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Pleurosternidae
Pleurosternidae is an extinct family of freshwater turtles belonging to Paracryptodira. They are definitively known from the Late Jurassic to Early Cretaceous (Albian) of Western Europe and North America. Genera Valid taxa *''Dinochelys'' Morrison Formation, United States, Late Jurassic (Tithonian) *''Dorsetochelys'' Purbeck Group, England, Early Cretaceous (Berriasian) Bückeberg Formation, Germany, Berriasian *''Glyptops'' Morrison Formation, United States, Late Jurassic (Tithonian) *'' Pleurosternon'' Purbeck Group, England, Early Cretaceous (Berriasian), Ágreda locality, Spain, Tithonian-Berriasian, France, Tithonian-Berriasian *'' Riodevemys'' Villar del Arzobispo Formation, Spain, Late Jurassic (Tithonian) *''Selenemys'' Lourinhã Formation, Portugal, Late Jurassic (Kimmeridgian) *'' Toremys'' Escucha Formation, Spain, Early Cretaceous (Albian) ''Uluops'' from the Late Jurassic of North America may also belong to Pleurosternidae. Invalid taxa * '' Desmemys'' Bü ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pleurosternidae
Pleurosternidae is an extinct family of freshwater turtles belonging to Paracryptodira. They are definitively known from the Late Jurassic to Early Cretaceous (Albian) of Western Europe and North America. Genera Valid taxa *''Dinochelys'' Morrison Formation, United States, Late Jurassic (Tithonian) *''Dorsetochelys'' Purbeck Group, England, Early Cretaceous (Berriasian) Bückeberg Formation, Germany, Berriasian *''Glyptops'' Morrison Formation, United States, Late Jurassic (Tithonian) *'' Pleurosternon'' Purbeck Group, England, Early Cretaceous (Berriasian), Ágreda locality, Spain, Tithonian-Berriasian, France, Tithonian-Berriasian *'' Riodevemys'' Villar del Arzobispo Formation, Spain, Late Jurassic (Tithonian) *''Selenemys'' Lourinhã Formation, Portugal, Late Jurassic (Kimmeridgian) *'' Toremys'' Escucha Formation, Spain, Early Cretaceous (Albian) ''Uluops'' from the Late Jurassic of North America may also belong to Pleurosternidae. Invalid taxa * '' Desmemys'' Bü ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pleurosternon
''Pleurosternon'' is an extinct genus of freshwater pleurosternid turtle from the latest Jurassic to earliest Cretaceous of Europe. Its type species, ''P. bullocki'' was described by the paleontologist Richard Owen (noted for coining the word '' Dinosauria'') in 1853. Since then, and throughout the late 19th century, many fossil turtles were incorrectly assigned to this genus, though only two are currently considered valid. Taxonomy ''Pleurosternon bullocki'' fossils were first described by Richard Owen in 1841 from specimens found in the earliest Cretaceous (Berriasian) aged Purbeck Group of the Isle of Purbeck, of Dorset in southern England, under the living genus ''Platemys''. It was not until 1853 however, that it was published under the name ''Pleurosternon'' in a paper Owen presented to the Palaeontographical Society. ''P. portlandicum'' named by Richard Lydekker in 1889 from the latest Jurassic (Tithonian) aged Portland Stone of the Isle of Portland, Dorset, is now consi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Paracryptodira
__NOTOC__ Paracryptodira is an extinct group of reptiles in the clade Testudinata (which contains modern turtles and their extinct relatives), known from the Jurassic to Paleogene of North America and Europe. Initially treated as a suborder sister to Cryptodira,Gaffney (1975) they were then thought to be a very primitive lineage inside the Cryptodira according to the most common use of the latter taxon.Joyce (2007) They are now often regarded as late-diverging stem-turtles, lying outside the clade formed by Cryptodira and Pleurodira. The paracryptodires are said to have phylogenic relationships, noted as primary subclades, within the Baenidae and Pleurosternidae. Within each subclade, lies many biodiverse turtles that are continuously being investigated and added to the fossil record. Paracryptodires are divided into three main groups, Compsemydidae, known from the Late Jurassic to Paleocene of North America and Europe, Pleurosternidae, known from the Late Jurassic to Early Cretac ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dorsetochelys
''Dorsetochelys'' is an extinct genus of turtle from the Early Cretaceous of southern England and northwestern Germany. Taxonomy The type species, ''Dorsetochelys delairi'', was described on the basis of DORCM G.23, a complete skull from the Early Cretaceous (Berriasian) Purbeck Group of Dorset, England. Later, a turtle skull from the vicinity of Como Bluff, Wyoming, was described as a new species, ''D. buzzops'', in honor of Buzz Pitman, a museum director of the Rock River Museum near Como Bluff. However, a cladistic analysis conducted in 2013 recovered that species as a member of Baenidae, sister to ''Uluops''. In 2012, pleurosternid remains were described from the Early Cretaceous (Berriasian) Bückeberg Formation of Lower Saxony, northwestern Germany, and this prompted a re-assessment of the problematic species ''"Pleurosternon" typocardium'', which had been tentatively referred to ''Glyptops ''Glyptops'' (Greek for "grooved face") is an extinct genus of pleurosternid fre ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Glyptops
''Glyptops'' (Greek for "grooved face") is an extinct genus of pleurosternid freshwater turtle known from the Late Jurassic of North America. Taxonomy The type species, ''Glyptops plicatulus'', was first described as ''Compsemys plicatulus'' by Edward Drinker Cope on the basis of AMNH 6099, a partial shell from the Late Jurassic (Tithonian) aged Morrison Formation of Colorado. In 1890, a partial skull, YPM 1784 (described from Como Bluff, Wyoming), was named ''Glyptops ornatus'' by Othniel Charles Marsh. Later, Oliver Perry Hay recognized ''Compsemys plicatulus'' and ''Glyptops ornatus'' as being from the same species, hence the new combination ''G. plicatulus''. Another Morrison species of ''Glyptops'', ''G. utahensis'', was described from a complete shell (CM 3412) found at Dinosaur National Monument in Utah. ''Glyptops'' later became a wastebasket taxon to refer to isolated shell fragments with a finely sculpted surface texture. The type of ''Glyptops plicatulus'' was later ju ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Selenemys
''Selenemys'' is an extinct genus of pleurosternid turtle from the Late Jurassic of Central West of Portugal. It is known from several specimens recovered from the Lusitanian Basin, dating to the upper Kimmeridgian age. It was one of the earliest European pleurosternids, more closely related to the later Cretaceous pleurosternids of Europe than the contemporary pleurosternids of North America. This genus was named by Adán Pérez-García and Francisco Ortega in 2011, and the type species is ''Selenemys lusitanica''. The holotype A holotype is a single physical example (or illustration) of an organism, known to have been used when the species (or lower-ranked taxon) was formally described. It is either the single such physical example (or illustration) or one of sever ... is housed at the Laboratory of Paleontology and Paleoecology of thALT-Society of Natural History(Torres Vedras, Portugal). References Pleurosternidae Prehistoric turtle genera Kimmeridgian g ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dinochelys
''Dinochelys'' (from Greek ''deinos'' -terrible- and ''chelys'' -turtle) is an extinct genus of paracryptodiran turtle from the Late Jurassic Morrison Formation. See also * Paleobiota of the Morrison Formation The Morrison Formation is a distinctive sequence of Late Jurassic sedimentary rock that is found in the western United States, which has a wide assortment of taxa represented in its fossil record, including dinosaur fossils in North America. It is ... References Pleurosternidae Prehistoric turtle genera Late Jurassic turtles Late Jurassic reptiles of North America Morrison fauna Fossil taxa described in 1979 Taxa named by Eugene S. Gaffney {{Jurassic-reptile-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Uluops
''Uluops'' is an extinct genus of paracryptodire turtle from the Late Jurassic (Tithonian) of North America. The type and only species is ''Uluops uluops'', which is known from a single skull from the Morrison Formation. See also * Paleobiota of the Morrison Formation The Morrison Formation is a distinctive sequence of Late Jurassic sedimentary rock that is found in the western United States, which has a wide assortment of Taxon, taxa represented in its fossil record, including dinosaur fossils in North America ... References Further reading *K. Carpenter and R. T. Bakker. 1990. A new latest Jurassic vertebrate fauna, from the highest levels of the Morrison Formation at Como Bluff, Wyoming, with comments on Morrison biochronology. Part II. A new baenid turtle. Hunteria 2(6):3-4 Pleurosternidae Prehistoric turtle genera Tithonian genera Late Jurassic turtles Late Jurassic reptiles of North America Morrison fauna Fossil taxa described in 1990 Taxa named by Kenneth ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Villar Del Arzobispo Formation
The Villar del Arzobispo Formation is a Late Jurassic to possibly Early Cretaceous geologic formation in eastern Spain. It is equivalent in age to the Lourinhã Formation of Portugal. It was originally thought to date from the Late Tithonian-Middle Berriasian, but more recent work suggests a Kimmeridigan-Late Tithonian, possibly dating to the Early Berriasian in some areas. The Villar del Arzobispo Formation's age in the area of Riodeva in Spain has been dated based on stratigraphic correlations as middle-upper Tithonian, approximately 145-141 million years old. In the area of Galve, the formation potentially dates into the earliest Cretaceous. Most of the unit consists of siliciclastic mudstone, however the lower portion of the formation is dominated by bioclastic, oolitic and peloidal limestone, while channelized sandstone and conglomerate is found in the middle portion of the unit. While the lower part of the formation was deposited in an inner carbonate platform, the upwar ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kimmeridgian
In the geologic timescale, the Kimmeridgian is an age in the Late Jurassic Epoch and a stage in the Upper Jurassic Series. It spans the time between 157.3 ± 1.0 Ma and 152.1 ± 0.9 Ma (million years ago). The Kimmeridgian follows the Oxfordian and precedes the Tithonian. Stratigraphic definition The Kimmeridgian Stage takes its name from the village of Kimmeridge on the Dorset coast, England. The name was introduced into the literature by French geologist Alcide d'Orbigny in 1842. The Kimmeridge Clay Formation takes its name from the same type location (although this formation extends from the Kimmeridgian stage of the Upper Jurassic into the Lower Cretaceous). It is the source for about 95% of the petroleum in the North Sea. Historically, the term Kimmeridgian has been used in two different ways. The base of the interval is the same but the top was defined by British stratigraphers as the base of the Portlandian (''sensu anglico'') whereas in France the top was defined as t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Prehistoric Reptile Families
Prehistory, also known as pre-literary history, is the period of human history between the use of the first stone tools by hominins 3.3 million years ago and the beginning of recorded history with the invention of writing systems. The use of symbols, marks, and images appears very early among humans, but the earliest known writing systems appeared 5000 years ago. It took thousands of years for writing systems to be widely adopted, with writing spreading to almost all cultures by the 19th century. The end of prehistory therefore came at very different times in different places, and the term is less often used in discussing societies where prehistory ended relatively recently. In the early Bronze Age, Sumer in Mesopotamia, the Indus Valley Civilisation, and ancient Egypt were the first civilizations to develop their own scripts and to keep historical records, with their neighbors following. Most other civilizations reached the end of prehistory during the following Iron Age. T ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Suction Feeding
Aquatic feeding mechanisms face a special difficulty as compared to feeding on land, because the density of water is about the same as that of the prey, so the prey tends to be pushed away when the mouth is closed. This problem was first identified by Robert McNeill Alexander. As a result, underwater predators, especially bony fish, have evolved a number of specialized feeding mechanisms, such as filter feeding, ram feeding, suction feeding, protrusion, and pivot feeding. Most underwater predators combine more than one of these basic principles. For example, a typical generalized predator, such as the cod, combines suction with some amount of protrusion and pivot feeding. Suction feeding Suction feeding is a method of ingesting a prey item in fluids by sucking the prey into the predator's mouth. It is a highly coordinated behavior achieved by the dorsal rotation of the dermatocranium, lateral expansion of the suspensorium, and the depression of the lower jaw and hyoid. Suct ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
