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Princess Yong'an
Princess Yong'an (永安公主, 20 July 1377 – 26 January 1417), born Zhu Yuying (朱玉英), was a princess of the Ming dynasty. She was the oldest daughter of the Yongle Emperor The Yongle Emperor (; pronounced ; 2 May 1360 – 12 August 1424), personal name Zhu Di (), was the third Emperor of the Ming dynasty, reigning from 1402 to 1424. Zhu Di was the fourth son of the Hongwu Emperor, the founder of the Ming dyn ... and the elder sister of the Hongxi Emperor. Life Zhu Yuying was born on 20 July 1377, to Zhu Di, who held at that time the title of Prince Yan (燕王), and his primary consort, Lady Xu.Ming Shilu, Record of Taizong, Vol 69 When her father ascended the throne, she was honoured as Princess Yong'an (永安公主) and her husband was awarded the title of Prince Consort (駙馬). Later, her husband was granted the title of Marquis of Guangping. Zhu Yuying had six siblings by the same mother: Zhu Gaochi, Zhu Gaoxu, Zhu Gaosui, Princess Yongping, P ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Zhu (surname)
Zhu is the pinyin romanization of five Chinese surnames: 朱, 祝, 竺, 猪 and 諸. The most prominent of the five, Zhu ( 朱), is the 17th name in the ''Hundred Family Surnames'' poem and was the surname of the Ming dynasty emperors. It is alternatively spelled Chu (primarily in Hong Kong, Macau and Taiwan), Gee in the United States & Canada, and Choo (mostly in Singapore and Malaysia). As of 2018, it is the 14th most common surname in the People's Republic of China, with a population of around 18 million.中国最新300大姓排名（2008 [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ming Shilu
The ''Ming Shilu'' () contains the imperial annals of the emperors of the Ming dynasty (1368–1644). It is the single largest historical source for the dynasty. According to modern historians, it "plays an extremely important role in the historical reconstruction of Ming society and politics." After the fall of the Ming dynasty, the ''Ming Shilu'' was used as a primary source for the compilation of the ''History of Ming'' by the Qing dynasty. Historical sources The Veritable Records (''shilu'') for each emperor was composed after the emperor's death by a History Office appointed by the Grand Secretariat The Grand Secretariat (; Manchu: ''dorgi yamun'') was nominally a coordinating agency but ''de facto'' the highest institution in the imperial government of the Chinese Ming dynasty. It first took shape after the Hongwu Emperor abolished the off ... using different types of historical sources such as: # "The Qiju zhu (), or 'Diaries of Activity and Repose'. These were dai ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1416 Deaths
Year 1416 ( MCDXVI) was a leap year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar. Events January–December * January 27 – The Republic of Ragusa is the first state in Europe to outlaw slavery. * May 29 – Battle of Gallipoli: Venetian admiral Pietro Loredan destroys the Ottoman fleet. * May 30 – The Catholic Church burns Jerome of Prague as a heretic. Date unknown * The Trezzo sull'Adda Bridge (the longest arch bridge in the world at the time) is destroyed. * The Hussite Bible is completed by Tamás Pécsi and Bálint Újlaki. Births * February 26 – Christopher of Bavaria (d. 1448) * March 27 – Antonio Squarcialupi, Italian organist and composer (d. 1480) * March 28 – Jodha of Mandore, Ruler of Marwar (d. 1489) * May 25 – Jakobus, nobleman from Lichtenberg in the northern part of Alsace (d. 1480) * October 26 – Edmund Grey, 1st Earl of Kent (d. 1490) * ''date unknown'' ** B ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1377 Births
Year 1377 ( MCCCLXXVII) was a common year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar. Events January–December * January – Battle of Đồ Bàn: Trần Duệ Tông, Trần dynasty Emperor of Đại Việt (Vietnam), is killed. * January 17 – Pope Gregory XI moves the Papacy back from Avignon to Rome. * January 27 – The Bad Parliament begins sitting in England. Influenced by John of Gaunt, 1st Duke of Lancaster, it undoes the work done by the Good Parliament, the previous year, to reduce corruption in the Royal Council. It also introduces a poll tax. * February – The Pope's representative in northern Italy, Robert of Geneva (the future antipope Clement VII), pillages Cesena, and 4,000 antipapal rebels are massacred. * March 2 – The Bad Parliament dissolves. * March 13 – Trần Phế Đế succeeds his late father as ruler of Vietnam. * May ** Continuous riots in Rome induce Pope Gregory XI to ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Xu Da
Xu Da (1332–1385), courtesy name Tiande, was a Chinese military general and politician who lived in the late Yuan dynasty and early Ming dynasty. He was a friend of the Hongwu Emperor, the founder and first ruler of the Ming dynasty, and assisted him in overthrowing the Mongol-led Yuan dynasty and establishing the Ming dynasty. He was also the father of Empress Xu, who married the third Ming ruler, the Yongle Emperor. Biography Xu Da was described as a stalwart man with slim face and high cheekbones, he joined the Red Turban rebels in 1353 to overthrow the Mongol-led Yuan dynasty in China. Xu served as a general under Zhu Yuanzhang, a prominent rebel leader, and assisted him in defeating other rival warlords and opposing forces. In 1368, the year when the Ming dynasty was founded, Xu Da and other Ming generals led an attack on Khanbaliq (present-day Beijing), the Yuan capital, and forced the last Yuan ruler, Toghon Temür, to flee northward. Xu Da led a pursuit on the retreati ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Empress Ma (Hongwu)
Empress Xiaocigao ( zh, t=孝慈高皇后, 18 July 1332 – 23 September 1382), commonly known as Empress Ma ( zh, t=馬皇后), was a Chinese empress consort of the Ming dynasty, married to the Hongwu Emperor and acting as his political adviser, exerting a large amount of influence during his reign. Early life Ma was from a poor background, born in Suzhou (宿州). Her personal name was known as Ma Xiuying ( zh, t=馬秀英) in legends and operas, but this was never mentioned in any official records, including the ''History of Ming''. It is noted that she did not have bound feet, which most women above the working class had in contemporary China. All that is known of her parentage is that her mother, who died when she was young, was surnamed Zheng, and that her father had fled with her to Dingyuan (in modern-day Anhui Province) after he had killed someone. Her father came into contact with and befriended the founder of the Red Turban army, Guo Zixing, who was both affluent and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hongwu Emperor
The Hongwu Emperor (21 October 1328 – 24 June 1398), personal name Zhu Yuanzhang (), courtesy name Guorui (), was the founding emperor of the Ming dynasty of China, reigning from 1368 to 1398. As famine, plagues and peasant revolts increased across China proper in the 14th century, Zhu Yuanzhang rose to command the Red Turban forces that conquered China proper, ending the Mongol-led Yuan dynasty and forcing the remnant Yuan court (known as Northern Yuan in historiography) to retreat to the Mongolian Plateau. Zhu claimed the Mandate of Heaven and established the Ming dynasty at the beginning of 1368 and occupied the Yuan capital, Khanbaliq (present-day Beijing), with his army that same year. Trusting only his family, he made his many sons feudal princes along the northern marches and the Yangtze valley.Chan Hok-lam.Legitimating Usurpation: Historical Revisions under the Ming Yongle Emperor (r. 14021424)". ''The Legitimation of New Orders: Case Studies in World History ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Zhu Gaoxu
Zhu Gaoxu (; 30 December 1380 – 6 October 1426), the Prince of Gaoyang (高陽王, created 1395), later the Prince of Han (漢王, created 1404), was the second son of the Yongle Emperor and Empress Renxiaowen. Zhu Gaoxu fought with his elder brother Zhu Gaochi (the future Hongxi Emperor) for the throne. Early life As the second son of his father, Zhu Di, the Prince of Yan, he was made a second-rank prince under the title "Prince of Gaoyang" (高陽王) in 1395. Though he had established meritorious services during Jingnan Campaign for his father, the Yongle Emperor still made his eldest son, Zhu Gaochi the crown prince and granted Zhu Gaoxu the princedom and the title of "Prince of Han" in 1404. Even though the position has been determined Zhu Gaoxu was still trying to ousted his older brother many times. Gaoxu's princely fief was originally located in Yunnan, he was opposed to this decision and rely on the capital. Until 1416, after finishing the second Mongols campaign, th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hongxi Emperor
The Hongxi Emperor (16 August 1378 – 29 May 1425), personal name Zhu Gaochi (朱高熾), was the fourth Emperor of the Ming dynasty, reigned from 1424 to 1425. He succeeded his father, the Yongle Emperor, in 1424. His era name "Hongxi" means "vastly bright". Biography Zhu Gaochi was born on 16 August 1378 and was educated by prominent Confucian tutors. He often acted as regent in Nanjing or Beijing during his father's northern military campaigns. He was uninterested in military matters but had prowess in archery. Already in May 1421, during the reign of the Yongle Emperor, an order was issued for the suspension of Zheng He's maritime expeditions, apparently on account of their cost (although the order apparently did not affect the 6th voyage of Zheng He, staged around that time). Zhu Gaochi, as soon as he was enthroned as the Hongxi Emperor in September 1424, cancelled Zheng He's maritime expeditions permanently, arguably burned down the fleet or left the ships to decompose ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nanjing
Nanjing (; , Mandarin pronunciation: ), alternately romanized as Nanking, is the capital of Jiangsu province of the People's Republic of China. It is a sub-provincial city, a megacity, and the second largest city in the East China region. The city has 11 districts, an administrative area of , and a total recorded population of 9,314,685 . Situated in the Yangtze River Delta region, Nanjing has a prominent place in Chinese history and culture, having served as the capital of various Chinese dynasties, kingdoms and republican governments dating from the 3rd century to 1949, and has thus long been a major center of culture, education, research, politics, economy, transport networks and tourism, being the home to one of the world's largest inland ports. The city is also one of the fifteen sub-provincial cities in the People's Republic of China's administrative structure, enjoying jurisdictional and economic autonomy only slightly less than that of a province. Nanjing has be ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ming Dynasty
The Ming dynasty (), officially the Great Ming, was an Dynasties in Chinese history, imperial dynasty of China, ruling from 1368 to 1644 following the collapse of the Mongol Empire, Mongol-led Yuan dynasty. The Ming dynasty was the last orthodox dynasty of China ruled by the Han Chinese, Han people, the majority ethnic group in China. Although the primary capital of Beijing fell in 1644 to a rebellion led by Li Zicheng (who established the short-lived Shun dynasty), numerous rump state, rump regimes ruled by remnants of the House of Zhu, Ming imperial family—collectively called the Southern Ming—survived until 1662. The Ming dynasty's founder, the Hongwu Emperor (r. 1368–1398), attempted to create a society of self-sufficient rural communities ordered in a rigid, immobile system that would guarantee and support a permanent class of soldiers for his dynasty: the empire's standing army exceeded one million troops and the naval history of China, navy's dockyards in Nanjin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Empress Xu (Ming Dynasty)
Empress Renxiaowen (仁孝文皇后; 5 March 1362 – 6 August 1407), of the Xu clan, was the empress consort to the Yongle Emperor and the third empress of China's Ming dynasty. She was well educated, compiling bibliographies of virtuous women, an activity connected with court politics. Biography Lady Xu was born in 1362, as the eldest daughter of Xu Da and Lady Xie (謝氏), second daughter of Xie Zaixing (謝再興). She had four brothers—Xu Huizu (徐輝祖), Xu Tianfu (徐添福), Xu Yingxu (徐膺緒), and Xu Zengshou (徐增壽)—and two younger sisters, who were the wives of Zhu Gui, Prince Jian of Dai (thirteenth son of the Hongwu Emperor) and Zhu Ying, Prince Hui of An (twenty-second son of the Hongwu Emperor). On 17 February 1376, she married the Zhu Di, Prince of Yan, the Hongwu Emperor's fourth son. After Zhu Di ascended the throne as the Yongle Emperor on 17 July 1402, Consort Xu, as his primary wife, was created empress in December 1402. A devout Buddhist, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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