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Propylea
''Propylea'' is a small genus of lady beetles, including one widespread Old World species that is invasive in North America North America is a continent in the Northern Hemisphere and almost entirely within the Western Hemisphere. It is bordered to the north by the Arctic Ocean, to the east by the Atlantic Ocean, to the southeast by South America and the Car ..., '' Propylea quatuordecimpunctata''. Species * '' Propylea japonica'' (Thunberg, 1781) * '' Propylea luteopustulata'' (Mulsant, 1850) * '' Propylea dissecta'' Mulsant, 1846 * '' Propylea quatuordecimpunctata'' (Linnéaus, 1758) Gallery Propylea.14-punctata.1.jpg, '' Propylea quatuordecimpunctata'' Propylea quatuordecimpunctata. larva.jpg, ''P. quatuordecimpunctata'', larva References External links * * Coccinellidae genera Taxa named by Étienne Mulsant {{Coccinellidae-stub ...
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Propylea Quatuordecimpunctata
''Propylea quatuordecimpunctata'' is a small lady beetle, belonging to the family Coccinellidae. It is sometimes referred to by the common name 14-spotted ladybird beetle, or simply P-14. Varieties Varieties include: * ''Propylea quatuordecimpunctata'' var. ''suturalis'' Weise, 1879 * ''Propylea quatuordecimpunctata'' var. ''weisei'' Mader, 1931 * ''Propylea quatuordecimpunctata'' var. ''pedemontana'' Della Beffa, 1913 * ''Propylea quatuordecimpunctata'' var. ''frivaldskyi'' Sajo, 1882 * ''Propylea quatuordecimpunctata'' var. ''pannonica'' Sajo, 1882 * ''Propylea quatuordecimpunctata'' var. ''moravica'' Walter, 1882 * ''Propylea quatuordecimpunctata'' var. ''perlata'' Weise, 1879 Description The beetles are 3.5 to 4.5 millimeters long, They have a great variety of color forms: well over 100 color and pattern variations. Some of these color forms differ to the extent that at first they were thought to be separate species. The background coloration ranges from cream through ye ...
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Propylea Japonica
''Propylea'' is a small genus of lady beetles, including one widespread Old World species that is invasive in North America, ''Propylea quatuordecimpunctata''. Species * '' Propylea japonica'' (Thunberg, 1781) * '' Propylea luteopustulata'' (Mulsant, 1850) * '' Propylea dissecta'' Mulsant, 1846 * ''Propylea quatuordecimpunctata'' (Linnéaus, 1758) Gallery Propylea.14-punctata.1.jpg, ''Propylea quatuordecimpunctata ''Propylea quatuordecimpunctata'' is a small lady beetle, belonging to the family Coccinellidae. It is sometimes referred to by the common name 14-spotted ladybird beetle, or simply P-14. Varieties Varieties include: * ''Propylea quatuordecimp ...'' Propylea quatuordecimpunctata. larva.jpg, ''P. quatuordecimpunctata'', larva References External links * * Coccinellidae genera Taxa named by Étienne Mulsant {{Coccinellidae-stub ...
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Propylea Dissecta
''Propylea dissecta'', is a species of lady beetle native to India, Sri Lanka, Bangladesh and Nepal. Description This robust beetle is about 5 to 6 mm in length. Elytra reddish orange in color with black central line. Adults show polymorphism with several intermediate and pale forms. Biology Sexual maturity of male and female ladybirds is about 7 and 9 days respectively. Adult males are more willing to mate with females irrespective of age. Mating duration is longest amongst older adults where 30 day-old males and 20 day-old females can be found. Chemical signals as well as visual and tactile cues initiate male attraction toward females. Mating lasted longest about 275 minutes when it occurred between unmated individuals. It is a voracious predator on several aphids such as ''Aphis gossypii'', ''Aphis craccivora'', ''Lipaphis erysimi'', ''Uroleucon compositae'', ''Brevicoryne brassicae'', ''Rhopalosiphum maidis ''Rhopalosiphum maidis'', common names corn leaf aphid and corn ...
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Propylea Luteopustulata
''Propylea luteopustulata'', is a species of lady beetle found in India, Nepal, Himalayas, Tibet, Southern China, Sri Lanka, Myanmar, and Vietnam.. Body length is about 5 to 5.3 mm. Elytral pattern is highly variable. It is found on host plants such as '' Bidens pilosa'', and ''Galinsoga parviflora''. It is a predator of many aphid species such as, ''Aphis craccivora'', ''Aphis gossypii'', ''Aphis rumicis'', ''Brachycaudus helichrysi'', ''Brevicoryne brassicae ''Brevicoryne brassicae'', commonly known as the cabbage aphid or cabbage aphis, is a destructive aphid (plant louse) native to Europe that is now found in many other areas of the world. The aphids feed on many varieties of produce, including ca ...'', '' Lipaphis pseudobrassicae'' and '' Myzus persicae''. References Coccinellidae Insects of Sri Lanka Beetles described in 1850 {{Coccinellidae-stub ...
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Étienne Mulsant
Martial Étienne Mulsant (2 March 1797, Marnand, Rhône – 4 November 1880) was a French entomologist and ornithologist. Biography Initially employed in commerce, Mulsant wrote ''Lettres à Julie sur l'entomologie, suivies d'une description méthodique de la plus grande partie des insectes de France, ornées de planches''... ("Letters to Julie on entomology, followed by a methodical description of the greatest part of the insects of France with, decorated plates..."), dedicated to his future wife, Julie Ronchivole. In 1817, he became mayor of Saint-Jean-la-Bussière, where his parents had property. In 1827 he became, following his father and grandfather, a justice of the peace. He settled in Lyon in 1830 and in 1839, he obtained a post of assistant librarian and then, in 1843, a post of professor of natural history in a college; a post he occupied until 1873. In 1840, he published ''Histoire naturelle des Coléoptères de France'', ("Natural History of the Coleoptera of France") ...
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Coccinellidae
Coccinellidae () is a widespread family of small beetles ranging in size from . They are commonly known as ladybugs in North America and ladybirds in Great Britain. Some entomologists prefer the names ladybird beetles or lady beetles as they are not true bugs. Many of the species have conspicuous aposematic colours and patterns, such as red with black spots, that warn potential predators that they are distasteful. The majority of the more than 6,000 described species are generally considered beneficial insects, because many prey on herbivorous hemipterans such as aphids or scale insects, which are agricultural pests. Many coccinellids lay their eggs directly in aphid and scale insect colonies, ensuring their larvae have an immediate food source. However, some species such as the herbivorous Mexican bean beetle are agricultural pests. Etymology The name ''coccinellids'', created by Pierre André Latreille, is derived from the Latin word ''coccineus'' meaning "scarlet". The na ...
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Old World
The "Old World" is a term for Afro-Eurasia that originated in Europe , after Europeans became aware of the existence of the Americas. It is used to contrast the continents of Africa, Europe, and Asia, which were previously thought of by their inhabitants as comprising the entire world, with the "New World", a term for the newly encountered lands of the Western Hemisphere, particularly the Americas. Etymology In the context of archaeology and world history, the term "Old World" includes those parts of the world which were in (indirect) cultural contact from the Bronze Age onwards, resulting in the parallel development of the early civilizations, mostly in the temperate zone between roughly the 45th and 25th parallels north, in the area of the Mediterranean, including North Africa. It also included Mesopotamia, the Persian plateau, the Indian subcontinent, China, and parts of Sub-Saharan Africa. These regions were connected via the Silk Road trade route, and they have a p ...
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North America
North America is a continent in the Northern Hemisphere and almost entirely within the Western Hemisphere. It is bordered to the north by the Arctic Ocean, to the east by the Atlantic Ocean, to the southeast by South America and the Caribbean Sea, and to the west and south by the Pacific Ocean. Because it is on the North American Plate, North American Tectonic Plate, Greenland is included as a part of North America geographically. North America covers an area of about , about 16.5% of Earth's land area and about 4.8% of its total surface. North America is the third-largest continent by area, following Asia and Africa, and the list of continents and continental subregions by population, fourth by population after Asia, Africa, and Europe. In 2013, its population was estimated at nearly 579 million people in List of sovereign states and dependent territories in North America, 23 independent states, or about 7.5% of the world's population. In Americas (terminology)#Human ge ...
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Coccinellidae Genera
Coccinellidae () is a widespread family of small beetles ranging in size from . They are commonly known as ladybugs in North America and ladybirds in Great Britain. Some entomologists prefer the names ladybird beetles or lady beetles as they are not true bugs. Many of the species have conspicuous aposematic colours and patterns, such as red with black spots, that warn potential predators that they are distasteful. The majority of the more than 6,000 described species are generally considered beneficial insects, because many prey on herbivorous hemipterans such as aphids or scale insects, which are agricultural pests. Many coccinellids lay their eggs directly in aphid and scale insect colonies, ensuring their larvae have an immediate food source. However, some species such as the herbivorous Mexican bean beetle are agricultural pests. Etymology The name ''coccinellids'', created by Pierre André Latreille, is derived from the Latin word ''coccineus'' meaning "scarlet". The ...
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