area consisting of a mixture of elfin forest Dwarf forest, elfin forest, or pygmy forest is an uncommon ecosystem featuring miniature trees, inhabited by small species of fauna such as rodents and lizards. They are usually located at high elevations, under conditions of sufficient air humi ... and pastures, where it was found under stones in a humid stream bed. Smallholder agriculture and climate change are potential threats to this species. References Amphibians of the Andes Amphibians of Bolivia Endemic fauna of Bolivia Taxonomy articles created by Polbot Amphibians described in 1998 {{Strabomantidae-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Strabomantidae
The Strabomantidae are a family of frogs native to South America. These frogs lack a free-living larval stage and hatch directly into miniature "froglets". This family includes ''Pristimantis'', the most speciose genus of any vertebrate. Systematics The following subfamilies and genera are in the family Strabomantidae. *Holoadeninae **'' Bahius'' Dubois, Ohler, and Pyron, 2021 **'' Barycholos'' Heyer, 1969 **''Bryophryne'' Hedges, Duellman, and Heinicke, 2008 **''Euparkerella'' Griffiths, 1959 **'' Holoaden'' Miranda-Ribeiro, 1920 **'' Microkayla'' De la Riva, Chaparro, Castroviejo-Fisher, and Padial, 2017 **''Noblella'' Barbour, 1930 **''Psychrophrynella'' Hedges, Duellman, and Heinicke, 2008 **''Qosqophryne'' Catenazzi, Mamani, Lehr, and von May, 2020 *Hypodactylinae **'' Niceforonia'' Goin and Cochran, 1963 *Pristimantinae **'' Lynchius'' Hedges, Duellman, and Heinicke, 2008 **'' Oreobates'' Jiménez de la Espada, 1872 **''Phrynopus'' Peters, 1873 **''Pristimantis'' Jiméne ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Psychrophrynella Boettgeri
''Microkayla boettgeri'' is a species of frog in the family Strabomantidae. It is endemic to Peru and only known from its type locality in the Limbani District, on the Cordillera Oriental of southeastern Peru. ''Microkayla boettgeri'' inhabit cloud forest with small bushes and trees and small streams. They are found under rocks during the day. Deforestation Deforestation or forest clearance is the removal of a forest or stand of trees from land that is then converted to non-forest use. Deforestation can involve conversion of forest land to farms, ranches, or urban use. The most concentrated d ... is known to occur in the area of the type locality, representing a threat to this species. References Amphibians of the Andes Amphibians of Peru Endemic fauna of Peru Amphibians described in 2006 Taxa named by Edgar Lehr {{Strabomantidae-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Stephen Blair Hedges
Stephen Hedges Stephen Blair Hedges (known as S. Blair Hedges) is Laura H. Carnell Professor of Science and director of the Center for Biodiversity at Temple University where he researches the tree of life and leads conservation efforts in Haiti and elsewhere. He co-founded Haiti National Trust. Career Hedges has a Bachelor of Science undergraduate degree from George Mason University, and a Masters and Ph.D. in Zoology from the University of Maryland, supervised by Richard Highton. Before he joined Temple University in 2014, he was a professor at Penn State. He is also a founding member of the NASA Astrobiology Center. He has published over 300 peer-reviewed works including 10 books and monographs. He was elected as a fellow of the American Association for the Advancement of Science in 2009 for "revealing connections between biological evolution and Earth history in diverse groups of organisms", and was awarded the 2011 Penn State Faculty Scholar Medal for Outstanding Achi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Amphibian Genera
Amphibians are four-limbed and ectothermic vertebrates of the class Amphibia. All living amphibians belong to the group Lissamphibia. They inhabit a wide variety of habitats, with most species living within terrestrial, fossorial, arboreal or freshwater aquatic ecosystems. Thus amphibians typically start out as larvae living in water, but some species have developed behavioural adaptations to bypass this. The young generally undergo metamorphosis from larva with gills to an adult air-breathing form with lungs. Amphibians use their skin as a secondary respiratory surface and some small terrestrial salamanders and frogs lack lungs and rely entirely on their skin. They are superficially similar to reptiles like lizards but, along with mammals and birds, reptiles are amniotes and do not require water bodies in which to breed. With their complex reproductive needs and permeable skins, amphibians are often ecological indicators; in recent decades there has been a dramatic ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Amphibians Of South America
Amphibians are four-limbed and ectothermic vertebrates of the class Amphibia. All living amphibians belong to the group Lissamphibia. They inhabit a wide variety of habitats, with most species living within terrestrial, fossorial, arboreal or freshwater aquatic ecosystems. Thus amphibians typically start out as larvae living in water, but some species have developed behavioural adaptations to bypass this. The young generally undergo metamorphosis from larva with gills to an adult air-breathing form with lungs. Amphibians use their skin as a secondary respiratory surface and some small terrestrial salamanders and frogs lack lungs and rely entirely on their skin. They are superficially similar to reptiles like lizards but, along with mammals and birds, reptiles are amniotes and do not require water bodies in which to breed. With their complex reproductive needs and permeable skins, amphibians are often ecological indicators; in recent decades there has been a dramatic decline ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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