|
Prasa-Książka-Ruch
The RSW Prasa-Książka-Ruch literally the Workers' Publishing Cooperative abbreviated to RSW ( pl, Robotnicza Spółdzielnia Wydawnicza ), was a state-owned newspaper monopoly in communist Poland founded on 1 January 1973 by the Polish United Workers' Party (PZPR). It operated a system of printing houses and distribution outlets (see also: Empik), and owned vast real estate including resort and recreation property also rented out. Operation The RSW practically financed the Communist Party in the People's Republic of Poland The Polish People's Republic ( pl, Polska Rzeczpospolita Ludowa, PRL) was a country in Central Europe that existed from 1947 to 1989 as the predecessor of the modern Republic of Poland. With a population of approximately 37.9 million nea ... throughout the 1970s and 1980s until the collapse of the Soviet empire. The company was exempt from paying taxes on its own revenue (in 1988 the RSW held back taxes amounting to 52 billion zlotys used for the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Empik
Empik (stylised as empi̓k) is a Polish commercial chain selling books, international press and media products (including film, music, and software). The chain also owns a photo company, Empik Foto, as well as a foreign language school, Empik School. History EMPiK chain began during Poland's communist period as KMPiK ( pl, Klub Międzynarodowej Prasy i Książki, the International Press and Book Club) owned by the Prasa-Książka-Ruch monopoly which financed the PZPR Party from its revenue. In 1991 it was acquired by businessmen Jacek Dębski, Janusz Romanowski (a former reserve police officer) and Yaron Bruckner, and given its current name. While initially it was partially owned by the Polish state, in 1994 it was sold completely by the State Treasury to Bruckner's Eastbridge N.V. In May 2009 EMPiK had 134 stores in Poland and 23 stores in Ukraine.From Polish Wikipedia See also * List of bookstore chains This is a list of bookstore chains with brick-and-mortar locations. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Warsaw Pl Unii Lub1
Warsaw ( pl, Warszawa, ), officially the Capital City of Warsaw,, abbreviation: ''m.st. Warszawa'' is the capital and largest city of Poland. The metropolis stands on the River Vistula in east-central Poland, and its population is officially estimated at 1.86 million residents within a greater metropolitan area of 3.1 million residents, which makes Warsaw the 7th most-populous city in the European Union. The city area measures and comprises 18 districts, while the metropolitan area covers . Warsaw is an Alpha global city, a major cultural, political and economic hub, and the country's seat of government. Warsaw traces its origins to a small fishing town in Masovia. The city rose to prominence in the late 16th century, when Sigismund III decided to move the Polish capital and his royal court from Kraków. Warsaw served as the de facto capital of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth until 1795, and subsequently as the seat of Napoleon's Duchy of Warsaw. The 19th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
