Protorthodes
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Protorthodes
''Protorthodes'' is a genus of moths of the family Noctuidae The Noctuidae, commonly known as owlet moths, cutworms or armyworms, are a family of moths. They are considered the most controversial family in the superfamily Noctuoidea because many of the clades are constantly changing, along with the other f .... Species * '' Protorthodes alfkenii'' (Grote, 1895) * '' Protorthodes antennata'' (Barnes & McDunnough, 1912) * '' Protorthodes argentoppida'' McDunnough, 1943 * '' Protorthodes curtica'' (Smith, 1890) * '' Protorthodes eureka'' (Barnes & Benjamin, 1927) * '' Protorthodes incincta'' (Morrison, 1875) * '' Protorthodes melanopis'' (Hampson, 1905) * '' Protorthodes mexicana'' Lafontaine, 2014 * '' Protorthodes mulina'' (Schaus, 1894) * '' Protorthodes orobia'' (Harvey, 1876) * '' Protorthodes oviduca'' (Guenée, 1852) * '' Protorthodes perforata'' (Grote, 1883) * '' Protorthodes rufula'' (Grote, 1874) * '' Protorthodes texicana'' Lafontaine, 2014 * '' Protorthodes ustulata'' ...
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Protorthodes Incincta
''Protorthodes incincta'', the banded Quaker moth, is a moth in the family Noctuidae. It is found in North America, where it has been recorded in the western Great Plains and dry open forests of the Rocky Mountain region, with range extensions into the Great Basin, the American Southwest, and eastward in relict prairie areas into the Great Lakes region. The length of the forewings is 11–14 mm. Adults are highly variable in appearance. The ground colour varies from pale whitish grey, through various shades of brown, orange and grey to blackish grey. It can be distinguished from similar species by the more irregular pale subterminal line, concentration of dark sagittate marks proximal to the subterminal line to the area distal to the reniform spot, and other characters of maculation, antenna, and male genitalia. The palest forms occur in xeric areas of Nevada, Arizona and New Mexico and were previously known as ''P. indra''. The most contrastingly marked forms are found in s ...
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Protorthodes Constans
''Protorthodes perforata'' is a moth in the family Noctuidae first described by Augustus Radcliffe Grote in 1883. It is found across the southern United States, from western Texas to southern California and southward to central Mexico. The length of the forewings is 12–14 mm. The forewings are pale whitish gray to buffy gray with darker gray reniform and orbicular spots, each is outlined by a contrastingly pale line. The hindwings are dirty white with fuscous shading on the margins and veins in both sexes. Adults have been recorded on wing from early April to early July and again from mid-August to late October.; ; 2014: A revision of the genus ''Protorthodes'' McDunnough with descriptions of a new genus and four new species (Lepidoptera, Noctuidae, Noctuinae, Eriopygini). ''ZooKeys ''ZooKeys'' is a peer-reviewed open access scientific journal covering zoological taxonomy, phylogeny, and biogeography. It was established in 2008 and the editor-in-chief is Terry Erwin ...
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Protorthodes Perforata
''Protorthodes perforata'' is a moth in the family Noctuidae first described by Augustus Radcliffe Grote in 1883. It is found across the southern United States, from western Texas to southern California and southward to central Mexico. The length of the forewings is 12–14 mm. The forewings are pale whitish gray to buffy gray with darker gray reniform and orbicular spots, each is outlined by a contrastingly pale line. The hindwings are dirty white with fuscous shading on the margins and veins in both sexes. Adults have been recorded on wing from early April to early July and again from mid-August to late October.; ; 2014: A revision of the genus ''Protorthodes'' McDunnough with descriptions of a new genus and four new species (Lepidoptera, Noctuidae, Noctuinae, Eriopygini). ''ZooKeys ''ZooKeys'' is a peer-reviewed open access scientific journal covering zoological taxonomy, phylogeny, and biogeography. It was established in 2008 and the editor-in-chief is Terry Erwin ...
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Protorthodes Oviduca
''Protorthodes oviduca'', the ruddy Quaker moth, is a moth in the family Noctuidae. It is found across boreal and temperate areas of Canada and the northern United States with extensions in the eastern United States, ranging to central Florida and southern Alabama, and in the mountains in the West as far south as Colorado and Utah. In some areas (such as Ohio and Michigan Michigan () is a state in the Great Lakes region of the upper Midwestern United States. With a population of nearly 10.12 million and an area of nearly , Michigan is the 10th-largest state by population, the 11th-largest by area, and the ...) it is found only in sandy habitats. The species was first described by Achille Guenée in 1852. The length of the forewings is 11–14 mm. The ground color of the forewings is reddish brown. The reniform spot is usually entirely filled with dark shading and is outlined by contrastingly pale. Adults are on wing from mid-May to early July. The larvae feed o ...
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Protorthodes Melanopis
''Protorthodes melanopis'' is a moth in the family Noctuidae. It is found across the southern United States, from western Texas to southern California. Its range extends as far north as southern Utah and as far south as northern Mexico Mexico (Spanish: México), officially the United Mexican States, is a country in the southern portion of North America. It is bordered to the north by the United States; to the south and west by the Pacific Ocean; to the southeast by Guatema .... The length of the forewings is 11–14 mm. The ground colour of the forewings is pale grey-brown which emphasizes the contrast between the reniform spot, orbicular spot and the ground color. The pale hindwings of the males contrast with the forewings. In males the hindwing is white and translucent, with some fuscous shading on the veins and wing margin. In females, the hindwing is covered with a fuscous sheen, darker on the veins and wing margin. Adults are on wing from late February to early ...
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Protorthodes Antennata
''Protorthodes antennata'' is a moth in the family Noctuidae first described by William Barnes and James Halliday McDunnough in 1912. It has a small distribution in North America, extending from central Arizona to northernmost Mexico. The length of the forewings is 10–14 mm. The reniform spot on the forewings is not outlined like in other ''Protorthodes'' species. There is a series of tiny white dots that partially define the reniform spot, and a series of tiny yellow dots that form a partial outer border of the spot. Adults have been recorded on wing from mid-May to mid-June and in October.; ; 2014: A revision of the genus ''Protorthodes'' McDunnough with descriptions of a new genus and four new species (Lepidoptera, Noctuidae, Noctuinae, Eriopygini). ''ZooKeys ''ZooKeys'' is a peer-reviewed open access scientific journal covering zoological taxonomy, phylogeny, and biogeography. It was established in 2008 and the editor-in-chief is Terry Erwin (Smithsonian Institut ...
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Protorthodes Rufula
''Protorthodes rufula'', the rufous Quaker moth, is a moth in the family Noctuidae. The species was first described by Augustus Radcliffe Grote in 1874. It is found in western North America along the Pacific Coast, and the coastal mountain ranges from northern Washington to southern California. The length of the forewings is 13–16 mm. The forewing ground color varies from pale whitish buff, through various shades of red and orange, to brown. Almost all specimens show some areas or patches of rufous shading. Adults have been recorded on wing from mid-April to mid-June in the north (from mid-February in southern California) and again from early August to late October. The larvae feed on various hardwoods in the family Rosaceae, including ''Prunus'' and ''Malus ''Malus'' ( or ) is a genus of about 30–55 species of small deciduous trees or shrubs in the family Rosaceae, including the domesticated orchard apple, crab apples, wild apples, and rainberries. The genus is n ...
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Protorthodes Ustulata
''Protorthodes ustulata'' is a moth in the family Noctuidae first described by J. Donald Lafontaine, J. Bruce Walsh and Clifford D. Ferris in 2014. It is found in North America from south-eastern Wyoming southward to the Guadalupe Mountains in western Texas and westward to central and south-eastern Arizona and northern Mexico. The length of the forewings is 12–15 mm. The forewings are burnt orange color, tending to be darker toward the costal and outer edge. The subbasal, antemedial, postmedial and subterminal lines are whitish gray, partially bordered by dark-brown scales. The reniform spot has the shape of an eight. The upper part is gray brown and the lower part is blackish gray. It has a contrasting whitish-gray outline. The orbicular spot is slightly darker than the ground color and is outlined in whitish gray. The terminal line is dark brown. The hindwings are pale fuscous basally with darker fuscous on the discal spot, veins and marginal area. Adults have been reco ...
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Protorthodes Texicana
''Protorthodes texicana'' is a moth in the family Noctuidae first described by J. Donald Lafontaine in 2014. It is known from west-central Texas and southern Mexico. The length of the forewings is 12–14 mm. The forewings are pale brown with a dusting of darker-brown scales. The subbasal, antemedial, postmedial and subterminal lines are buff, partially bordered by darker-brown scales. The reniform spot is gray brown, darker than the forewing and with a pale-buff outline, as well as a slight constriction on the anterior and posterior margin. The orbicular spot is similar in color. The hindwings are pale fuscous, basally with darker fuscous on the discal spot, the veins and the marginal area. Adults are on wing from late March to late May and in early October. Etymology The species name is derived from Texas and Mexico, the two areas from which it has been recorded.; ; 2014: A revision of the genus ''Protorthodes'' McDunnough with descriptions of a new genus and four new sp ...
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Protorthodes Mulina
''Protorthodes mulina'' is a moth in the family Noctuidae first described by William Schaus in 1894. It probably has a wide range in Mexico, occurring as far south as the state of Chiapas, but is known from very few localities. In the United States it occurs from western Texas to southeastern Arizona. The length of the forewings is 13–17 mm. The ground color of the forewings is orange or yellow orange with darker orange-brown lines. Adults are on wing in May and June and again from mid-August to early November, probably in two generations.; ; 2014: A revision of the genus ''Protorthodes'' McDunnough with descriptions of a new genus and four new species (Lepidoptera, Noctuidae, Noctuinae, Eriopygini). ''ZooKeys ''ZooKeys'' is a peer-reviewed open access scientific journal covering zoological taxonomy, phylogeny, and biogeography. It was established in 2008 and the editor-in-chief is Terry Erwin (Smithsonian Institution). It is published by Pensoft Publ ...'', 421: 139 ...
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Protorthodes Eureka
''Protorthodes eureka'' is a moth in the family Noctuidae first described by William Barnes and Foster Hendrickson Benjamin in 1927. It is found in North America from southern Alberta southward in the western Great Plains to Colorado and in the Great Basin to east-central California and south-western Colorado Colorado (, other variants) is a state in the Mountain West subregion of the Western United States. It encompasses most of the Southern Rocky Mountains, as well as the northeastern portion of the Colorado Plateau and the western edge of t .... The habitat consists of open xeric habitats, especially sagebrush prairie and open pinyon-juniper woodlands. The length of the forewings is 11–13 mm. The forewings are reddish brown with a longitudinally-streaked pattern resulting from dark-colored veins and lighter-brown color between the veins. There is a series of black sagittate (arrowhead-shaped) spots on the inner side of the almost straight subterminal line. ...
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Protorthodes Curtica
''Protorthodes curtica'' is a moth in the family Noctuidae first described by Smith in 1890. It is found in North America from the interior of southern British Columbia southward in the West Coast states, mainly to the east of the Cascades and Coastal ranges, to southern California. It occurs in the Rocky Mountains in Idaho and Montana and in the Ruby Mountains of Nevada. The habitat consists of dry forested areas. The length of the forewings is 12–16 mm. The forewings have a dark reddish tint and a pale, curved subterminal line that follows the wing margin. There is an even band of dark shading along the inner edge of the subterminal line and the reniform is faintly outlined by a pale line. Adults are on wing from late June to mid-October. The larvae feed on various herbaceous plants, including Asteraceae (including '' Ericameria'' species), Scrophulariaceae and Rosaceae Rosaceae (), the rose family, is a medium-sized family of flowering plants that includes 4,8 ...
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