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Pommerhelix
''Pommerhelix'' is a genus of air-breathing land snails, terrestrial animal, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod molluscs in the subfamily Hadrinae of the family Camaenidae. Species Species within the genus ''Pommerhelix'' include: * ''Pommerhelix carmelae'' S. A. Clark, 2009 * ''Pommerhelix depressa'' (Hedley, 1901) * ''Pommerhelix duralensis'' (Cox, 1868) * ''Pommerhelix exocarpi'' (Cox, 1868) * ''Pommerhelix insularis'' S. A. Clark, 2009 * ''Pommerhelix mastersi'' (Cox, 1864) * ''Pommerhelix monacha'' (Pfeiffer, 1859) Clark S. A. (2009). "A review of the land snail genus ''Meridolum'' (Gastropoda: Camaenidae) from central New South Wales, Australia". ''Molluscan Research'' 29(2): 61-12abstract * ''Pommerhelix stanisici'' S. A. Clark, 2009 References

* Bank, R. A. (2017). Classification of the Recent terrestrial Gastropoda of the World. Last update: July 16, 2017. {{Taxonbar, from=Q7227345 Gastropods of Australia Camaenidae Gastropod genera ...
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Pommerhelix Carmelae
''Pommerhelix'' is a genus of air-breathing land snails, terrestrial animal, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod molluscs in the subfamily Hadrinae of the family Camaenidae. Species Species within the genus ''Pommerhelix'' include: * ''Pommerhelix carmelae'' S. A. Clark, 2009 * ''Pommerhelix depressa'' (Hedley, 1901) * ''Pommerhelix duralensis'' (Cox, 1868) * ''Pommerhelix exocarpi'' (Cox, 1868) * ''Pommerhelix insularis'' S. A. Clark, 2009 * ''Pommerhelix mastersi'' (Cox, 1864) * ''Pommerhelix monacha'' (Pfeiffer, 1859) Clark S. A. (2009). "A review of the land snail genus ''Meridolum'' (Gastropoda: Camaenidae) from central New South Wales, Australia". ''Molluscan Research'' 29(2): 61-12abstract * ''Pommerhelix stanisici'' S. A. Clark, 2009 References

* Bank, R. A. (2017). Classification of the Recent terrestrial Gastropoda of the World. Last update: July 16, 2017. {{Taxonbar, from=Q7227345 Gastropods of Australia Camaenidae Gastropod genera ...
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Pommerhelix Depressa
''Pommerhelix'' is a genus of air-breathing land snails, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod molluscs in the subfamily Hadrinae of the family Camaenidae. Species Species within the genus ''Pommerhelix'' include: * ''Pommerhelix carmelae'' S. A. Clark, 2009 * '' Pommerhelix depressa'' (Hedley, 1901) * '' Pommerhelix duralensis'' (Cox, 1868) * '' Pommerhelix exocarpi'' (Cox, 1868) * '' Pommerhelix insularis'' S. A. Clark, 2009 * '' Pommerhelix mastersi'' (Cox, 1864) * '' Pommerhelix monacha'' (Pfeiffer, 1859) Clark S. A. (2009). "A review of the land snail genus '' Meridolum'' (Gastropoda: Camaenidae) from central New South Wales, Australia". ''Molluscan Research Mollusca is the second-largest phylum of invertebrate animals after the Arthropoda, the members of which are known as molluscs or mollusks (). Around 85,000  extant species of molluscs are recognized. The number of fossil species is est ...'' 29(2): 61-12abstract * '' Pommerhelix stanisici'' S. A. Clark, 2009 ...
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Pommerhelix Stanisici
''Pommerhelix'' is a genus of air-breathing land snails, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod molluscs in the subfamily Hadrinae of the family Camaenidae. Species Species within the genus ''Pommerhelix'' include: * ''Pommerhelix carmelae'' S. A. Clark, 2009 * ''Pommerhelix depressa'' (Hedley, 1901) * '' Pommerhelix duralensis'' (Cox, 1868) * '' Pommerhelix exocarpi'' (Cox, 1868) * '' Pommerhelix insularis'' S. A. Clark, 2009 * '' Pommerhelix mastersi'' (Cox, 1864) * '' Pommerhelix monacha'' (Pfeiffer, 1859) Clark S. A. (2009). "A review of the land snail genus '' Meridolum'' (Gastropoda: Camaenidae) from central New South Wales, Australia". ''Molluscan Research Mollusca is the second-largest phylum of invertebrate animals after the Arthropoda, the members of which are known as molluscs or mollusks (). Around 85,000  extant species of molluscs are recognized. The number of fossil species is est ...'' 29(2): 61-12abstract * '' Pommerhelix stanisici'' S. A. Clark, 2009 ...
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Pommerhelix Mastersi
''Pommerhelix'' is a genus of air-breathing land snails, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod molluscs in the subfamily Hadrinae of the family Camaenidae. Species Species within the genus ''Pommerhelix'' include: * ''Pommerhelix carmelae'' S. A. Clark, 2009 * ''Pommerhelix depressa'' (Hedley, 1901) * '' Pommerhelix duralensis'' (Cox, 1868) * '' Pommerhelix exocarpi'' (Cox, 1868) * '' Pommerhelix insularis'' S. A. Clark, 2009 * '' Pommerhelix mastersi'' (Cox, 1864) * '' Pommerhelix monacha'' (Pfeiffer, 1859) Clark S. A. (2009). "A review of the land snail genus '' Meridolum'' (Gastropoda: Camaenidae) from central New South Wales, Australia". ''Molluscan Research'' 29(2): 61-12abstract * ''Pommerhelix stanisici ''Pommerhelix'' is a genus of air-breathing land snails, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod molluscs in the subfamily Hadrinae of the family Camaenidae. Species Species within the genus ''Pommerhelix'' include: * ''Pommerhelix carmelae'' S. A. ...'' S. A. Clark, 2009 R ...
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Pommerhelix Insularis
''Pommerhelix'' is a genus of air-breathing land snails, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod molluscs in the subfamily Hadrinae of the family Camaenidae. Species Species within the genus ''Pommerhelix'' include: * ''Pommerhelix carmelae'' S. A. Clark, 2009 * ''Pommerhelix depressa'' (Hedley, 1901) * '' Pommerhelix duralensis'' (Cox, 1868) * '' Pommerhelix exocarpi'' (Cox, 1868) * '' Pommerhelix insularis'' S. A. Clark, 2009 * ''Pommerhelix mastersi'' (Cox, 1864) * '' Pommerhelix monacha'' (Pfeiffer, 1859) Clark S. A. (2009). "A review of the land snail genus '' Meridolum'' (Gastropoda: Camaenidae) from central New South Wales, Australia". ''Molluscan Research'' 29(2): 61-12abstract * ''Pommerhelix stanisici ''Pommerhelix'' is a genus of air-breathing land snails, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod molluscs in the subfamily Hadrinae of the family Camaenidae. Species Species within the genus ''Pommerhelix'' include: * ''Pommerhelix carmelae'' S. A. ...'' S. A. Clark, 2009 Re ...
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Pommerhelix Exocarpi
''Pommerhelix'' is a genus of air-breathing land snails, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod molluscs in the subfamily Hadrinae of the family Camaenidae. Species Species within the genus ''Pommerhelix'' include: * ''Pommerhelix carmelae'' S. A. Clark, 2009 * ''Pommerhelix depressa'' (Hedley, 1901) * '' Pommerhelix duralensis'' (Cox, 1868) * '' Pommerhelix exocarpi'' (Cox, 1868) * ''Pommerhelix insularis'' S. A. Clark, 2009 * ''Pommerhelix mastersi'' (Cox, 1864) * '' Pommerhelix monacha'' (Pfeiffer, 1859) Clark S. A. (2009). "A review of the land snail genus '' Meridolum'' (Gastropoda: Camaenidae) from central New South Wales, Australia". ''Molluscan Research'' 29(2): 61-12abstract * ''Pommerhelix stanisici ''Pommerhelix'' is a genus of air-breathing land snails, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod molluscs in the subfamily Hadrinae of the family Camaenidae. Species Species within the genus ''Pommerhelix'' include: * ''Pommerhelix carmelae'' S. A. ...'' S. A. Clark, 2009 Ref ...
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Pommerhelix Duralensis
''Pommerhelix'' is a genus of air-breathing land snails, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod molluscs in the subfamily Hadrinae of the family Camaenidae. Species Species within the genus ''Pommerhelix'' include: * ''Pommerhelix carmelae'' S. A. Clark, 2009 * ''Pommerhelix depressa'' (Hedley, 1901) * '' Pommerhelix duralensis'' (Cox, 1868) * ''Pommerhelix exocarpi'' (Cox, 1868) * ''Pommerhelix insularis'' S. A. Clark, 2009 * ''Pommerhelix mastersi'' (Cox, 1864) * '' Pommerhelix monacha'' (Pfeiffer, 1859) Clark S. A. (2009). "A review of the land snail genus '' Meridolum'' (Gastropoda: Camaenidae) from central New South Wales, Australia". ''Molluscan Research'' 29(2): 61-12abstract * ''Pommerhelix stanisici ''Pommerhelix'' is a genus of air-breathing land snails, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod molluscs in the subfamily Hadrinae of the family Camaenidae. Species Species within the genus ''Pommerhelix'' include: * ''Pommerhelix carmelae'' S. A. ...'' S. A. Clark, 2009 Refe ...
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Pommerhelix Monacha
''Pommerhelix monacha'' is a species of air-breathing land snail, a terrestrial animal, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusc in the family Camaenidae.MolluscaBase eds. (2022). MolluscaBase. Pommerhelix monacha (Pfeiffer, 1859). Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at: https://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=1149995 on 2022-02-06 This species is found in eastern Australia. Distribution This snail is found in high altitude rainforests in Blue Mountains (Australia), Blue Mountains, central eastern New South Wales, List of non-marine molluscs of Australia, Australia. The type locality is "Australia", which can be specified to Doryphora sassafras, Sassafras Gully, Springwood, New South Wales, Australia. Description The shell of ''Pommerhelix monacha'' is subglobose (almost round). The shell has 5.6–6.0 whorl (mollusc), whorls. The color of the shell is dark brown to black, but it can also be dark red or purple in colour. The shell sculpture (moll ...
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Camaenidae
Camaenidae is a family of air-breathing land snails, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusks in the superfamily Helicoidea, the typical snails and their allies. This is one of the most diverse families in the clade Stylommatophora. These snails occur in a wide variety of habitats in the tropics of Eastern Asia and Australasia. A large American group, which is mainly represented by species from the Caribbean, has, until recently, also been subsumed under the Camaenidae. However, latest molecular phylogenetic studies showed that these species represent a different family, the Pleurodontidae. This molecular study also implies that the Bradybaeninae, previously being treated as a distinct family within the Helicoidea, is a junior synonym of the Camaenidae. Anatomy Camaenid shells are often quite large (25–50 mm), but a number of species also have small shells (<5 mm). Shells reveal a remarkable diversity in shape and colour, which is partly linked with their ...
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Molluscan Research
Mollusca is the second-largest phylum of invertebrate animals after the Arthropoda, the members of which are known as molluscs or mollusks (). Around 85,000  extant species of molluscs are recognized. The number of fossil species is estimated between 60,000 and 100,000 additional species. The proportion of undescribed species is very high. Many taxa remain poorly studied. Molluscs are the largest marine phylum, comprising about 23% of all the named marine organisms. Numerous molluscs also live in freshwater and terrestrial habitats. They are highly diverse, not just in size and anatomical structure, but also in behaviour and habitat. The phylum is typically divided into 7 or 8  taxonomic classes, of which two are entirely extinct. Cephalopod molluscs, such as squid, cuttlefish, and octopuses, are among the most neurologically advanced of all invertebrates—and either the giant squid or the colossal squid is the largest known invertebrate species. The g ...
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Meridolum
''Meridolum'' is a genus of air-breathing land snails, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusks in the family Camaenidae. Species Species within the genus ''Meridolum'' include: * '' Meridolum benneti'' Brazier, 1872 * '' Meridolum corneovirens'' (Pfeiffer, 1851) * '' Meridolum depressum'' Hedley, 1901 * ''Meridolum gulosum'' Gould, 1846 * ''Meridolum marshalli'' McLauchlan, 1951 * '' Meridolum middenense'' McLauchlan, 1954 References Further reading * Clark S. A. (2009). "A review of the land snail genus ''Meridolum'' (Gastropoda: Camaenidae) from central New South Wales, Australia". ''Molluscan Research Mollusca is the second-largest phylum of invertebrate animals after the Arthropoda, the members of which are known as molluscs or mollusks (). Around 85,000  extant species of molluscs are recognized. The number of fossil species is est ...'' 29(2): 61-120abstract Camaenidae Taxonomy articles created by Polbot {{Camaenidae-stub ...
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Gastropod Shell
The gastropod shell is part of the body of a Gastropoda, gastropod or snail, a kind of mollusc. The shell is an exoskeleton, which protects from predators, mechanical damage, and dehydration, but also serves for muscle attachment and calcium storage. Some gastropods appear shell-less (slugs) but may have a remnant within the mantle, or in some cases the shell is reduced such that the body cannot be retracted within it (semi-slug). Some snails also possess an operculum that seals the opening of the shell, known as the Aperture (mollusc), aperture, which provides further protection. The study of mollusc shells is known as conchology. The biological study of gastropods, and other molluscs in general, is malacology. Shell morphology terms vary by species group. Shell layers The gastropod shell has three major layers secreted by the Mantle (mollusc), mantle. The calcareous central layer, tracum, is typically made of calcium carbonate precipitated into an organic matrix known as c ...
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