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Po Phaok The
Po Phaok The (?–1835), also known as Po Phaok or Cei Phaok The, was the last ruler of Champa from 1829 to 1832. His Vietnamese name was Nguyá»…n Văn Thừa (阮文承). Po Phaok The was a son of Po Saong Nyung Ceng (Nguyá»…n Văn Chấn). In 1829, the Champa ruler Po Klan Thu (Nguyá»…n Văn VÄ©nh) died. Po Phao The was appointed the new ruler by Viceroy of southern Vietnam Lê Văn Duyệt without Emperor Minh Mạng's permission. Po Phaok The was granted the Vietnamese title ''Thuáºn Thà nh trấn Khâm sai Thống binh cai cÆ¡''; Po Dhar Kaok (Nguyá»…n Văn Nguyên) was appointed as his viceroy, or the deputy ruler. During his reign, Champa ended its relationship with Huế court; they only sent tribute to Lê Văn Duyệt, the viceroy of Cochinchina. Lê Văn Duyệt died in 1832. Soon after Duyệt's death, Minh Mạng's new appointees arrived in Cochinchina and took over the local administration. At the same time, Champa was annexed by Vietnam. Po Phaok The and P ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Po Saong Nyung Ceng
Po Saong Nyung Ceng (?–1822), also known as Po Ceng or Po Saong Nhung Cheng, was the ruler of Champa from 1799 to 1822. His Vietnamese name was Nguyá»…n Văn Chấn (阮文振). Po Saong Nyung Ceng joined the Nguyá»…n army in 1790. In 1794, he was appointed as the viceroy, or the deputy ruler of Champa by Nguyá»…n Ãnh.'' Äại Nam chÃnh biên liệt truyện sÆ¡ táºp '', vol. 33 Po Chongchan, the Champa ruler supported by the Tây SÆ¡n dynasty, invaded Băl Canar (present-day Phan Rà Cá»a, Tuy Phong District, Bình Thuáºn Province) in 1796. It was defeated by Po Saong Nyung Ceng. Po Saong Nyung Ceng also took part in putting down the rebellion of Tuan Phaow. He succeeded Po Ladhuanpuguh (Nguyá»…n Văn Hà o) as the ruler in 1799. He was succeeded by Po Klan Thu in 1822. There was a history record about him: '' Ariya Po Ceng''. The record was written in Cham script The Cham script is a Brahmic abugida used to write Cham, an Austronesian language spoken by ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nguyá»…n Dynasty
The Nguyá»…n dynasty (chữ Nôm: 茹阮, vi, Nhà Nguyá»…n; chữ Hán: 阮æœ, vi, Nguyá»…n triá»u) was the last Vietnamese dynasty, which ruled the unified Vietnamese state largely independently from 1802 to 1883. During its existence, the empire expanded into modern-day southern Vietnam, Cambodia, and Laos through a continuation of the centuries-long Nam tiến and Siamese–Vietnamese wars. After 1883, the Nguyá»…n emperors ruled nominally as heads of state of the French protectorates of Annam and Tonkin until the final months of WWII; they later nominally ruled over the Empire of Vietnam until the August Revolution. The House of Nguyá»…n Phúc, Nguyá»…n Phúc family established feudal rule over large amounts of territory as the Nguyá»…n lords by the 16th century before defeating the Tây SÆ¡n dynasty and establishing their own imperial rule in the 19th century. The dynastic rule began with Gia Long ascending the throne in 1802, after ending the previous Tây SÆ¡n d ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1835 Deaths
Events January–March * January 7 – anchors off the Chonos Archipelago on her second voyage, with Charles Darwin on board as naturalist. * January 8 – The United States public debt contracts to zero, for the only time in history. * January 24 – Malê Revolt: African slaves of Yoruba Muslim origin revolt in Salvador, Bahia. * January 26 – Queen Maria II of Portugal marries Auguste de Beauharnais, 2nd Duke of Leuchtenberg, in Lisbon; he dies only two months later. * January 26 – Saint Paul's in Macau largely destroyed by fire after a typhoon hits. * January 30 – An assassination is attempted against United States President Andrew Jackson in the United States Capitol (the first assassination attempt against a President of the United States). * February 1 – Slavery is abolished in Mauritius. * February 20 – 1835 Concepción earthquake: Concepción, Chile, is destroyed by an earthquake; the resulting tsunami destroys the neighboring city of Talcahuano. * M ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cham Rulers
Cham or CHAM may refer to: Ethnicities and languages *Chams, people in Vietnam and Cambodia **Cham language, the language of the Cham people ***Cham script ***Cham (Unicode block), a block of Unicode characters of the Cham script *Cham Albanians, also spelled Çam, a people originating in northern Greece of Albanian descent **Cham Albanian dialect People * Cham (singer) (born 1979), Jamaica reggae singer known for the single "Ghetto Story" *Cham., standard author abbreviation for botanist Adelbert von Chamisso (1781–1838) *Chamillionaire (born 1979), American rapper * Cham Prasidh (born 1951), Cambodian Minister of Trade * Adongo Agada Cham (1959–2011), king of the Anuak people of Sudan and Ethiopia *Jorge Cham (born 1976), comic-book artist * Patrick Cham (born 1959), French basketball player *Amédée de Noé (1818–1879), French artist whose pseudonym was "Cham" *Ham (son of Noah), also spelt Cham *Cham, a variant in Gambia of the surname Thiam Places *Cham, Germany, to ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Société Asiatique De Paris
Lactalis is a French multinational dairy products corporation, owned by the Besnier family and based in Laval, Mayenne, France. The company's former name was Besnier SA. Lactalis is the largest dairy products group in the world, and is the second largest food products group in France, behind Danone. It owns brands such as Parmalat, Président, Siggi's Dairy, Skånemejerier, Rachel's Organic, and Stonyfield Farm. History André Besnier started a small cheesemaking company in 1933 and launched its ''Président'' brand of Camembert in 1968. In 1990, it acquired Group Bridel (2,300 employees, 10 factories, fourth-largest French dairy group) with a presence in 60 countries. In 1992, it acquired United States cheese company Sorrento. In 1999, ''la société Besnier'' became ''le groupe Lactalis'' owned by Belgian holding company BSA International SA. In 2006, they bought Italian group Galbani, and in 2008, bought Swiss cheesemaker Baer. They bought Italian group Parmalat in a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cham Script
The Cham script is a Brahmic abugida used to write Cham, an Austronesian language spoken by some 245,000 Chams in Vietnam and Cambodia. It is written horizontally left to right, just like other Brahmic abugidas. History The Cham script is a descendant of the Brahmi script of India.Cham. In ''The Unicode Standard, Version 11.0'' (p. 661). Mountain View, CA: Unicode Consortium. Cham was one of the first scripts to develop from a script called the Pallava script some time around 200 CE. It came to Southeast Asia as part of the expansion of Hinduism and Buddhism. Hindu stone temples of the Champa civilization contain both Sanskrit and Chamic language stone inscriptions.Thurgood, Graham. ''From Ancient Cham to Modern Dialects: Two Thousand Years of Language Contact and Change''. Honolulu: University of Hawaii Press, 1999. The earliest inscriptions in Vietnam are found in Mỹ Sơn, a temple complex dated to around 400 CE. The oldest inscription is written in faulty Sanskrit. After ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Archives Royales Du Champa
An archive is an accumulation of historical records or materials – in any medium – or the physical facility in which they are located. Archives contain primary source documents that have accumulated over the course of an individual or organization's lifetime, and are kept to show the function of that person or organization. Professional archivists and historians generally understand archives to be records that have been naturally and necessarily generated as a product of regular legal, commercial, administrative, or social activities. They have been metaphorically defined as "the secretions of an organism", and are distinguished from documents that have been consciously written or created to communicate a particular message to posterity. In general, archives consist of records that have been selected for permanent or long-term preservation on grounds of their enduring cultural, historical, or evidentiary value. Archival records are normally unpublished and almost alwa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ja Thak Wa Uprising
Ja Thak Wa uprising ( vi, Khởi nghÄ©a Ja Thak Wa) was a revolt led by two ethnic Cham leaders, Ja Thak Wa and Po War Palei, against the Vietnamese government under Emperor Minh Mạng in 19th century southern Vietnam. Events Northern Champa was conquered by the Dai Viet in 1471 but the Cham kept various forms of autonomy until 1832 (Panduranga and Principality of Thuáºn Thà nh). The Chams were forced to adopt Vietnamese customs. After the Katip Sumat uprising was put down, Ja Thak Wa (Thầy Äiá»n ''or'' Äiên SÆ°), another Muslim cleric, launched another revolt against Vietnamese in 1834. Ja Thak Wa chose Chek Bicham (Phố Châm SÆ¡n) as his base area; he crowned Po War Palei (La Bôn VÆ°Æ¡ng), a son-in-law of the last deputy ruler Po Dhar Kaok (Nguyá»…n Văn Nguyên), as the new Champa king. The rebels attacked Ninh Thuáºn, Bình Thuáºn, Khánh Hòa and Phú Yên. They were supported by Montagnard in Central Highlands. The rebellion was put down in July 1835 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Katip Sumat Uprising
Katip Sumat uprising ( vi, Phong trà o Hồi Giáo của Katip Sumat) was a revolt in 19th century Southern Vietnam. It was led by Cham Muslim leader Katip Sumat. This is the only ever-recorded jihad war involving Vietnam.(Extracted from Truong Van Mon, “The Raja Praong Ritual: a Memory of the sea in Cham- Malay Relationsâ€, in Memory And Knowledge Of The Sea In South Asia, Institute of Ocean and Earth Sciences, University of Malaya, Monograph Series 3, pp, 97-111. International Seminar on Maritime Culture and Geopolitics & Workshop on Bajau Laut Music and Danceâ€, Institute of Ocean and Earth Sciences and the Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences, University of Malaya, 23-24/2008) Background The remnant of the Champa Kingdom in a small enclave in Southeast part of Mainland Southeast Asia, Panduranga, known to the Vietnamese as Principality of Thuáºn Thà nh, had been annexed by the Vietnamese from the Nguyen lord's domain in 1692, who vassalized it instead of incorporating. Dur ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Panduranga
Vithoba, also known as Vi(t)thal(a) and Panduranga, is a Hindu deity predominantly worshipped in the Indian state of Maharashtra and Karnataka. He is generally considered as a manifestation of the god Vishnu, or his avatar Krishna. Vithoba is often depicted as a dark young boy, standing arms akimbo on a brick, sometimes accompanied by his consort Rakhumai. Vithoba is the focus of an essentially monotheistic, non-ritualistic bhakti-driven Varkari faith of Maharashtra and the Haridasa faith of Karnataka. Vithoba Temple, Pandharpur is his main temple. Vithoba legends revolve around his devotee Pundalik who is credited for bringing the deity to Pandharpur, and around Vithoba's role as a saviour to the poet-saints of the Varkari faith. The Varkari poet-saints are known for their unique genre of devotional lyric, the abhang, dedicated to Vithoba and composed in Marathi. Other devotional literature dedicated to Vithoba includes the Kannada hymns of the Haridasa and the Marathi ver ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cochinchina
Cochinchina or Cochin-China (, ; vi, Äà ng Trong (17th century - 18th century, Việt Nam (1802-1831), Äại Nam (1831-1862), Nam Kỳ (1862-1945); km, កូសាំងស៊ីន, Kosăngsin; french: Cochinchine; ) is a historical exonym for part of Vietnam, depending on the contexts. Sometimes it referred to the whole of Vietnam, but it was commonly used to refer to the region south of the Gianh River. In the 17th and 18th centuries, Vietnam was divided between the Trịnh lords to the north and the Nguyá»…n lords to the south. The two domains bordered each other on the Son–Gianh River. The northern section was called Tonkin by Europeans, and the southern part, , was called Cochinchina by most Europeans and Quinam by the Dutch. Lower Cochinchina (), whose principal city is Saigon, is the newest territory of the Vietnamese people in the movement of (Southward expansion). This region was also the first part of Vietnam to be colonized by the French. Inaugurated as the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Minh Mạng
Minh Mạng () or Minh Mệnh (, vi-hantu, 明 命, lit. "the bright favour of Heaven"; 25 May 1791 – 20 January 1841; born Nguyá»…n Phúc Äảm, also known as Nguyá»…n Phúc Kiểu) was the second emperor of the Nguyá»…n dynasty of Vietnam, reigning from 14 February 1820 until his death, on 20 January 1841. He was the fourth son of Emperor Gia Long, whose eldest son, Nguyá»…n Phúc Cảnh, had died in 1801. He was well known for his opposition to French involvement in Vietnam and his rigid Confucian orthodoxy. Early years Born Nguyá»…n Phúc Äảm at Gia Äịnh in the middle of the Second Tây SÆ¡n – Nguyá»…n War, Minh Mạng was the fourth son of lord Nguyá»…n Phúc Ãnh – future Emperor Gia Long. His mother was Gia Long's second wife Trần Thị Äang (historically known as Empress Thuáºn Thiên). At the age of three, under the effect of a written agreement made by Gia Long with his first wife Tống Thị Lan (Empress Thừa Thiên), he was taken in an ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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