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Pompeius
Gnaeus Pompeius Magnus (; 29 September 106 BC – 28 September 48 BC), known in English as Pompey ( ) or Pompey the Great, was a Roman general and statesman who was prominent in the last decades of the Roman Republic. As a young man, he was a partisan and protégé of the dictator Sulla, after whose death he achieved much military and political success himself. He was an ally and a rival of Julius Caesar, and died in civil war with him. A member of the senatorial nobility, Pompey entered into a military career while still young. He rose to prominence serving Sulla as a commander in the civil war of 83–81 BC. Pompey's success as a general while young enabled him to advance directly to his first consulship without following the traditional ''cursus honorum'' (the required steps to advance in a political career). He was elected as consul on three occasions (70, 55, 52 BC). He celebrated three triumphs, served as a commander in the Sertorian War, the Th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pompeia Gens
The gens Pompeia was a plebs, plebeian family at ancient Rome, first appearing in history during the second century BC, and frequently occupying the highest offices of the Roman state from then until Roman Empire, imperial times. The first of the Pompeii to obtain the Roman consul, consulship was Quintus Pompeius in 141 BC, but by far the most illustrious of the gens was Pompey, Gnaeus Pompeius, surnamed ''Magnus'', a distinguished general under the Roman dictator, dictator Sulla, who became a member of the First Triumvirate, together with Julius Caesar, Caesar and Marcus Licinius Crassus, Crassus. After the death of Crassus, the rivalry between Caesar and Pompeius led to the Caesar's Civil War, Civil War, one of the defining events of the final years of the Roman Republic.''Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology'', vol. III, p. 473 ("s:Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology/Pompeia gens, Pompeia Gens"). Origin The Nomen gentilicium, nomen ''Pompeius ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sextus Pompey
Sextus Pompeius Magnus Pius ( 67 – 35 BC), also known in English as Sextus Pompey, was a Roman military leader who, throughout his life, upheld the cause of his father, Pompey the Great, against Julius Caesar and his supporters during the last civil wars of the Roman Republic. Sextus Pompey formed the last organized opposition to the Second Triumvirate, in defiance of which he succeeded in establishing an independent state in Sicily for several years. Biography Sextus Pompeius was the younger son of Gnaeus Pompeius Magnus (Pompey the Great) by his third wife, Mucia Tertia. His sister was Pompeia and his elder brother was Gnaeus Pompeius. Both boys grew up in the shadow of their father, one of Rome's greatest generals and an originally non-conservative politician who drifted to the more traditional faction when Julius Caesar became a threat. When Caesar crossed the Rubicon in 49 BC, thus starting a civil war, Sextus' older brother Gnaeus followed their father in his e ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gnaeus Pompeius Strabo
Gnaeus Pompeius Strabo ( – 87 BC) was a Roman general and politician, who served as consul in 89 BC. He is often referred to in English as Pompey Strabo, to distinguish him from his son, the famous Pompey the Great, or from Strabo the geographer. Strabo, the cognomen, means "cross eyed". He lived in the Roman Republic and was born and raised into a noble family in Picenum (in the south and the north of the modern regions of Marche and Abruzzo respectively) in central Italy, on the Adriatic Coast. Strabo's mother was called Lucilia. Lucilia's family originated from Suessa Aurunca (modern Sessa Aurunca) and she was a sister of satiric poet Gaius Lucilius. Lucilius was a friend of Roman general Scipio Aemilianus. Strabo's paternal grandfather was Gnaeus Pompeius, while his father was Sextus Pompeius. His elder brother was Sextus Pompeius and his sister was Pompeia. Career Strabo was a prominent member of the Pompeii, a noble family in Picenum, in central Italy. The Pompe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gnaeus Pompeius Magnus (son Of Pompey)
Gnaeus Pompeius Magnus (ca. 75 BC – 12 April 45 BC) was a Roman politician and general from the late Republic (1st century BC). Biography Gnaeus Pompeius Magnus was the elder son of Pompey the Great (Gnaeus Pompeius Magnus) by his third wife, Mucia Tertia. Both he and his younger brother Sextus Pompey grew up in the shadow of their father, one of Rome's best generals and not originally a conservative politician who drifted to the more traditional faction when Julius Caesar became a threat. When Caesar crossed the Rubicon in 49 BC, thus starting a civil war, Gnaeus followed his father in their escape to the East, as did most of the conservative senators. Pompey's army lost the Battle of Pharsalus in 48 BC, and Pompey himself had to run for his life, only to be murdered in Egypt on 29 September the same year. After the murder, Gnaeus and his brother Sextus joined the resistance against Caesar in the Africa Province. Together with Metellus Scipio, Cato and other senators, they ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Social War (91–87 BC)
The Social War (from Latin , "war of the allies"), also called the Italian War or the Marsic War, was fought largely from 91 to 88 BC between the Roman Republic and several of its autonomous allies () in Roman Italy, Italy. Some of the allies held out until 87 BC. The war started in late 91 BC, with the rebellion of Ascoli Piceno, Asculum. Other Italian towns quickly declared for the rebels and the Roman response was initially confused. By the new year, the Romans had levied huge armies to crush the rebels but found initial headway difficult; by the end of the year, however, they were able to cut the Italian rebels into two, isolating them into northern and southern sectors. The Italian rebels attempted to invade Etruria and Umbria at the start of 89 BC but were defeated. In the south, they were defeated by Lucius Cornelius Sulla, who for his victories would win a consulship the next year. The Romans retained the initiative and by 88 BC, the conflict ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Antistia (wife Of Pompey)
Antistia (fl. 86–82 BCE) was a Roman woman and the first of the five wives of Gnaeus Pompeius, later known as Pompey the Great. Little is known of Antistia outside her marriage to Pompey. She was promised to Pompey in marriage by her father, the lawyer, orator and senator Publius Antistius, in 86 BCE, while Antistius was presiding over the trial of Pompey for financial misconduct. In 82 or 81 BCE, Pompey divorced her in favour of Aemilia, the stepdaughter of Sulla, at the dictator's urging. The affair attracted criticism in Rome, and was used by Pompey's later political enemies to portray him as placing political self-interest over his familial duties. The lack of secure historical information on Antistia's life freed later dramatists and writers to fictionalise her feelings and motives in her marriage, and to invent more elaborate endings to the story. Beginning with the French dramatist Pierre Corneille, who included her in his 1662 play ''Sertorius'', Anti ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Wives Of Pompey The Great
The first-century-BCE Roman statesman and commander Pompey, Pompey the Great was married five times. These marriages were not only romantic matches, but political arrangements, often dictated by Pompey's political career and need to form alliances with other powerful Roman men. Pompey's first marriage, in 86 BCE, was to Antistia (wife of Pompey), Antistia, the daughter of a judge who was overseeing Pompey's trial for financial misconduct. In 82 or 81 BCE, he was influenced to divorce Antistia in favour of Aemilia (wife of Pompey), Aemilia, stepdaughter of the dictator Sulla; Aemilia died in childbirth shortly afterwards. He married Mucia Tertia in 79 BCE, this time gaining an alliance with the powerful : this was Pompey's longest marriage, and produced all three of his surviving children. He divorced Mucia in 61 BCE, possibly for political reasons, and married Julia (daughter of Caesar), Julia, the daughter of his political rival Julius Caesar, in 59 BCE. F ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mucia Tertia
Mucia Tertia ( 79 – 31 BC) was a Roman '' matrona'' who lived in the 1st century BC. She was the daughter of Quintus Mucius Scaevola, the '' pontifex maximus'' and consul in 95 BC. Around 79 BC, Mucia married Pompey, a leading and soon-to-be dominant figure in Roman politics. She was the mother of all three of Pompey's known children. Pompey divorced her in 61 BC, either for adultery or for political reasons. She subsequently married Marcus Aemilius Scaurus and remained active in Roman politics, leading peace talks between her son Sextus Pompey and Octavian in 39 BC and maintaining a relationship of mutual respect with Octavian in the years that followed. Early life Mucia was the daughter of Quintus Mucius Scaevola, while Mucia's mother was closely related to Cato the Younger but is otherwise uncertain, she may have been Licinia who divorced her father to marry Quintus Caecilius Metellus Nepos, in a scandal mentioned by several sources. Her nam ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pompeia Magna
Pompeia Magna (born 80/75 BC – before 35 BC) was the daughter and second child born to Roman triumvir Pompey the Great (Gnaeus Pompeius Magnus) from his third marriage, to Mucia Tertia. Her elder brother was Gnaeus Pompeius and her younger brother was Sextus Pompey. Biography Pompeia was born and raised in Rome. In 59 BC, her father Pompey married for a fourth time, to Julia, the daughter of Julius Caesar. After their marriage, Pompeia was betrothed to a Servilius Caepio, but she instead married Faustus Cornelius Sulla, a politician who was the son of Roman dictator Lucius Cornelius Sulla from his wife Caecilia Metella. Around 47 BC, Faustus died in the African War against Julius Caesar. Their two sons fell into the hands of Caesar, however he dismissed them as a danger and pardoned them. After 46 BC, Pompeia married for a second time to politician Lucius Cornelius Cinna who was consul in 32 BC. For a time, Pompeia accompanied her younger brother Sextus Pompey to Sici ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Battle Of Valentia (75 BC)
The Battle of Valentia was fought in 75 BC between a rebel army under the command of Marcus Perpenna Vento and a general called Gaius Herennius, both legates of the Roman rebel Quintus Sertorius, and a Roman Republican army under the command of the Roman general Gnaeus Pompeius Magnus (better known as Pompey the Great). The battle was fought at Valentia in Spain and ended in a stunning victory for the Pompeian army. Background In 88 BC, Lucius Cornelius Sulla marched his legions on Rome, starting a period of civil wars. Quintus Sertorius, a client of Gaius Marius, joined his patron's faction and took up the sword against the Sullan faction (mainly optimates). After the death of Lucius Cornelius Cinna and Gaius Marius, Sertorius lost faith with his factions leadership. In 82 BC, during the war against Sulla, he left Italy for his assigned province in Hispania. His faction lost the war in Italy right after his departure and in 81 BC Sulla sent Gaius Annius Luscus with several le ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pompey's Campaign Against The Pirates
Pompey's campaign against the pirates represented the final phase of the Roman Republic's efforts to combat piracy in the Mediterranean Sea, eastern Mediterranean, which had been adversely affecting the eastern Roman provinces. This campaign was completed in approximately 40 days under the command of Pompey in 67 B.C. Historical context Roman Republic, Rome's first intervention in the Aegean Sea in response to piracy occurred in 189 B.C., when Lucius Fabius Labeo, commander of the fleet, undertook a mission on the island of Crete. However, he was unsuccessful in securing the return of Roman citizens who had been captured by pirates. Subsequent Roman interventions took place in the seas around Anatolia, Asia Minor following the establishment of the first Roman province, province in the East, Asia (Roman province), Asia (133—129 B.C.). In 102 B.C., the consul Marcus Antonius (orator), Marcus Antonius led a campaign in the Cilician area. His reported successes against pirate p ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Battle Of Saguntum (75 BC)
The Battle of Saguntum was fought in 75 BC between forces of the Roman Republic under the command of Gnaeus Pompeius Magnus and Quintus Caecilius Metellus Pius and an army of Sertorian rebels under the command of Quintus Sertorius. The location of the battle is disputed, but it was most likely near modern Langa de Duero, as Sallust informs us the battle was fought on the banks of the river Douro. The battle lasted from noon till night and ended in a draw. Background In 88 BC, Lucius Cornelius Sulla marched his legions on Rome, starting a period of civil wars. Quintus Sertorius, a client of Gaius Marius, joined his patron's faction and took up the sword against the Sullan faction (mainly optimates). After the death of Lucius Cornelius Cinna and Gaius Marius, Sertorius lost faith in his faction's leadership. In 82 BC, during the war against Sulla, he left Italy for his assigned province in Hispania. Unfortunately his faction lost the war in Italy right after his departure, and in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
