|
Plemmyradytes Shintoni
''Plemmyradytes'' is an extinct genus of dissorophoid temnospondyl from the early Permian (early Asselian stage). It is an amphibamiform from the Eskridge Formation exposures of Nebraska. The type species is ''Plemmyradytes shintoni''. The genus name derives from the Greek ''plemmyris'' ('tide' or 'wave') and ''dytes'' ('diver'), while the specific name honors John Shinton, a fossil preparator at the Denver Museum of Natural History where all known specimens of this taxon are reposited following collection in the late 20th century. Anatomy Huttenlocker et al. (2007) differentiated ''Plemmyradytes'' from other amphibamiforms by: (1) the reduced lateral exposure of the palatine (LEP); (2) a long and narrow supratemporal without a ventral flange; (3) a posteriorly extensive squamosal, long and slightly recurved teeth that decrease in size posteriorly; (4) a shallow dentary with a trough below the tooth row; and (5) smaller teeth on the dentary relative to the maxilla. Phylogen ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lower Permian
The Cisuralian is the first series/epoch of the Permian. The Cisuralian was preceded by the Pennsylvanian and followed by the Guadalupian. The Cisuralian Epoch is named after the western slopes of the Ural Mountains in Russia and Kazakhstan and dates between 298.9 ± 0.15 – 272.3 ± 0.5 Mya. The Cisuralian is often synonymous with the informal terms early Permian or lower Permian. It corresponds approximately with the Wolfcampian in southwestern North America. The series saw the appearance of beetles and flies and was a relatively stable warming period of about 21 million years. Name and background The Cisuralian is the first series or epoch of the Permian. The Cisuralian was preceded by the last Pennsylvanian epoch (Gzhelian) and is followed by the Permian Guadalupian Epoch. The name "Cisuralian" was proposed in 1982, and approved by the International Subcommission on Permian Stratigraphy in 1996. The Cisuralian Epoch is named after the western slopes of the Ural Mountain ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Doleserpeton
''Doleserpeton'' is an extinct, monospecific genus of dissorophoidean temnospondyl within the family Amphibamidae that lived during the Upper Permian, 285 million years ago. ''Doleserpeton'' is represented by a single species, ''Doleserpeton annectens'', which was first described by John R. Bolt in 1969.Sigurdsen, Trond, and John R. Bolt. "The Lower Permian Amphibamid Doleserpeton (temnospondyli: Dissorophoidea), the Interrelationships of Amphibamids, and the Origin of Modern Amphibians." Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 30.5 (2010): 1360-1377. Print. Fossil evidence of ''Doleserpeton'' was recovered from the Dolese Brothers Limestone Quarry in Fort Sill, Oklahoma. The genus name ''Doleserpeton'' is derived from the initial discovery site in Dolese quarry of Oklahoma and the Greek root "herp-", meaning "low or close to the ground". This transitional fossil displays primitive traits of amphibians that allowed for successful adaptation from aquatic to terrestrial environments. In ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Permian Geology Of Nebraska
The Permian ( ) is a geologic period and stratigraphic system which spans 47 million years from the end of the Carboniferous Period million years ago (Mya), to the beginning of the Triassic Period 251.9 Mya. It is the last period of the Paleozoic Era; the following Triassic Period belongs to the Mesozoic Era. The concept of the Permian was introduced in 1841 by geologist Sir Roderick Murchison, who named it after the region of Perm in Russia. The Permian witnessed the diversification of the two groups of amniotes, the synapsids and the sauropsids (reptiles). The world at the time was dominated by the supercontinent Pangaea, which had formed due to the collision of Euramerica and Gondwana during the Carboniferous. Pangaea was surrounded by the superocean Panthalassa. The Carboniferous rainforest collapse left behind vast regions of desert within the continental interior. Amniotes, which could better cope with these drier conditions, rose to dominance in place of their amphib ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cisuralian Temnospondyls Of North America
The Cisuralian is the first series/epoch of the Permian. The Cisuralian was preceded by the Pennsylvanian and followed by the Guadalupian. The Cisuralian Epoch is named after the western slopes of the Ural Mountains in Russia and Kazakhstan and dates between 298.9 ± 0.15 – 272.3 ± 0.5 Mya. The Cisuralian is often synonymous with the informal terms early Permian or lower Permian. It corresponds approximately with the Wolfcampian in southwestern North America. The series saw the appearance of beetles and flies and was a relatively stable warming period of about 21 million years. Name and background The Cisuralian is the first series or epoch of the Permian. The Cisuralian was preceded by the last Pennsylvanian epoch (Gzhelian) and is followed by the Permian Guadalupian Epoch. The name "Cisuralian" was proposed in 1982, and approved by the International Subcommission on Permian Stratigraphy in 1996. The Cisuralian Epoch is named after the western slopes of the Ural Mountain ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dissorophids
Dissorophidae is an extinct family of medium-sized, temnospondyl amphibians that flourished during the late Carboniferous and early Permian periods. The clade is known almost exclusively from North America. History of study Dissorophidae is a diverse clade that was named in 1902 by George A. Boulenger. Junior synonyms include Otocoelidae, Stegopidae, and Aspidosauridae. Early in the study of dissorophoids when the relationships of different taxa were not well-resolved and most taxa had not been described, Dissorophidae sometimes came to include taxa that are now not regarded as dissorophids and may have excluded earlier described taxa that are now regarded as dissorophids. Amphibamiforms were widely regarded as small-bodied dissorophids, and at one point, Dissorophidae was also suggested to also include Trematopidae. 19th century In 1895, American paleontologist Edward Drinker Cope named ''Dissorophus'' from the early Permian of Texas. This was the first dissorophid to be ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Amphibamids
The Amphibamidae are an extinct family of dissorophoid temnospondyls known from Late Carboniferous- Early Permian strata in the United States. Classification Amphibamidae has traditionally included small-bodied, terrestrial dissorophoids. The name is attributed to Moodie (1909), but it was rarely used because it originally referred only to ''Amphibamus''. Similar monogeneric families were also erected for other small, terrestrial dissorophoids (e.g., Doleserpetontidae), and most of the taxa now recognized as amphibamiforms were placed within the Dissorophidae. Clack & Milner (1993) revived the Amphibamidae to include ''Amphibamus, Platyrhinops, Doleserpeton,'' and ''Tersomius'.'' Daly (1994) further expanded the composition of the Amphibamidae to include the newly described ''Eoscopus'' as well as the Early Triassic form ''Micropholis''. She suggested that the micromelerpetids were also amphibamids, which has not been validated by more recent workers. Subsequent phylogenetic w ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pasawioops
''Pasawioops'' is an extinct genus of early Permian dissorophoid temnospondyl within the clade Amphibamiformes. History of study ''Pasawioops'' was first described from the early Permian fissure fills near Richards Spur in Comanche County, Oklahoma. It is known from three skulls from this locality. The holotype is a complete skull (reposited at the Sam Noble Oklahoma Museum of Natural History MNH, while the referred specimens are larger but more incomplete partial skulls (one at the OMNH and the other at the Field Museum). The taxon is also known from one specimen from the early Permian of Texas (reposited at the Museum of Comparative Zoology), being previously misidentified as a specimen of ''Tersomius texensis''. Anatomy ''Pasawioops'' has a relatively long and slender skull for an amphibamiform, with the posterior skull table not abbreviated as in more derived taxa. A tooth-bearing crest is found along the cultriform process, and the pterygoid bears two ridges of teeth ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tersomius
''Tersomius'' is an extinct genus of dissorophoid temnospondyl within the family Micropholidae. It is known from the early Permian of North America (Oklahoma and Texas). History of study ''Tersomius'' was first named in 1910 by American paleontologist E.C. Case based on a partial skull collected from the Archer City Formation of Texas. The type species is ''T. texensis'', in reference to its geographic provenance. The brief original description was supplemented by a lengthier redescription of the holotype and description of new material by Carroll (1964). At least two of these specimens do not belong to any species of ''Tersomius'' and were reassigned by Maddin et al. (2013), which has led some authors to consider it as a potential "wastebasket taxon." Material referred to ''Tersomius'' cf. ''texensis'' was reported from the early Permian South Grandfield locality in Oklahoma by Daly (1973). A second species of ''Tersomius'', ''T. mosesi,'' was named by Olson (1970) for Amos M ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gerobatrachus
''Gerobatrachus'' is an extinct genus of Amphibamidae, amphibamid temnospondyl (represented by the type species ''Gerobatrachus hottoni'') that lived in the Early Permian, approximately 290 million years ago (Ma), in the area that is now Baylor County, Texas. When it was first described in 2008, ''Gerobatrachus'' was announced to be the closest relative of Batrachia, the group that includes modern frogs and salamanders. It possesses a mixture of characteristics from both groups, including a large frog-like head and a salamander-like tail. These features have led to it being dubbed a frogamander by the press. Some more recent studies place ''Gerobatrachus'' as the closest relative of Lissamphibia, the group that contains all modern amphibians including frogs, salamanders, and caecilians, or place modern amphibians far from ''Gerobatrachus'' within a group called Lepospondyli. Description The only known specimen of ''Gerobatrachus'' is a nearly complete skeleton (USNM 489135) about ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Georgenthalia
''Georgenthalia'' is an extinct genus of dissorophoid temnospondyl from the Lower Permian. It is an amphibamid which lived in what is now the Thuringian Forest of central Germany. It is known from the holotype MNG 11135, a small, complete skull. It was found in the Bromacker locality of the Tambach Formation. It was first named by Jason S. Anderson, Amy C. Henrici, Stuart S. Sumida, Thomas Martens and David S. Berman in 2008 and the type species is ''Georgenthalia clavinasica''. Phylogeny Cladogram A cladogram (from Greek ''clados'' "branch" and ''gramma'' "character") is a diagram used in cladistics to show relations among organisms. A cladogram is not, however, an evolutionary tree because it does not show how ancestors are related to d ... after Fröbisch and Reisz, 2008: References Amphibamids Dissorophids Permian temnospondyls of Europe Permian Germany Fossil taxa described in 2008 Prehistoric amphibian genera {{Permian-animal-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Plemmyradytes Shintoni
''Plemmyradytes'' is an extinct genus of dissorophoid temnospondyl from the early Permian (early Asselian stage). It is an amphibamiform from the Eskridge Formation exposures of Nebraska. The type species is ''Plemmyradytes shintoni''. The genus name derives from the Greek ''plemmyris'' ('tide' or 'wave') and ''dytes'' ('diver'), while the specific name honors John Shinton, a fossil preparator at the Denver Museum of Natural History where all known specimens of this taxon are reposited following collection in the late 20th century. Anatomy Huttenlocker et al. (2007) differentiated ''Plemmyradytes'' from other amphibamiforms by: (1) the reduced lateral exposure of the palatine (LEP); (2) a long and narrow supratemporal without a ventral flange; (3) a posteriorly extensive squamosal, long and slightly recurved teeth that decrease in size posteriorly; (4) a shallow dentary with a trough below the tooth row; and (5) smaller teeth on the dentary relative to the maxilla. Phylogen ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Micropholis
''Micropholis'' is group of trees in the family (biology), family Sapotaceae, described as a genus in 1891. (2001): World Checklist of Sapotaceae &ndash''Micropholis'' The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Retrieved 2008-DEC-24. These trees are native to tropical South America, Mesoamerica, and the West Indies. Most are locally known as ''"cafetos"'', literally meaning "coffee plants". But while both ''Micropholis'' and the coffeeplant genus ''Coffea'' are asterids, the present genus is part of the Ericales – a quite basal (evolution), basal asterid lineage –, while ''Coffea'' belongs to the more advanced Gentianales. They are valued for their wood, which is used as timber, for construction and as firewood; many species are threatened by overexploitation and habitat destruction. Also, they are often used as part of catuaba, a decoction from various tree's Bark (botany), bark claimed to have aphrodisiac and stimulant properties. ''Caimitillo verde' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
