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Polygonum Arenastrum
''Polygonum arenastrum'', commonly known as equal-leaved knotgrass, is a summer annual flowering plant in the knotweed family Polygonaceae. Other common names include common knotweed, prostrate knotweed, mat grass, oval-leaf knotweed, stone grass, wiregrass, and door weed, as well as many others. It is native to Europe and can be found on other continents as an introduced species and a common noxious weed. Knotweed was first seen in North America in 1809 and is now seen across much of the United States and Canada. Description Knotweed develops a deep tap root (it can be as deep as ), does well in compacted soil, and survives drought conditions. The numerous wiry stems grow out from the center of the plant giving it a mat-like appearance. The stems are very long and branching and grow in a zigzag form. The leaves are alternate, oblong, hairless, can be to inches (12 to 37 mm) long, and are bluish-green in color. The leaf stalk is short and closely surrounded by papery s ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Alexandre Boreau
Alexandre Boreau (March 15, 1803 – May 5, 1875) was a French pharmacist and botanist. He is the binomial authority of plants such as '' Polygonum arenastrum'' and '' Pulmonaria longifolia''. Biography Boreau was born in Saumur, in the department of Maine-et-Loire on March 15, 1803. His father was a laborer, and upon his father's death, Boreau worked at baths established on the quay of the Loire, upstream of the Cessart bridge. Still a boy, Boreau came under the protection of his godfather Abel Aubert du Petit-Thouars, an admiral. Boreau was able to study humanities at the college of Saumur. In 1820, he began training to be a pharmacist while working in a dispensary in Angers. Within the framework of these studies, he developed an interest in botany, and he enrolled in courses and studied at the jardin des plantes d'Angers. After his marriage to Antoinette Morin, in 1828, he opened a dispensary in Nevers. He devoted himself to botany and research. He collaborated with Coun ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sepal
A sepal () is a part of the flower of angiosperms (flowering plants). Usually green, sepals typically function as protection for the flower in bud, and often as support for the petals when in bloom., p. 106 The term ''sepalum'' was coined by Noël Martin Joseph de Necker in 1790, and derived . Collectively the sepals are called the calyx (plural calyces), the outermost whorl of parts that form a flower. The word ''calyx'' was adopted from the Latin ,Jackson, Benjamin, Daydon; A Glossary of Botanic Terms with their Derivation and Accent; Published by Gerald Duckworth & Co. London, 4th ed 1928 not to be confused with 'cup, goblet'. ''Calyx'' is derived from Greek 'bud, calyx, husk, wrapping' ( Sanskrit 'bud'), while is derived from Greek 'cup, goblet', and the words have been used interchangeably in botanical Latin. After flowering, most plants have no more use for the calyx which withers or becomes vestigial. Some plants retain a thorny calyx, either dried or live, as ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Polygonum
''Polygonum'' is a genus of about 130 species of flowering plant in the buckwheat and knotweed family Polygonaceae. Common names include knotweed and knotgrass (though the common names may refer more broadly to plants from Polygonaceae). In the Middle English glossary of herbs ''Alphita'' ( 1400–1425), it was known as ars-smerte. There have been various opinions about how broadly the genus should be defined. For example, buckwheat (''Fagopyrum esculentum'') has sometimes been included in the genus as ''Polygonum fagopyrum''. Former genera such as ''Polygonella'' have been subsumed into ''Polygonum''; other genera have been split off. The genus primarily grows in northern temperate regions. The species are very diverse, ranging from prostrate herbaceous annual plants to erect herbaceous perennial plants. ''Polygonum'' species are occasionally eaten by humans, and are used as food plants by the larvae of some Lepidoptera species – see list. Most species are considered weeds i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Herbicides
Herbicides (, ), also commonly known as weedkillers, are substances used to control undesired plants, also known as weeds.EPA. February 201Pesticides Industry. Sales and Usage 2006 and 2007: Market Estimates. Summary in press releasMain page for EPA reports on pesticide use ihere Selective herbicides control specific weed species, while leaving the desired crop relatively unharmed, while non-selective herbicides (sometimes called total weedkillers in commercial products) can be used to clear waste ground, industrial and construction sites, railways and railway embankments as they kill all plant material with which they come into contact. Apart from selective/non-selective, other important distinctions include ''persistence'' (also known as ''residual action'': how long the product stays in place and remains active), ''means of uptake'' (whether it is absorbed by above-ground foliage only, through the roots, or by other means), and ''mechanism of action'' (how it works). Historica ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Landscaping Fabric
Landscape fabric is a textile material used to control weeds by inhibiting their exposure to sunlight. The fabric is normally placed around desirable plants, covering areas where other growth is unwanted. The fabric itself can be made from synthetic or organic materials, sometimes from recycle Recycling is the process of converting waste materials into new materials and objects. The recovery of energy from waste materials is often included in this concept. The recyclability of a material depends on its ability to reacquire the p ...d sources. Gardening aids Horticulture {{Horticulture-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Polygonum Aviculare
''Polygonum aviculare'' or common knotgrass is a plant related to buckwheat and dock. It is also called prostrate knotweed, birdweed, pigweed and lowgrass. It is an annual found in fields and wasteland, with white flowers from June to October. It is widespread across many countries in temperate regions, apparently native to Eurasia, naturalized in temperate parts of the Southern Hemisphere. Description Common knotgrass is an annual herb with a semi-erect stem that may grow from high. The leaves are hairless and short-stalked. They are longish-elliptical with short stalks and rounded bases; the upper ones are few and are linear and stalkless. The stipules are fused into a stem-enclosing, translucent sheath known as an ochrea that is membranous and silvery. The flowers are regular, green with white or pink margins. Each has five perianth segments, overlapping at the base, five to eight stamens and three fused carpels. The fruit is a dark brown, three-edged nut. The seeds need l ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Beet Curly Top Virus
''Beet curly top virus'' (BCTV) is a pathogenic plant virus of the family ''Geminiviridae'', containing a single-stranded DNA. The family ''Geminiviridae'' consists of nine genera (''Becurtovirus'', ''Begomovirus'', ''Capulavirus'', ''Curtovirus'', ''Eragrovirus'', ''Grablovirus'', ''Mastrevirus'', ''Topocuvirus'', ''Turncurtovirus'') based on their host range, virus genome structure, and type of insect Vector (epidemiology), vector. BCTV is a Curtovirus affecting hundreds of plants. The only known vector is the beet leafhopper, which is native to the Western United States. History ''Beet curly top virus'' was first discovered in 1888 in the Western parts of the United States. The virus wasn't fully recognized until 1907 when people started to realize that the virus was affecting their crops which led to increasing Crop yield, yield loss. As the BCTV began to surface and multiply within the United States, it affected many states (California, Idaho, Utah, and Washington) located in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Erysiphe Betae
''Erysiphe betae'' is a Plant Pathology, plant pathogen. It is a form of powdery mildew that can affect crops of sugar beet, when it can cause up to a 30% yield loss.Heffer, V., M. L. Powelson, K. B. Johnson, and N. Shishkoff. "Identification of Powdery Mildew Fungi anno 2006." Identification of Powdery Mildew Fungi. APS, 2006. Web. 14 Nov. 2016. The fungus occurs worldwide in all regions where sugar beet is grown and it also infects other edible crops, e.g. beetroot. Identification This pathogen is a strict obligated parasite, and therefore can only be identified when ''in planta''. Often to properly identify this pathogen, some form of microscopic analysis is needed when it is only found on one type of plant. This can be done through isolation and observation of cleistothecia, which are the product of sexual reproduction. Disease symptoms * Symptoms appear as dirty white, circular, floury patches on either sides of the leaves. * Under favourable environmental conditions, entire ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Powdery Mildew
Powdery mildew is a fungal disease that affects a wide range of plants. Powdery mildew diseases are caused by many different species of ascomycete fungi in the order Erysiphales. Powdery mildew is one of the easier plant diseases to identify, as its symptoms are quite distinctive. Infected plants display white powdery spots on the leaves and stems. The lower leaves are the most affected, but the mildew can appear on any above-ground part of the plant. As the disease progresses, the spots get larger and denser as large numbers of asexual spores are formed, and the mildew may spread up and down the length of the plant. Powdery mildew grows well in environments with high humidity and moderate temperatures. Greenhouses provide an ideal moist, temperate environment for the spread of the disease. This causes harm to agricultural and horticultural practices where powdery mildew may thrive in a greenhouse setting. In an agricultural or horticultural setting, the pathogen can be controlle ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Turf Grass
A lawn is an area of soil-covered land planted with grasses and other durable plants such as clover which are maintained at a short height with a lawnmower (or sometimes grazing animals) and used for aesthetic and recreational purposes. Lawns are usually composed only of grass species, subject to weed and pest control, maintained in a green color (e.g., by watering), and are regularly mowed to ensure an acceptable length. Lawns are used around houses, apartments, commercial buildings and offices. Many city parks also have large lawn areas. In recreational contexts, the specialised names turf, pitch, field or green may be used, depending on the sport and the continent. The term "lawn", referring to a managed grass space, dates to at least than the 16th century. With suburban expansion, the lawn has become culturally ingrained in some areas of the world as part of the desired household aesthetic.Robbins, PaulLawn People: How Grasses, Weeds, and Chemicals Make Us Who We Are P ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Euphorbia Maculata
''Euphorbia maculata'', known as spotted spurge, prostrate spurge (not to be confused with ''Euphorbia prostrata''), ''milk purslane'', or ''spotted sandmat'', is a fast-growing annual plant in the family Euphorbiaceae. While it is native to North America, where it is a common garden and lawn weed in the United States, it has become a common introduced species throughout the world, including Europe, Japan, Korea, Australia, and New Zealand. It grows in sunny locations and a variety of soils, and functions as a pioneer species in ecological succession. The sap of this plant is a mild skin irritant and can cause a rash in some people. The sap is poisonous and considered carcinogenic. Description ''Euphorbia maculata'' is typically prostrate, with specimens rarely reaching up as high as . The stems spread out in a mat along the ground with each stem rarely greater than long. The leaves are oval but rather elongate, up to long, and arranged in opposite pairs. The cyathia, b ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Stipule
In botany, a stipule is an outgrowth typically borne on both sides (sometimes on just one side) of the base of a leafstalk (the petiole). Stipules are considered part of the anatomy of the leaf of a typical flowering plant, although in many species they may be inconspicuous —or sometimes entirely absent, and the leaf is then termed ''exstipulate''. (In some older botanical writing, the term "stipule" was used more generally to refer to any small leaves or leaf-parts, notably prophylls.) The word ''stipule'' was coined by Linnaeus''Concise English Dictionary'' Wordsworth Editions Ltd. 1994, from Latin ''stipula'', straw, stalk. Types of stipules General characteristics The position of stipules on a plant varies widely from species to species, though they are often located near the base of a leaf. Stipules are most common on dicotyledons, where they appear in pairs alongside each leaf. Some monocotyledon plants display stipule-like structures, but only display one per leaf ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
