|
Pseudomonas Coronafaciens
''Pseudomonas coronafaciens'' is a Gram-negative bacterium that is pathogenic to several plant species. Following ribotypical analysis several pathovars of '' P. syringae'' were incorporated into this species. Hosts * ''Pseudomonas coronafaciens'' pv. ' is pathogenic on Italian ryegrass (''Lolium multiflorum'', syn. ''Festuca perennis''). * ''Pseudomonas coronafaciens'' pv. ' causes halo blight on oat (''Avena sativa''). * ''Pseudomonas coronafaciens'' pv. ' infects the coffee plant ''Coffea arabica''. * ''Pseudomonas coronafaciens'' pv. ' is pathogenic on rice (''Oryza sativa''). * ''Pseudomonas coronafaciens'' pv. ' infects the leek ( ''Allium ampeloprasum'' var. ''porrum''). * ''Pseudomonas coronafaciens'' pv. ' causes bacterial stripe blight on oat (''Avena sativa''). * ''Pseudomonas coronafaciens'' pv. ' causes bacterial leaf streak on wild rice (''Zizania aquatica''). Pathogenesis ''P. coronafaciens'' performs quorum sensing In biology, quorum sensing or quorum sign ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gram-negative Bacterium
Gram-negative bacteria are bacteria that do not retain the crystal violet stain used in the Gram staining method of bacterial differentiation. They are characterized by their cell envelopes, which are composed of a thin peptidoglycan cell wall sandwiched between an inner cytoplasmic cell membrane and a bacterial outer membrane. Gram-negative bacteria are found in virtually all environments on Earth that support life. The gram-negative bacteria include the model organism ''Escherichia coli'', as well as many pathogenic bacteria, such as ''Pseudomonas aeruginosa'', ''Chlamydia trachomatis'', and ''Yersinia pestis''. They are a significant medical challenge as their outer membrane protects them from many antibiotics (including penicillin), detergents that would normally damage the inner cell membrane, and lysozyme, an antimicrobial enzyme produced by animals that forms part of the innate immune system. Additionally, the outer leaflet of this membrane comprises a complex lipo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Zizania Aquatica
Wild rice, also called manoomin, Canada rice, Indian rice, or water oats, is any of four species of grasses that form the genus ''Zizania'', and the grain that can be harvested from them. The grain was historically gathered and eaten in both North America and China, but eaten less in China, where the plant's stem is used as a vegetable. Wild rice is not directly related to domesticated rice (''Oryza sativa'' and ''Oryza glaberrima''), although they are close cousins, all belonging to the tribe Oryzeae. Wild-rice grains have a chewy outer sheath with a tender inner grain that has a slightly vegetal taste. The plants grow in shallow water in small lakes and slow-flowing streams; often, only the flowering head of wild rice rises above the water. The grain is eaten by dabbling ducks and other aquatic wildlife. Species Three species of wild rice are native to North America: * Northern wild rice (''Zizania palustris'') is an annual plant native to the Great Lakes region of Nort ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rice Diseases
This article is a list of diseases of rice (''Oryza sativa''). Diseases have historically been one of the major causes of rice shortages. p.434 Bacterial diseases Fungal diseases Viruses *'' Rice black-streaked dwarf virus'' *'' Rice bunchy stunt virus'' *''Rice dwarf virus'' *'' Rice gall dwarf virus'' *'' Rice giallume virus'' *'' Rice grassy stunt virus'' *''Rice hoja blanca tenuivirus'' *'' Rice necrosis mosaic virus'' *''Rice ragged stunt virus'' *'' Rice stripe necrosis virus'' *'' Rice stripe tenuivirus'' *'' Rice transitory yellowing virus'' *''Rice tungro bacilliform virus'' - see Tungro below *''Rice tungro spherical virus'' - see Tungro below *''Rice yellow mottle virus'' Miscellaneous diseases and disorders See also * List of rice varieties References {{reflist, 30em, refs= {{cite web , title=bacterial leaf blight of rice, ''Xanthomonas oryzae'' pv. ''oryzae'' Xanthomonadales: Xanthomonadaceae , website=Invasive.Org , url=http://www.invasive.org/browse/ ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Coffee Diseases ...
This article is a list of diseases of coffee (''Coffea arabica, Coffea canephora''). Fungal diseases Nematodes, parasitic Viral diseases Miscellaneous diseases and disorders * Leaf miners (moths) - Leucoptera caffeina, Leucoptera coffeella References Extensive details and images, including on coffee rust epidemic, also in French, Spanish and PortugueseCommon Names of Diseases, The American Phytopathological SocietyCommon Names of Plant Diseases, International Society for Molecular Plant-Microbe Interactions{Registration required * Coffee Coffee is a drink prepared from roasted coffee beans. Darkly colored, bitter, and slightly acidic, coffee has a stimulating effect on humans, primarily due to its caffeine content. It is the most popular hot drink in the world. Seeds of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Oats Diseases
This article is a list of diseases of the cultivated oat ''Avena sativa''. Bacterial diseases Fungal diseases Miscellaneous diseases or disorders Nematodes, parasitic Viruses Oats The oat (''Avena sativa''), sometimes called the common oat, is a species of cereal grain grown for its seed, which is known by the same name (usually in the plural, unlike other cereals and pseudocereals). While oats are suitable for human con ... * Oats ReferencesCommon Names of Diseases, The American Phytopathological Society {{Oats ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bacterial Plant Pathogens And Diseases
Bacteria (; singular: bacterium) are ubiquitous, mostly free-living organisms often consisting of one biological cell. They constitute a large domain of prokaryotic microorganisms. Typically a few micrometres in length, bacteria were among the first life forms to appear on Earth, and are present in most of its habitats. Bacteria inhabit soil, water, acidic hot springs, radioactive waste, and the deep biosphere of Earth's crust. Bacteria are vital in many stages of the nutrient cycle by recycling nutrients such as the fixation of nitrogen from the atmosphere. The nutrient cycle includes the decomposition of dead bodies; bacteria are responsible for the putrefaction stage in this process. In the biological communities surrounding hydrothermal vents and cold seeps, extremophile bacteria provide the nutrients needed to sustain life by converting dissolved compounds, such as hydrogen sulphide and methane, to energy. Bacteria also live in symbiotic and parasitic relationsh ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pseudomonadales
The Pseudomonadales are an order of Pseudomonadota. A few members are pathogens, such as species of ''Pseudomonas'', ''Moraxella'', and ''Acinetobacter'', which may cause disease in humans, animals and plants. ''Pseudomonas'' The bacterial genus ''Pseudomonas'' includes the opportunistic human pathogen ''P. aeruginosa'', plant pathogenic bacteria, plant beneficial bacteria, ubiquitous soil bacteria with bioremediation capabilities and other species that cause spoilage of milk and dairy products. ''Pseudomonas aeruginosa'' can cause chronic opportunistic infections that have become increasingly apparent in immunocompromised patients and the ageing population of industrialised societies. The genome sequences of several pseudomonads have become available in recent years and researchers are beginning to use the data to make new discoveries about this bacterium. ''Acinetobacter'' The genus ''Acinetobacter'' is a group of Gram-negative, nonmotile and nonfermentative bacteria belongin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Annual Review Of Phytopathology
The ''Annual Review of Phytopathology'' is a peer-reviewed academic journal that publishes review articles about phytopathology, the study of diseases that affect plants. It was first published in 1963 as the result of a collaboration between the American Phytopathological Society and the nonprofit publisher Annual Reviews. As of 2022, ''Journal Citation Reports'' lists the journal's 2021 impact factor as 10.850, ranking it seventh of 238 journal titles in the category "Plant Sciences". Its current editors are Jan E. Leach and Steven E. Lindow. History In the 1950s, the American Phytopathological Society had intended to publish its own journal to cover significant developments in the field of phytopathology, or plant diseases. However, the nonprofit publisher Annual Reviews offered to publish the journal for them, and they agreed due to their publishing experience. In 1961, the American Phytopathological Society compiled the editorial board of the journal at their annual meeting. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Annual Reviews (publisher)
Annual Reviews is an independent, non-profit academic publishing company based in San Mateo, California. As of 2021, it publishes 51 journals of review articles and ''Knowable Magazine'', covering the fields of life, biomedical, physical, and social sciences. Review articles are usually “peer-invited” solicited submissions, often planned one to two years in advance, which go through a peer-review process. The organizational structure has three levels: a volunteer board of directors, editorial committees of experts for each journal, and paid employees. Annual Reviews' stated mission is to synthesize and integrate knowledge "for the progress of science and the benefit of society". The first Annual Reviews journal, the ''Annual Review of Biochemistry'', was published in 1932 under the editorship of Stanford University chemist J. Murray Luck, who wanted to create a resource that provided critical reviews on contemporary research. The second journal was added in 1939. By ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Quorum Sensing
In biology, quorum sensing or quorum signalling (QS) is the ability to detect and respond to cell population density by gene regulation. As one example, QS enables bacteria to restrict the expression of specific genes to the high cell densities at which the resulting phenotypes will be most beneficial. Many species of bacteria use quorum sensing to coordinate gene expression according to the density of their local population. In a similar fashion, some social insects use quorum sensing to determine where to nest. Quorum sensing in pathogenic bacteria activates host immune signaling and prolongs host survival, by limiting the bacterial intake of nutrients, such as tryptophan, which further is converted to serotonin. As such, quorum sensing allows a Commensalism, commensal interaction between host and pathogenic bacteria. Quorum sensing may also be useful for cancer cell communications. In addition to its function in biological systems, quorum sensing has several useful applications ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Allium Ampeloprasum Var
''Allium'' is a genus of monocotyledonous flowering plants that includes hundreds of species, including the cultivated onion, garlic, scallion, shallot, leek, and chives. The generic name ''Allium'' is the Latin word for garlic,Gledhill, David (2008). "The Names of Plants". Cambridge University Press. (hardback), (paperback). pp 43 and the type species for the genus is ''Allium sativum'' which means "cultivated garlic".''Allium'' In: Index Nominum Genericorum. In: Regnum Vegetabile (see ''External links'' below). Carl Linnaeus first described the genus ''Allium'' in 1753. Some sources refer to Greek ἀλέω (aleo, to avoid) by reason of the smell of garlic. Various ''Allium'' have been cultivated from the earliest times, and about a dozen species are economically important as crops, or garden vegetables, and an increasing number of species are important as ornamental plants. The decision to include a species in the genus ''Allium'' is taxonomically difficult, and speci ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
