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Proxilodon Bonneri
''Proxilodon'' is an extinct genus of recumbirostran microsaur from the Early Permian Speiser Formation of Kansas, United States. It contains a single species, ''Proxilodon bonneri'', (formerly "Euryodus" ''bonneri''). History of study There is only one known specimen of ''Proxilodon bonneri'', the former holotype of ''Euryodus bonneri'', named by Schultze & Foreman (1981). It was collected in 1976 by Brian Foreman from a roadcut site in Kansas in the lower Speiser Formation (often called the Speiser Shale) that preserves primarily aquatic vertebrates, such as the lungfish '' Gnathorhiza'', the dvinosaur temnospondyl '' Acroplous vorax'', the nectridean lepospondyl ''Diplocaulus'', and the lysorophian '' Lysorophus tricarinatus''. The species was named after Orville Bonner, who prepared the specimen, a complete skull with the left lower jaw in articulation and associated vertebrae and a fragmentary humerus. Huttenlocker et al. (2013) identified numerous differences from oth ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Early Permian
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Lepospondyli
Lepospondyli is a diverse taxon of early tetrapods. With the exception of one late-surviving lepospondyl from the Late Permian of Morocco (''Diplocaulus minumus''), lepospondyls lived from the Early Carboniferous ( Mississippian) to the Early Permian and were geographically restricted to what is now Europe and North America. Five major groups of lepospondyls are known: Adelospondyli; Aïstopoda; Lysorophia; Microsauria; and Nectridea. Lepospondyls have a diverse range of body forms and include species with newt-like, eel- or snake-like, and lizard-like forms. Various species were aquatic, semiaquatic, or terrestrial. None were large (the biggest genus, the diplocaulid ''Diplocaulus'', reached a meter in length, but most were much smaller), and they are assumed to have lived in specialized ecological niches not taken by the more numerous temnospondyl amphibians that coexisted with them in the Paleozoic. Lepospondyli was named in 1888 by Karl Alfred von Zittel, who coined the name t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pantylus
''Pantylus'' (from el, παν , 'all' and el, τύλος , 'knob') is an extinct lepospondyl amphibian from the Permian period of North America. ''Pantylus'' was probably a largely terrestrial animal, judging from its well-built legs. It was about long, and resembled a lizard with a large skull and short limbs. It had numerous blunt teeth, and probably chased after invertebrate Invertebrates are a paraphyletic group of animals that neither possess nor develop a vertebral column (commonly known as a ''backbone'' or ''spine''), derived from the notochord. This is a grouping including all animals apart from the chordate ... prey. References External links Skull cast Recumbirostrans Cisuralian amphibians of North America Taxa named by Edward Drinker Cope Fossil taxa described in 1881 {{Lepospondyli-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Recumbirostra
Recumbirostra is a clade of tetrapods which lived during the Carboniferous and Permian periods. They are thought to have had a fossorial (burrowing) lifestyle and the group includes both short-bodied and long-bodied snake-like forms. At least one species, the molgophid ''Nagini mazonense,'' lost its forelimbs entirely. It includes the families Pantylidae, Gymnarthridae, Ostodolepidae, Rhynchonkidae and Brachystelechidae, with additional families such as Microbrachidae and Molgophidae being included by some authors. Recumbirostra was erected as a clade in 2007 to include many of the taxa traditionally grouped in "Microsauria", which has since been shown to be a paraphyletic or polyphyletic grouping. Like other "microsaurs", the recumbirostrans have traditionally been considered to be members of the subclass Lepospondyli; however, many phylogenetic analyses conducted since the 2010s have recovered recumbirostrans as basal sauropsid amniotes instead. Not all phylogenetic analyses rec ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Saxonerpeton
''Saxonerpeton'' is an extinct genus of microsaur of the family Hapsidopareiontidae. Fossils have been found from Early Permian strata near Dresden, Germany. See also * List of prehistoric amphibians References External links''Saxonerpeton''in the Paleobiology Database The Paleobiology Database is an online resource for information on the distribution and classification of fossil animals, plants, and microorganisms. History The Paleobiology Database (PBDB) originated in the NCEAS-funded Phanerozoic Marine Pale ... Permian amphibians of Europe Fossil taxa described in 1978 {{paleo-amphibian-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hapsidopareion
''Hapsidopareion'' is an extinct genus of microsaur belonging to the family Hapsidopareiidae. Fossils have been found in the early Permian of Oklahoma. History of study ''Hapsidopareion'' was named in 1973 by American paleontologist Eleanor Daly based on material collected from the early Permian South Grandfield locality in southwestern Oklahoma. The genus name is given for the Greek ''hapsido''- ('arch') and -''pareion'' ('cheek'). The species name, ''H. lepton'', is given for the slightness of the animal. The taxon is known from several partial to complete skulls and possibly by some isolated postcranial material. Anatomy ''Hapsidopareion'' was originally differentiated from other microsaurs by the large temporal emargination, which produced other variable morphology of the circum-emargination bones (e.g., postorbital). It is similar to the more recently described '' Llistrofus pricei'' in this regard, but can be differentiated from ''L. pricei'' by features such as the abse ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tuditanus
''Tuditanus'' is an extinct genus of tuditanid microsaur from the Carboniferous, ~ 306 Ma ago. It was of small size, reaching a length of about 24 cm. See also * Prehistoric amphibian * List of prehistoric amphibians This list of prehistoric amphibians is an attempt to create a comprehensive listing of all genera from the fossil record that have ever been considered to be amphibians, excluding purely vernacular terms. The list includes all commonly accepted g ... References Microsauria Carboniferous amphibians {{Lepospondyli-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Asaphestera
''Asaphestera'' is an extinct genus of a tetrapod described on the basis of fossils from the Carboniferous of the Joggins locality in Nova Scotia, Canada. It was originally described as an undetermined lepospondyl and subsequently classified as a microsaur within the family Tuditanidae. A study published in May 2020 found that specimens referred to ''Asaphestera'' represented several unrelated species. Steen (1934)'s original species name ''Asaphestera platyris'' was retained for a skull which has been re-evaluated as the earliest known synapsid. The type species of ''Asaphestera'' is ''Asaphestera platyris'', named by Steen (1934) based on three skulls. Carroll & Gaskill (1978) noted that one of the skulls was briefly named as the species ''"Hylerpeton ''Hylerpeton'' is an extinct genus of leponspondyl amphibian belonging to the family Gymnarthridae from the late Carboniferous period. The nominal species ''"Hylerpeton" longidentatum'' Dawson, 1876 was considered possibly no ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Microbrachis
''Microbrachis'' is an extinct genus of lepospondyl amphibian from the Carboniferous Kladno Formation of the Czech Republic. Description ''Microbrachis'' was an elongated, salamander-like creature, about long, with over 40 vertebrae instead of the average 15–26 in its living relatives. It had minute limbs, and probably swam using fish-like lateral body movements. ''Microbrachis'' probably fed on fresh water plankton such as shrimp. ''Microbrachis'' was pedomorphic, retaining its larval gills in adulthood. Similar traits are found in the extant axolotl The axolotl (; from nci, āxōlōtl ), ''Ambystoma mexicanum'', is a paedomorphic salamander closely related to the tiger salamander. Axolotls are unusual among amphibians in that they reach adulthood without undergoing metamorphosis. I .... References Further reading * Andrew R. Milner, "The Tetrapod Assemblage from Nýrany, Czechoslovakia", in Systematics Association Special Volume No.15, "The Terrest ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ostodolepidae
Ostodolepidae, also spelled Ostodolepididae, is an extinct family of Early Permian microsaurs. They are unique among microsaurs in that they were large, reaching lengths of up to , terrestrial, and presumably fossorial. Ostodolepid remains have been found from Early Permian beds in Texas, Oklahoma, and Germany. Ostodolepids have elongated trunks, with small, robust limbs and shortened tails. The occiput is high, but the skull narrows toward the snout. The snout is pointed and projects past the jaw. In dorsal view, the skull is roughly triangular. The ventral temporal margin is emarginated. At the back of the skull, there is a large cavity between the supraoccipital and the skull roof. The skull is well ossified, with tight sutures between bones. The skull roof is relatively smooth, although scattered pits and grooves are usually present. There are 32 to 45 presacral vertebrae, and three sacral Sacral may refer to: *Sacred, associated with divinity and considered worthy of spiri ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Huskerpeton
''Huskerpeton'' is an extinct genus of recumbirostran microsaur amphibian from the Early Permian Eskridge Formation of Nebraska, United States. It contains a single species, ''Huskerpeton englehorni''. The genus was named for the University of Nebraska Cornhuskers The Nebraska Cornhuskers (often abbreviated to Huskers) are the intercollegiate athletic teams that represent the University of Nebraska–Lincoln. The university is a member of the Big Ten Conference, and the Cornhuskers compete in NCAA Divis .... References Recumbirostrans Fossil taxa described in 2013 Cisuralian amphibians of North America Paleontology in Nebraska {{Lepospondyli-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gymnarthridae
Gymnarthridae is an extinct family of tuditanomorph microsaurs. Gymnarthrids are known from Europe and North America and existed from the Late Carboniferous through the Early Permian. Remains have been found from the Czech Republic, Nova Scotia, Illinois, Texas, and Oklahoma. Gymnarthrids are relatively elongate with short limbs. The skulls of gymnarthrids are also small, with a single row of large conical teeth on the margin of the jaw (a feature that distinguishes them from other microsaurs). In some genera, such as ''Bolterpeton'' and ''Cardiocephalus'', the teeth are labiolingually compressed. Gymnarthridae was first erected by E. C. Case in 1910 to include the newly described ''Gymnarthrus''. It was placed in a new suborder, Gymnarthria. Case initially considered gymnarthrids to be reptiles, but later recognized them to be amphibians, placing ''Cardiocephalus'' in the family. ''Pariotichus'' was placed within Gymnarthridae by Alfred Romer after having previously been assi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
